2
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
CSF TESTS

Cerebrospinal fluid data

1. Interpretation in intracranial hemorrhage and meningitis

Pages 181-188 | Published online: 07 Jul 2016

References

  • Hammock MIC, Milhorat TH. The cerebrospinal fluid: current concepts of its formation. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1976; 6: 22–6
  • Henry JB, ed. Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods. 16th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1979: 636
  • Greenwald KA, Speicher CE, Evers MD, et al. Glucose content in cerebrospinal fluid. Am J Clin Pathol 1973; 59: 518–20
  • Henry,2 p 647
  • Henry,2 p 642
  • Cole M. Pitfalls in cerebrospinal fluid examination. Hosp Pract 1969;4: 47–52
  • Dryken PR. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology: practical clinical usefulness. Neurology 1975; 25: 210–7
  • Guseo A. Classification of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid: a review. Eur Neurol 1977; 15: 169–76
  • Simon RP, Loerper MA. PMNs in normal spinal fluid examined by the cytocentrifuge technique. Ann Neurol 1980; 7: 380–1
  • Patten BM. How much blood makes the cerebrospinal fluid bloody? JAMA 1968; 206: 378
  • Calabrese VP. The interpretation of routine CSF tests. Va Med Mon 1976: 103: 207–9
  • Resurreccion EC, Rosenblum J A. Common causes of spurious xanthochromia in cerebrospinal fluid. Angiology 1972: 23: 105–10
  • Henry,2 p 639
  • Roost KT, Pimstone NR. Diamond I, et al. The formation of cerebrospinal fluid xanthochromia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: enzymatic conversion of hemoglobin to bilirubin by the arachnoid and choroid plexus. Neurology 1972; 22: 973–7
  • Kjellin KG, Steiner L. Spectrophotometry of cerebrospinal fluid in subacute and chronic subdural hematomas. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974; 37: 1121–7
  • Provine H, Gardner P. The Gramstained smear and its interpretation. Hosp Pract 1974; 9: 85–91
  • Nankervis GA. Bacterial meningitis. Med Clin North Am 1974: 58: 581–92
  • Feldman WE. Concentrations of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis. J Pediatr 1976: 88: 549–52
  • Feldman WE. Effect of prior antibiotic therapy on concentrations of bacteria in CSF. Am J Dis Child 1978; 132: 672–4
  • Biegeleisen JZ, Mitchell MS, Marcus BB, et al. Immunofluorescence techniques for demonstrating bacterial pathogens associated with cerebrospinal meningitis. I. Clinical evaluation of conjugates on smears prepared directly from cerebrospinal fluid sediments. J Lab Clin Med 1965: 65: 976–89
  • Tugwell P, Greenwood BM, Warrell DA. Pneumococcal meningitis: a clinical and laboratory study. Q J Med 1976; 45: 583–601
  • Selignian SJ. The rapid differential diagnosis of meningitis. Med Clin North Am 1973; 57: 1417–24
  • Feigin RD, Shackelford PG. Value of repeat lumbar puncture in the differential diagnosis of meningitis. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 571–4
  • Swartz MN, Dodge PR. Bacterial meningitis: a review of selected aspects. I. General clinical features, special problems and unusual meningeal reactions mimicking bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 1965: 272: 779–87
  • Gambino SR. Cerebrospinal-fluid sugar. (Letter) N Engl J Med 1965: 273: 1227
  • Fembloom Rl, Alpert JJ. The value of routine glucose determination in spinal fluid without pleocytosis. J Pediatr 1969; 75: 121–3
  • Rytel MW. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis in diagnosis of infectious disease. Hosp Pract 1975: 10: 75–82
  • McCracken GH Jr. Rapid identification of specific etiology in meningitis. J Pediatr 1976: 88: 706–8
  • Leinonen M, Kayhty H. Comparison of counter-current Immunoelectrophoresis, latex agglutination, and radioimmunoassay in detection of soluble capsular polysaccharide antigens of Hemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis of groups A or C. J Clin Pathol 1978; 31: 1172–6
  • Brook I, Bricknell KS, Overturf GD, et al. Measurement of lactic acid in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with infections of the central nervous system. J Infect Dis 1978; 137: 384–90
  • Check W. CSF lactic acid levels an aid to diagnosis. JAMA 1979; 241: 781–4
  • Rosenthal MS. Viral infections of the central nervous system. Med Clin North Am 1974; 58: 593–603
  • Azimi PH, Shaban S, Hilty MD, et al. Mumps meningoencephalitis: prolonged abnormality of cerebrospinal fluid. JAMA 1975; 234: 1161–2
  • Brenton DW. Hypoglycorrhachia in herpes simplex type-2 meningitis. Arch Neurol 1980; 37: 317–8
  • Bernad PG, Szyfelbein WM, Weiss HD, et al. Diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis by cytologic methods: an old technique revisited. Neurology 1980; 30: 102–5
  • Snow RM, Dismukes WE. Cryptococcal meningitis: diagnostic value of cryptococcal antigen in cerebrospinal fluid. Arch Intern Med 1975; 135: 1155–7
  • Henry,2 p 643
  • Black JT. Cerebral candidiasis: case report of brain abscess secondary to Candida albicans, and review of literature. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1970; 33: 864–70
  • Goodman JS, Kaufman L, Koenig MG. Diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis: value of immunologic detection of cryptococcal antigen. N Engl J Med 1971; 285: 434–6

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.