References
- Arroyo V, Ginés P, Planas R, et al. Management of patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Semin Liver Dis 1986: 6(4): 353–69
- Arroyo V, Ginés P, Rodés J. Treatment of ascites in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol 1986: 2(3): 504–12
- Hoefs JC, Runyon BA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Dis Mon 1985: 31(9): 1–48
- Cooper K, Bennett WM. Nephrotoxicity of common drugs used in clinical practice. Arch Intern Med 1987: 147(7): 1213–8
- Arroyo V, Badalamenti S, Ginés P. Refractory ascites: definition and mechanism. Minerva Med 1987: 78(10): 675–80
- Shear L, Ching S, Gabuzda GJ. Compartmentalization of ascites and edema in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1970: 282(25): 1391–6
- Pockros PJ, Reynolds TB. Rapid diuresis in patients with ascites from chronic liver disease: the importance of peripheral edema. Gastroenterology 1986: 90(6): 1827–33
- Ring-Larsen H, Henriksen JH, Wilken C, et al. Diuretic treatment in decompensated cirrhosis and congestive heart failure: effect of posture. BMJ 1986: 292(6532): 1351–3
- Boyer TD, Warnock DG. Use of diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites. (Editorial) Gastroenterology 1983: 84(5 Pt l): 1051–5
- Campra JL, Reynolds TB. Effectiveness of high-dose spironolactone therapy in patients with chronic liver disease and relatively refractory ascites. Am J Dig Dis 1978: 23(11): 1025–30
- Pérez-Ayuso RM, Arroyo V, Planas R, et al. Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus spironolactone in non-azotemic cirrhosis with ascites: relationship between the diuretic response and the activity of the renin-aldosterone system. Gastroenterology 1983: 84(5 Pt 1): 961–8
- Pinzani M, Daskalopoulos G, Laffi G, et al. Altered furosemide pharmacokinetics in chronic alcoholic liver disease with ascites contributes to diuretic resistance. Gastroenterology 1987: 92(2): 294–8
- Sarin SK, Sachdev G, Mishra SP, et al. Bumetanide, spironolactone and a combination of the two, in the treatment of ascites due to liver disease: a prospective, controlled, randomized trial. Digestion 1988: 41(2): 101–7
- Amra S, Elie R, Kronborg I. Factors that determine refractoriness of ascites to conventional therapy. Can Med Assoc J 1986: 135(5): 481–6
- Epstein M, Lepp BA, Hoffman DS, et al. Potentiation of furosemide by metolazone in refractory edema. Curr Ther Res 1977: 21(5): 656–67
- Reynolds TB. Renaissance of paracentesis in the treatment of ascites. Adv Intern Med 1990: 35: 365–74
- Ginés P, Arroyo V, Quintero E, et al. Comparison ol paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites: results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology 1987: 93(2): 234–41
- Ginés P, Titó L, Arroyo V, et al. Randomized comparative study of therapeutic paracentesis with and without intravenous albumin in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1988: 94(6): 1493–502
- Titó L, Ginés P, Arroyo V, et al. Total paracentesis associated with intravenous albumin management of patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Gastroenterology 1990: 98(1): 146–51
- Planas R, Ginés P, Arroyo V, et al. Dextran-70 versus albumin as plasma expanders in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites treated with total paracentesis: results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology 1990: 99(6): 1736–44
- Llach J, Ginés P, Arroyo V, et al. Prognostic value of arterial pressure, endogenous vasoactive systems, and renal function in cirrhotic patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of ascites. Gastroenterology 1988: 94(2): 482–7
- Smart HL, Triger DR. A randomised prospective trial comparing daily paracentesis and intravenous albumin with recirculation in diuretic refractory ascites. J Hepatol 1990: 10(2): 191–7
- Belle SH, Beringer KC, Murphy JB, et al. Liver transplantation in the United States: 1988 to 1990. In: Terasaki P, ed. Clinical transplants 1991. Los Angeles: UCIA Tissue Typing Laboratory, 1992: 13–29
- Franco D, Vons C, Traynor O, et al. Should portosystemic shunt be reconsidered in the treatment of intractable ascites in cirrhosis? Arch Surg 1988: 123(8): 987–91
- Ring EJ, Lake JR, Roberts JP, et al. Using transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts to control variceal bleeding before liver transplantation. Ann Intern Med 1992: 116(4): 304–9
- LeVeen HH, Christoudias G, Ip M, et al. Peritoneo-venous shunting for ascites. Ann Surg 1974: 180(4): 580–91
- Moskovitz M. The peritoneovenous shunt: expectations and reality. Am J Gastroenterol 1990: 85(8): 917–29
- Scholz DG, Nagorney DM, Lindor KD. Poor outcome from peritoneovenous shunts for refractory ascites. Am J Gastroenterol 1989: 84(5): 540–3