Pleural effusion

References

• Yamada S. Cited in Miserocchi G. Agostoni E. Contents of the pleural space. J Appl Physiol 1971: 30(2): 208–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miserocchi G, Agostoni E. Contents of the pleural space. J Appl Physiol 1971: 30(2): 208–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahn SA. Pleural manifestations of pulmonary disease. Hosp Pract 1981: 16(3): 73–9. 83–5, 89
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohrer F. Cited in Miserocchi, Agostoni1
   Google Scholar
• Kim KJ, Critz AM, Crandall ED. Transport of water and solutes across sheep visceral pleura. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979: 120(4): 883–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinasewitz GT, Fishman AP. Influence of alterations in Starling forces on visceral pleural fluid movement. J Appl Physiol 1981: 51(3): 671–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart PB. The rate of formation and lymphatic removal of fluid in pleural effusions. J Clin Invest 1963: 42(2): 258–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light RW, MacGregor MI, Lnchslnger PC, et al. Pleural effusions: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates. Ann Intern Med 1972: 77(0ct): 507–13
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Light RW, MacGregor MI, Ball WC Jr, et al. Diagnostic significance of pleural fluid pH and PCO2. Chest 1973: 64(5): 591–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light RW, Girard WM, Jenkinson SG, et al. Parapneumonic effusions. Am J Med 1980: 69(4): 507–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halla JT, Schrohenloher RE, Volanakis JE. Immune complexes and other laboratory features of pleural effusions: a comparison of rheumatoid arthritis. systemic lupus erythematosus, and other diseases. Ann Intern Med 1980: 92(6): 748–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettersson T, Klockars M, Hellström PE. Chemical and immunological features of pleural effusions: comparison between rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. Thorax 1982: 37(5): 354–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahn SA, Collins DD. Pleural fluid acidosis and diaphragmatic hernia. (Letter) Ann Intern Med 1982: 96(3): 380–1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potts DE, Taryle DA, Sahn SA. The glucose-pH relationship in parapneumonic effusions. Arch intern Med 1978: 138(9): 1378–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sahn SA. When cancer patients develop pleural effusions. J Respir Dis 1981: 2(Jan): 53–63
   Google Scholar
• Faegler JR, Sorenson GD. Rosenfeld MG, et al. Rheumatoid pleural effusion. Arch Pathol 1971: 92(Oct): 257–66
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Light RW, Erozan TS, Ball WC Jr. Cells in pleural fluid: their value in differential diagnosis. Arch Intern Med 1973: 132(Dec): 854–60
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boddington MM, Spriggs AI, Morton JA, et al. Cytodiagnosis of rheumatoid pleural effusions. J Clin Pathol 1971: 24(Mar): 95–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettersson T, Riska H. Diagnostic value of total and differential leukocyte counts in pleural effusions. Acta Med Scand 1981: 210(1–2): 129–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berger HW, Mejia E. Tuberculous pleurisy. Chest 1973: 63(Jan): 88–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salyer WR, Eggleston JC, Erozan YS. Efficacy of pleural needle biopsy and pleural fluid cytopathology in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasm involving the pleura. Chest 1975: 67(5): 536–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitaker D, Sterrett GF, Shilkin KB. Detection of tissue CEA-like substance as an aid in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Pathology 1982: 14(3): 255–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corson JM, Pinkus GS. Mesothelioma: profile of keratin proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen: an immunoperoxidase study of 20 cases and comparison with pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Am J Pathol 1982: 108(1): 80–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aral H, Endo M, Sasal Y, et al. Histochemical demonstration of hyaluronic acid in a case of pleural mesothelioma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975: 111(5): 699–702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harington JS, Wagner JC, Smith M. The detection of hyaluronic acid in pleural fluids of cases with diffuse pleural mesotheliomas. Br J Exp Pathol 1963: 44(Feb): 81–3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spriggs AI, Vanhegan RI. Cytological diagnosis of lymphoma in serous effusions. J Clin Pathol 1981: 34(12): 1311–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falor WH, Ward RM, Brezler MR. Diagnosis of pleural effusions by chromosome analysis. Chest 1982: 81(2): 193–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Vea A, Gatell JM, Segura F, et al. Diagnostic value of tumoral markers in serous effusions: carcinoembryonicantigen. alpha 1-acidglycoprotein. alpha-fetoprotein, phosphohexose isomerase, and beta 2-microglobulin. Cancer 1982: 50(9): 1783–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To A, Coleman DV, Dearnaley DP, et al. Use of antlsera to epithelial membrane antigen for the cytodiagnosis of malignancy in serous effusions. J Clin Pathol 1981: 34(12): 1326–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viadutio AO, Brason FW, Adler RH. Differential diagnosis of pleural effusions: clinical usefulness of cell marker quantitation. Chest 1981: 79(3): 297–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asseo PP, Tracopoulos GD. Orosomucold, alpha 2-macroglobulin and immunoglobulins in serum and pleural effusions. Am J Clin Pathol 1981: 76(4): 437–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall JB. Pancreatic ascites and pleural effusions. Nebr Med J 1982: 67(9): 252–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Manlitz RM, Good JT Jr, Kaplan RL, et al. The pleuropulmonary consequences of esophageal rupture: an experimental model. