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Original Articles

Chronic pain as a depressive equivalent

Pages 79-90 | Published online: 18 Apr 2016

References

  • Hendler N. Diagnosis and nonsurgical management of chronic pain. New York; Raven Press. 1981
  • Kovacs M, Beck AT. Maladaptive cognitive structures in depression. Am J Psychiatry 1978; 135(5): 525–33
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  • Fox R. Alcoholism and reliance upon drugs as depressive equivalents. Am J Psychother 1967: 21(7): 585–96
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  • Schaffer CB, Donlon PT, Bittle RM. Chronic pain and depression: a clinical and family history survey. Am J Psychiatry 1980: 137(1):118–20
  • de Bertolini C, Magni G, Ferruzza E, et al. Depressive equivalents: a clarification using the Rorschach test. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1982: 65(4):276–82
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  • Lesse S. The multivariant mask of depression. Am J Psychiatry 1968: 124(Suppl 11):35–40
  • Kielholz P. Masked depression: an international symposium. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1974

References

  • Burnum JF. Diagnosis of depression in a general medical practice: observations on “lack of pizzazz,” the “blahs,” and other complaints. Postgrad Med 1982;72(3):71–3:76
  • Melson SJ, Rynearson EK. Unresolved bereavement: medical reenactment of a loved one's terminal illness. Postgrad Med 1982;72(1): 172–9
  • Katon W, Kleinman A, Rosen G. Depression and somatization: a review. Am J Med 1982: 72:127–35
  • Hameroff SR. Cork RC, Scherer K, et al. Doxepin effects on chronic pain, depression, and plasma opioids. J Clin Psychiatry 1982: 43:8(sec 2):22–7

Suggested reading

  • Hendler NH. Diagnosis and non-surgical management of chronic pain. New York: Raven Press, 1981

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