6
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS

Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic state

Gaining control over extreme hyperglycemic complications

Pages 143-152 | Published online: 05 Dec 2017

Reference

  • Osler W. The principles and practice of medicine: designed for the use of practitioners and students of medicine. New York: Appleton & Co, 1892
  • Israel RS. Diabetic ketoacidosis. Emerg Med Clin North Am 1989; 7(4): 859–71
  • Hamblin PS, Topliss DJ, Chosich N, et al. Deaths associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma, 1973–1988. MedJAust 1989; 151(8): 439–44
  • Kitabchi AE, Murphy MB. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma. Med Clin North Am 1988; 72(6): 1545–63
  • Geiss LS, Herman WH, Goldschmid MG, et al. Surveillance for diabetes mellitus—United States, 1980–1989. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 1993; 42(2): 1–20
  • Wetterhall SF, Olson DR, DeStefimo F, et al. Trends in diabetes and diabetic complications, 1980–1987. Diabetes Care 1992: 15(8): 960–7
  • American Diabetes Association. Hospital admission guidelines for diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1996; 19(Suppl 1): S37
  • Robertson RP. Defective insulin secretion in NIDDM: integral part of a multiplier hypothesis. J Cell Biochem 1992; 48(3): 227–33
  • Ennis ED, Stahl EJ, Kreisberg RA. The hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Diabetes Rev 1994: 2(1): 115–26
  • Wachtel TJ, Tetu-Mouradjian LM, Goldman DL, et al. Hyperosmolarity and acidosis in diabetes mellitus: a three-year experience in Rhode Island. J Gen Intern Med 1991: 6(6): 495–502
  • Kitabchi AE, Wall BM. Diabetic ketoacidosis. Med Clin North Am 1995; 79(1): 9–37
  • DeFronzo RA, Matsuda M, Barrett EJ. Diabetic ketoacidosis: a combined metabolic-nephrologic approach to therapy. Diabetic Rev 1994; 2(2): 209–38
  • Schreiber M, Kamel KS, Cheema-Dhadli S, et al. Ketoacidosis: emphasis on acid-base aspects. Diabetes Rev 1994; 2(1): 98–114
  • Wachtel TJ. The diabetic hyperosmolar state. Clin Geriatr Med 1990; 6(4): 797–806
  • Wright AD, Hale PJ, Singh BM, et al. Changing sex ratio in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabet Med 1990; 7(7): 628–32
  • Lorber D. Nonketotic hypertonicity in diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am 1995; 79(1): 39–52
  • Pope DW, Dansky D. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma. Emerg Med Clin North Am 1989; 7(4): 849–57
  • Luzi L, Barrett EJ, Groop LC, et al. Metabolic effects of low-dose insulin therapy on glucose metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes 1988; 37(ll): l470–7
  • Winegrad AI, Kern EF, Simmons DA. Cerebral edema in diabetic ketoacidosis. (Editorial) N Engl J Med 1985; 312(18): 1184–5
  • Levine SN, Sanson TH. Treatment of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrom e. Drugs 1989: 38(3): 462–72
  • Lipsky MS. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis. Am Fam Physician 1994; 49(7): 1607–12

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.