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979: 120(2): 363–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro R, Dropkin R, Finkelstein J, et al. Ovarian carcinomatosis presenting with hyperamylasemia and pieural effusion. Am J Gastroenterol 1981: 76(4): 365–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asseo PP, Tracopoulos GD, Kotsovoulou-Fouskaki V. Lysozyme (muramidase) in pleural effusions and serum. Am J Clin Pathol 1982: 78(5): 763–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klockars M, Pettersson T, Riska H, et al. Pleural fluid lysozyme in tuberculous and non-tuberculous pleurisy. Br Med J 1976: 1(6002): 1381
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riska H, Pettersson T, Froseth B, et al. Beta 2 microglobulin in pleural effusions. Acta Med Scand 1982: 21 1(1–2): 45–50
   Google Scholar
• Raja OG, Lalor AJ. Modification to the technique of percutaneous pleural biopsy using Abrams' needle. Br J Dis Chest 1980: 74(3): 285–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson JP. A modification of the Abrams' pleural biopsy punch. Br J Dis Chest 1981: 75(4): 408
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deluccia VC, Reyes EC. Percutaneous needle biopsy of parietal pleura: analysis of 50 cases. NY State J Med 1977: 77(13): 2058–61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mungall IP, Cowen PN, Cooke NT. et al. Multiple pleural biopsy with the Abrams' needle. Thorax 1980: 35(8): 600–2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scerbo J, Keltz H, Stone DJ. A prospective study of closed pleural biopsies. JAMA 1971: 218(Oct): 377–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scharer L, McClement JH. Isolation of tubercle bacilli from needle biopsy specimens of parietal pleura. Am Rev Respir Dis 1968: 97(Mar): 466–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levine H, Metzger W, Lacera D, et al. Diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy by culture of pleural biopsy specimen. Arch Intern Med 1970: 126(Aug): 269–71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sahn SA, Taryle DA, Good JT Jr. Experimental empyema: time course and pathogenesis of pleural fluid acidosis and low pleural fluid glucose. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979: 120(2): 355–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landay MJ, Christensen EE, Bynum LJ, et al. Anaerobic pleural and pulmonary infections. AJR 1980: 134(2): 233–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen SD, Siders JA. An approach to the diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections. Clin Lab Med 1982: 2(2): 285–303
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Varkey B, Rose HD, Kutty CP, et al. Empyema thoracis during a ten-year period: analysis of 72 cases and comparison to a previous study (1952 to 1967). Arch Intern Med 1981: 141(Dec): 1771–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davis WC, Johnson LF. Adult thoracic empyema revisited. Am Surg 1978: 44(6): 362–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaul TK, Bain WH, Turner MA, et al. Chylothorax: report of a case complicating ductus ligation through a median sternotomy, and review. Thorax 1976: 31(5): 610–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babbitt DP, Sty JR, Glicklich M, et al. A precise technique to localize pulmonary-pleural air leaks. Radiology 1982: 144(2): 412–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baber CE, Hedlund LW, Oddson TA, et al. Differentiating empyemas and peripheral pulmonary abscesses: the value of computed tomography. Radiology 1980: 135(Jun): 755–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ellis JH, Sequeira FW, Weber TR, et al. Balloon catheter occlusion of bronchopleural fistulae. AJR 1982: 138(1): 157–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lillington GA, Stevens RP, DeNardo GL. Bronchoscopic location of bronchopleural fistula with xenon-133. J Nucl Med 1982: 23(4): 322–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandweiss DA, Hanson JC, Gosink BB, et al. Ultrasound in diagnosis, localization and treatment of loculated pleural empyema. Ann intern Med 1975: 82(1): 50–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bower GC. Chylothorax: observations in 20 cases. Dis Chest 1964: 46(Oct): 464–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Staats BA, Ellefson RD, Budahn LL, et al. The lipoprotein profile of chylous and nonchylous pleural effusions. Mayo Clin Proc 1980: 55(11): 700–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seriff N, Cohen ML, Samuel P, et al. Chylothorax: diagnosis by lipoprotein electrophoresis of serum and pleural fluid. Thorax 1977: 32(1): 98–100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Good JT Jr, Sahn SA. Intrapleural therapy with tetracycline in malignant pleural effusions: the importance of proper technique. (Letter) Chest 1978: 74(5): 602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar