The reinstatement of Plocamium robertiae (Rhodophyta, Plocamiales) and an updated species inventory of the genus in South Africa

REFERENCES

• Afolayan A.F., Mann M.G., Lategan C.A., Smith P.J., Bolton J.J. & Beukes D.R. 2009. Antiplasmodial halogenated monoterpenes from the marine red alga Plocamium cornutum. Phytochemistry 70: 597–600. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.02.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson R.J., Bolton J.J. & Stegenga H. 2009. Using the biogeographical distribution and diversity of seaweed species to test the efficacy of marine protected areas in the warm‐temperate Agulhas Marine Province, South Africa. Diversity and Distributions 15: 1017–1027. DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00614.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson R.J., Stegenga H. & Bolton J.J. 2016. Seaweeds of the South African south coast. World-wide electronic publication, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. http://southafrseaweeds.uct.ac.za; searched on 2019/20.
   Google Scholar
• Antunes E.M., Afolayan A.F., Chiwakata M.T., Fakee J., Knott M.G., Whibley C.E., Hendricks D.T., Bolton J.J. & Beukes D.R. 2011. Identification and in vitro anti-esophageal cancer activity of a series of halogenated monoterpenes isolated from the South African seaweeds Plocamium suhrii and Plocamium cornutum. Phytochemistry 72: 769–772. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.02.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolton J.J. 2020. The problem of naming commercial seaweeds. Journal of Applied Phycology 32: 751–758. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-019-01928-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bracegirdle J., Sohail Z., Fairhurst M.J., Gerth M.L., Zuccarello G.C., Ali Hashmi M. & Keyzers R.A. 2019. Costatone C—A new halogenated monoterpene from the New Zealand red alga Plocamium angustum. Marine Drugs 17: Article 418. DOI: 10.3390/md17070418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper M.W. 2017. A taxonomic investigation into the red alga Plocamium within New Zealand. MSc thesis. Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. 88 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Cremades J., Barreiro R., Maneiro I. & Saunders G.W. 2011. A new taxonomic interpretation of the type of Plocamium cartilagineum (Plocamiales, Florideophyceae) and its consequences. European Journal of Phycology 46: 125–142. DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2011.565129.
   Google Scholar
• De Clerck O., Engledow H.R., Bolton J.J., Anderson R.J. & Coppejans E. 2002. Twenty marine benthic algae new to South Africa, with emphasis on the flora of Kwazulu-Natal. Botanica Marina 45: 413–431. DOI: 10.1515/BOT.2002.042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Clerck O., Bolton J.J., Anderson R.J. & Coppejans E. 2005. Guide to the seaweeds of KwaZulu-Natal. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Brussels (Scripta Botanica Belgia), Belgium. 294 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Du Plessis J.C. 2020. DNA barcoding of South African red seaweeds (Rhodophyta). MSc thesis. Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. 89 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Fort A., McHale M., Cascella K., Potin P., Perrineau M.M., Kerrison P.D., da Costa E., Calado R., Domingues M.R., Azevedo I.C. et al. 2022. Exhaustive reanalysis of barcode sequences from public repositories highlights ongoing misidentifications and impacts taxa diversity and distribution. Molecular Ecology Resources 22: 86–101. DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredericq S., Hommersand M.H. & Freshwater D.W. 1996. The molecular systematics of some agar- and carrageenan-containing marine red algae based on rbcL sequence analysis. Hydrobiologia 326/327: 125–135. [Fifteenth International Seaweed Symposium, Springer, Dordrecht.]
   Google Scholar
• Goff L.J., Moon D.A., Nyvall P., Stache B., Mangin K. & Zuccarello G. 1996. The evolution of parasitism in the red algae: molecular comparisons of adelphoparasites and their hosts. Journal of Phycology 32: 297–312. DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1996.00297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiry M.D. & Guiry G.M. 2020. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 2017–2020.
   Google Scholar
• Hall T. 1999. BioEdit: user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41: 95–98.
   Google Scholar
• Huisman J.M. & Saunders G.W. 2021. Resurrection of Plocamium pusillum Sonder (Plocamiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Australia. Cryptogamie, Algologie 42: 231–239. DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2021v42a14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knott M.G., Mkwananzi H., Arendse C.E., Hendricks D.T., Bolton J.J. & Beukes D.R. 2005. Plocoralides A–C, polyhalogenated monoterpenes from the marine alga Plocamium corallorhiza. Phytochemistry 66: 1108–1112. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.03.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knott M.G. 2015. A review of secondary metabolites isolated from Plocamium species worldwide. International Science and Technology Journal of Namibia 6: 75–93. ISSN: 2026-7673.
   Google Scholar
• Knott M.G., de la Mare J.A., Edkins A.L., Zhang A., Stillman M.J., Bolton J.J., Antunes E.M. & Beukes D.R. 2019. Plaxenone A and B: cytotoxic halogenated monoterpenes from the South African red seaweed Plocamium maxillosum. Phytochemistry Letters 29: 182–185. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2018.12.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S., Stecher G., Li M., Knyaz C. & Tamura K. 2018. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 35: 1547–1549. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kylin H. 1930. Über die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Florideen. Lunds Universitets Ärsskrift, Ny Följd, Andra Afdelningen 26 (6): 1–104.
