1,061
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Legal Regulation and Professional Discretion in Schools

ORCID Icon &
Pages 195-210 | Received 28 Feb 2018, Accepted 27 Sep 2018, Published online: 16 Oct 2018

References

  • Aasen, H. S., Gloppen, S., Magnussen, A.-M., & Nilssen, E. (2014). Juridification and social citizenship: Internal law, democracy and professional discretion. In H. S. Aasen, S. Gloppen, A.-M. Magnussen, & E. Nilssen (Eds.), Juridification and social citizenship in the welfare state (pp. 277–299). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Abbott, A. (1988). The system of professions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Ananiadou, K., & Smith, P. K. (2002). Legal requirements and nationally circulated materials against school bullying in European countries. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2(4), 471–491. doi: 10.1177/17488958020020040501
  • Andenæs, K. (2006). Om maktens rettsliggjøring og rettsliggjøringens maktpotensial [The power of juridification]. Tidsskrift for Samfunnsforskning, 47(4), 587–600.
  • Anderson, G., & Cohen, M. I. (2015). Redesigning the identities of teachers and leaders: A framework for studying new professionalism and educator resistance. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 23(85), 1–24.
  • Bergh, A., & Arneback, E. (2016). Hur villkorar juridifieringen lärarprofessionens arbete med skolans kunskaper och värden? [How does juridification condition the teaching profession’s work with educational knowledge and values]. Utbildning & Demokrati, 25(1), 11–31.
  • Blichner, L., & Molander, A. (2008). Mapping juridification. European Law Journal, 14(1), 36–54. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0386.2007.00405.x
  • Boe, E. (2007). Grunnleggende juridisk metode – en introduksjon til rett og rettstenkning [Legal method – An introduction to identification of problem and factual circumstances]. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Brint, S. (1994). In an age of experts. The changing role of professionals in politics and public life. Chichester: Princeton University Press.
  • Brint, S. (2001). Professionals and the “knowledge economy”: Rethinking the theory of postindustrial society. Current Sociology, 49(4), 101–132. doi: 10.1177/0011392101049004007
  • Brock, D. M., Powell, M. J., & Hinings, C. R. (1999). The restructured professional organization: Corporate, cobwebs and cowboys. In D. Brock, M. Powell, & C. R. Hinings (Eds.), Restructuring the professional organization: Accounting, health care and law (pp. 215–229). London: Routledge.
  • Creswell, J. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
  • Dent, M., & Whitehead, S. (2002). Configuring the “new” professional. In M. Dent & S. Whitehead (Eds.), Managing professional identities. Knowledge, performativity and the “new” professional (pp. 1–16). London: Routledge.
  • Education Act. (1998). Act of 17 July 1998 no. 61 relating to Primary and Secondary Education and Training with Amendments (In force as of February 1st 2017). The Royal Ministry of Education and Research.
  • Evans, T. (2010). Professional discretion in welfare services. Surrey: Ashgate.
  • Evetts, J. (2009). New professionalism and new public management: Changes, continuities and consequences. Comparative Sociology, 8, 247–266. doi: 10.1163/156913309X421655
  • Fasting, R. B. (2013). Adapted education: The Norwegian pathway to inclusive and efficient education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 17(3), 263–276. doi: 10.1080/13603116.2012.676083
  • Fjørtoft, H., Vatn, GÅ, & Eriksen, P. F. (2017). Juridisk literacy i skolen. Ikke-juristers lovtekstlesing og rettsanvendelse [Legal literacy in school. Non-lawyers interpretation of legal texts and legal use]. Nordic Journal of Literacy Research, 3, 1–14. doi: 10.23865/njlr.v3.685
  • Freidson, E. (2001). Professionalism: The third logic. London: Polity Press.
  • Hall, J. B. (2016a). Examining school inspectors and educational directors within the organisation of school inspection policy: Perceptions and views. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 61(1), 112–126. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2015.1120234
  • Hall, J. B. (2016b). State school inspection – the Norwegian example (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo.
  • Hall, J. B., & Sivesind, K. (2015). State school inspection policy in Norway and Sweden (2002-2012): A reconfiguration of governing modes? Journal of Education Policy, 30(3), s 429–s 458. doi: 10.1080/02680939.2014.945488
  • Haug, P. (1999). Formulation and realization of social justice: The compulsory school for all in Sweden and Norway. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 14(3), 231–239. doi: 10.1080/0885625990140305
  • Haug, P. (2014). Kompetanse for spesialundervisning [Compentence for special needs education]. Bedre Skole, 3, 81–83.
  • Hausstätter, R., & Thuen, H. (2014). Special education today in Norway. In A. F. Rotatori, J. P. Bakken, S. Burkhardt, F. E. Obiakor, & U. Sharma (Eds.), Advances in special education, Vol. 28. Special education international perspectives: Practices across the globe (pp. 181–207). West Yorkshire: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
  • Hult, A., & Lindgren, J. (2016). Med lagen som rättesnöre – kunskapsformer i lärares arbete mot kränkande behandling [Judging by the (law) book: Knowledge forms in teachers’ work against degrading behaviour]. Utbildning & Demokrati, 25(1), 73–93.
  • Imsen, G., Blossing, U., & Moos, L. (2017). Reshaping the Nordic education model in an era of efficiency. Changes in the comprehensive school project in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden since the millennium. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 61(5), 568–583. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2016.1172502
  • Jakhelln, H., & Møller, J. (2016). Retten i skolen. Styring og sikring [Legal regulation in schools. Governing and control]. In K. Andenæs & J. Møller (Eds.), Retten i skolen – mellom pedagogikk, juss og politikk [Legal regulation in schools – tensions between pedagogy, law and policy] (pp. 27–39). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Jensen, K., Lahn, L., & Nerland, M. (2012). Professional learning in the knowledge society. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
  • Jenssen, E. S. (2011). “Jeg føler jeg har veldig lite ordinær undervisning i den klassen” – hva åtte lærere legger vekt på ved tilpasset opplæring [Stories from how eight teachers give priority to adapted education]. Spesialpedagogikk, 76(7), 41–52.
  • Jenssen, E. S., & Lillejord, S. (2009). Tilpasset opplæring: Politisk dragkamp om pedagogisk praksis [Inclusive education: Political conflicts about educational practices]. Acta Didactica Norge, 3(1), 1–15. doi: 10.5617/adno.1040
  • Larsson, B., & Jacobsson, B. (2013). Discretion in the “backyard of law”: Case handling of debt relief in Sweden. Professions & Professionalism, 3(1), 1–17. doi: 10.7577/pp.438
  • Lundahl, L. (2016). Equality, inclusion and marketization of Nordic education: Introductory notes. Research in Comparative & International Education, 11(1), 3–12. doi: 10.1177/1745499916631059
  • Magnussen, A.-M., & Nilssen, E. (2013). Juridification and the construction of social citizenship. Journal of Law and Society, 40, 228–248. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6478.2013.00621.x
  • Markussen, E., Frøseth, M. V., & Sandberg, N. (2011). Reaching for the unreachable: Identifying factors predicting early school leaving and non-completion in Norwegian upper secondary education. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 55(3), 225–253. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2011.576876
  • Molander, A. (2016). Discretion in the welfare state. London: Routledge.
  • Molander, A., & Grimen, H. (2010). Understanding professional discretion. In L. G. Svensson & J. Evetts (Eds.), Sociology of professions: Continental and Anglo-Saxon traditions (pp. 167–187). Göteborg: Daidalos.
  • Molander, A., Grimen, H., & Eriksen, E. O. (2012). Professional discretion and accountability in the welfare state. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 29(3), 214–230. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5930.2012.00564.x
  • Møller, J., & Karseth, B. (2016). Profesjonell skjønnsutøvelse og kravet til tilpasset opplæring [Professionally discretionary and the need for adapted education]. In K. Andenæs & J. Møller (Eds.), Retten i skolen – mellom pedagogikk, juss og politikk [Legal regulation in schools – tensions between pedagogy, law and policy] (pp. 199–215). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Møller, J., Prøitz, T., Rye, E., & Aasen, P. (2013). Kunnskapsløftet som styringsreform [Knowlege promotion as a governing reform]. In B. Karseth, J. Møller, & P. Aasen (Eds.), Reformtakter: Om fornyelse og stabilitet i grunnopplæringen [School reforms: About renewal and stability in primary and secondary education] (pp. 23–41). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Møller, J., & Sivesind, K. (2016). Rektorers blikk på opplæringslovens rettslige regulering [Principals’ perspectives on legal regulation in Education]. In K. Andenæs & J. Møller (Eds.), Retten i skolen – mellom pedagogikk, juss og politikk [Legal regulation in schools – tensions between pedagogy, law and policy] (pp. 161–181). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Møller, J., & Skedsmo, G. (2013). Modernizing education – NPM reform in the Norwegian education system. Journal of Educational Administration and History, 45, 336–353. doi: 10.1080/00220620.2013.822353
  • Murphy, M., & Skillen, P. (2015). The politics of time on the frontline: Street level bureaucracy, professional judgment, and public accountability. International Journal of Public Administration, 38(9), 632–641. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2014.952823
  • Nilsen, S. (2014). Spesialundervisning i nasjonale læreplaner – utelatt, uteglemt eller “integrert vekk”? En analyse av nasjonale læreplaner for grunnskolen fra og med 1974 [Special needs education –ignored, neglected or «integrated away». An analysis of national curricula]. Psykologi i Kommunen, (5), 47–62.
  • Nilsen, S., & Herlofsen, C. (2015). The legal basis for special needs education in Norway: Changing policy principles. In D. L. Cameron & R. Thygesen (Eds.), Transitions in the field of special education. Theoretical perspectives and implications for practice (pp. 229–255). Münster/New York: Waxmann Verlag.
  • Novak, J. (2018). Juridification of educational spheres. The case of Swedish school inspection (PhD thesis). Faculty of Educational Sciences 13. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala.
  • Ombudsman for Children. (2017). Uten mål og mening. Elever med spesialundervisning i grunnskolen. Barneombudet [Without goal and meaning. Pupils with special needs education in compulsory schools]. Oslo: Report from the Ombudsman for Children.
  • Ot.prp. nr. 46 (1997–1998). Om lov om grunnskolen og den vidaregåande opplæringa (opplæringslova). Kunnskapsdepartementet. [Parliament proposition for a New Education Act for Primary and Secondary Schools. The Ministry of Education and Research].
  • Østerud, Ø, Engelstad, F., & Selle, P. (2003). Makten og demokratiet [Power and democracy]. Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.
  • Ottesen, E., & Møller, J. (2016). Organisational routines – The interplay of legal standards and professional discretion. European Educational Research Journal, 15(4), 395–409. doi: 10.1177/1474904116638853
  • Ozga, J. (2009). Governing education through data in England: From regulation to self-evaluation. Journal of Education Policy, 24(2), 149–162. doi: 10.1080/02680930902733121
  • Prop. 129 L. (2012–2013). Endringer i opplæringslova og privatskolelova (spesialundervisning m.m.) Kunnskapsdepartementet [Parliament proposition about changes in the Education Act for primary and secondary schools and private schools (special needs education etc.). The Ministry of Education and Research].
  • Sandberg, K. (2016). Barnets beste i skolen [Best interests of the pupil]. In K. Andenæs & J. Møller (Eds.), Retten i skolen – mellom pedagogikk, juss og politikk [Legal regulation in schools – tensions between pedagogy, law and policy] (pp. 40–53). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Skedsmo, G. (2009). School governing in transition? Perspectives, purposes and perceptionsof evaluation policy (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Oslo, Norway.
  • Stefkovich, J. A. (2013). Best interests of the pupil: Applying ethical constructs to legal cases in education. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Telhaug, A. O. (1990). Den nye utdanningspolitiske retorikken [The new rhetoric in educational policy]. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
  • Travers, M. (2007). The new bureaucracy: Quality assurance and its critics. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Trujillo, T. (2014). The modern cult of efficiency: Intermediate organizations and the new scientific management. Educational Policy, 28(2), 207–232. doi: 10.1177/0895904813513148
  • UDIR. (2014/2107). Veilederen Spesialundervisning [A guide to special needs education]. Utdanningsdirektoratet. Retrieved from https://www.udir.no/laring-og-trivsel/sarskilte-behov/spesialundervisning/Spesialundervisning/
  • United Nation. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf
  • United Nation. (1989). Convention of the right of the child. Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf
  • Utdanningsforbundet. (2012). The professional ethics for the teaching profession. Retrieved from https://www.utdanningsforbundet.no/globalassets/larerhverdagen/profesjonsetikk/larerprof_etiske_plattform_a4_engelsk_311012_051015argh.pdf
  • Wallander, L., & Molander, A. (2014). Disentangling professional discretion: A conceptual and methodological approach. Professions & Professionalism, 4(3), 1–19. Retrieved from https://journals.hioa.no/index.php/pp/article/view/808 doi: 10.7577/pp.808
  • Welstad, T. (2012). Skoleledere som rettsanvendere [school leaders’ use of the law]. In H. Jakhelln & T. Welstad (Eds.), Utdanningsrettslige emner [Topics about education law] (pp. 700–721). Oslo: Cappelen Damm.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.