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Original Articles

Fetal Electrocardiography

A Valuable Adjunct to Prenatal Management

, M.D., , M.D. & , B.A.
Pages 482-488 | Published online: 18 Apr 2016

REFERENCES

  • Davis, M. E. and Foote, R. J.: Continuous monitoring system for fetal electrocardiography. Amer J Obstet Gynec 93: 984, 1965.
  • Larks, S. D.: Resemblance of the fetal ECG complex to the standard lead II QRS of the newborn. Obstet Gynec 24: 1, 1964.
  • Larks: Estimation of the electrical axis of the fetal heart. Amer J Obstet Gynec 91: 46, 1964.
  • Larks, S. D. and Larks, G. G.: The electrical axis of the fetal heart: A new criterion for fetal well- being or distress. Amer J Obstet Gynec 93: 975, 1965.
  • Larks, S. D., Faust, R., Longo, L. and Anderson, G. D.: Experiences in the diagnosis of fetal life with the fetal electrocardiogram. Amer J Obstet Gynec 80: 1143, 1959.
  • Larks, S. D. and Dasgupta, K.: Fetal electrocardiography with special reference to early pregnancy. Amer Heart J 56: 701–714, 1958.
  • Walden, W. D. and Birnbaum, S. J.: Current status of fetal electrocardiography. Obstet-Gynec Dig, July 1965, pp. 47–61.
  • Talledo, E. and Zuspan, F. P.: When is the fetus dead? JAMA 186: 140, 1963.
  • Bolte, A.: Der Elektrokardiographische Nachweise des Fetalen Lebens. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 25: 328, 1965.
  • Buston, T. M., Hus, I. and Barter, R. H.: Fetal electrocardiography—a study of 254 patients using a preamplifier and a standard electrocardiograph. JAMA 185: 441, 1963.
  • Larks, S. D.: The fetal electrocardiogram in multiple pregnancy. Amer J Obstet Gynec 77: 1109, 1959.
  • Larks, S. D. and Larks, G. G.: Normal fetal electrocardiogram, statistical data and representative waveforms. Amer J Obstet Gynec 90: 1350, 1964.
  • Larks, S. D.: Prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiac malformation; criteria. Communication and Electronics, January 1963.
  • Larks, S. D. and Longo, L.: Fetal electrocardiograms showing cardiac malformation including heart block. JAMA 173: 1217, 1960.
  • Larks, S. D., Bergstedt, R. G. and Hagan, W. K.: An instrument for recording the fetal electrocardiogram. San Diego Symposium for Biomedical Engineering, 1964.
  • Montagu, A.: Man in Process. Cleveland, The World Publishing Company, 1961, p. 123.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

  • Beniarz, J., Fernandez-Sepulveda, R. and Caldeyro-Barcia, R.: Effects of maternal hypotension on the human fetus. Amer J Obstet Gynec 92: 821, 1965.
  • Bernstine, R. L.: Fetal Electrocardiography and Electroencephalography. Springfield, Illinois, Charles C Thomas, 1961.
  • Caceres, C. A., Steinberg, C. A., Goman, P. A., Et Al.: Computer aids in electrocardiography. Ann NY Acad Sci 118: 85, 1964.
  • Connor, A. C., McFadden, J. F., Houston, B. J. and Finn, J. L.: Familial congenital complete heart block. Amer J Obstet Gynec 78: 75, 1959.
  • Cremer, M.: Munchen Med Wschr 53: 811, 1906.
  • Hon, E. H.: The instrumentation of fetal heart rate and fetal electrocardiography. I. A fetal heart monitor. Conn Med 25: 289, 1960.
  • Hon: Instrumentation of fetal electrocardiography. Science 125: 553, 1957.
  • Hon: Noise reduction in fetal electrocardiography. Med Arts Sci 15: 120, 1961.
  • Hon, E. H. and Lee, S. T.: The fetal electrocardiogram. III. Display techniques. Amer J Obstet Gynec 91: 56, 1965.
  • Larks, S. D.: Contributions to the study of the normal fetal electrocardiogram. Biomed Sci Instrum 1: 293, 1963.
  • Larks: Fetal Electrocardiography. Springfield, Illinois, Charles C Thomas, 1961.
  • Roche, J. B. and Hon, E. H.: The fetal electrocardiogram. V. Comparison of lead systems. Amer J Obstet Gynec 92: 1149, 1965.
  • Southern, E. M.: Fetal anoxia and its possible relation to changes in the prenatal fetal electrocardiogram. Amer J Obstet Gynec 73: 233, 1957.

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