   Google Scholar
• Montecinos A.E., Huanel O.R., Ramírez M.E. & Guillemin M.L. 2021. Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile. Cryptogamie, Algologie 42: 1–19. DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2021v42a1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papenfuss G.F. 1968. Notes on SA Marine algae V. Journal of South African Botany 34: 267–287.
   Google Scholar
• Posada D. 2008. jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology and Evolution 25: 1253–1256. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msn083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rambaut A. & Drummond A.J. 2014. Tracer v1.5. http://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy M.M., Clerck O.D., Leliaert F., Anderson R.J. & Bolton J.J. 2018. A rosette by any other name: species diversity in the Bangiales (Rhodophyta) along the South African coast. European Journal of Phycology 53: 67–82. DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2017.1376256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy M.M., Stegenga H., Anderson R.J. & Bolton J.J. 2020. An updated species inventory of Callithamnion sensu lato Rhodophyta, Callithamniaceae in South Africa with the description of Callithamnion africanum sp. nov. Phytotaxa 461: 139–154. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.461.3.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy M.M., Jennings L. & Thomas O.P. 2021. Marine biodiscovery in a changing world. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 116: 1–36. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80560-9_1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ronquist F. & Huelsenbeck J.P. 2003. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabry O.M., Goeger D.E., Valeriote F.A. & Gerwick W.H. 2017. Cytotoxic halogenated monoterpenes from Plocamium cartilagineum. Natural Product Research 31: 261–267. DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1230115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders G.W. & Kraft G.T. 1994. Small-subunit rRNA gene sequences from representatives of selected families of the Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta). 1. Evidence for the Plocamiales ord. nov. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1250–1263. DOI: 10.1139/b94-153.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders G.W. & Lehmkuhl K.V. 2005. Molecular divergence and morphological diversity among four cryptic species of Plocamium (Plocamiales, Florideophyceae) in northern Europe. European Journal of Phycology 40: 293–312. DOI: 10.1080/09670260500192935.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders G.W. & Moore T.E. 2013. Refinements for the amplification and sequencing of red algal DNA barcode and RedToL phylogenetic markers: a summary of current primers, profiles, and strategies. Algae 28: 31–43 DOI: 10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders G.W., Filloramo G., Dixon K., Le Gall L., Maggs C.A. & Kraft G.T. 2016. Multigene analyses resolve early diverging lineages in the Rhodymeniophycidae (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 52: 505–522. DOI:10.1111/jpy.12426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seagrief S.C. 1984. A catalogue of South African green, brown and red marine algae. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 47: 1–72.
   Google Scholar
• Shapumba C.W., Knott M. & Kapewangolo P. 2017. Antioxidant activity of a halogenated monoterpene isolated from a Namibian marine algal Plocamium species. Journal of Food Science and Technology 54: 3370–3373. DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2784-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva P.C., Basson P.W. & Moe R.L. 1996. Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. University of California Publications in Botany 79: 1–1259. DOI: 10.1017/S0967026297221268.
   Google Scholar
• Simons R.H. 1964. Species of Plocamium on the South African coast. Bothalia 8: 183–193. DOI: 10.4102/abc.v8i2.1630.
   Google Scholar
• South G.R. & Adams N.M. 1979. A revision of the genus Plocamium Lamouroux (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) in New Zealand. Phycologia 18: 120–132. DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-18-2-120.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamatakis A., Hoover P. & Rougemont J. 2008. A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML Web servers. Systematic Biology 57: 758–771. DOI: 10.1080/10635150802429642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stegenga H., Bolton J.J. & Anderson R.J. 1997. Seaweeds of the South African West Coast. Creda Press, Cape Town, South Africa. 655 pp. [Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium 18.]
   Google Scholar
• Vieira C., Camacho O., Wynne M.J., Mattio L., Anderson R.J., Bolton J.J., Sansón M., D’hondt S., Leliaert F., Fredericq S., Payri C. & De Clerck O. 2016. Shedding new light on old algae: matching names and sequences in the brown algal genus Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae). Taxon 65: 689–707. DOI: 10.12705/654.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yano T., Kamiya M., Arai S. & Kawai H. 2004. Morphological homoplasy in Japanese Plocamium species (Plocamiales, Rhodophyta) inferred from the Rubisco spacer sequence and intracellular acidity. Phycologia 43: 383–393. DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-43-4-383.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yano T., Kamiya M., Murakami A., Sasaki H. & Kawai H. 2006. Biochemical phenotypes corresponding to molecular phylogeny of the red algae Plocamium (Plocamiales, Rhodophyta): implications of incongruence with the conventional taxonomy. Journal of Phycology 42: 155–169. DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2006.00178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar