Psychometric properties of the Clarke questionnaire for hypoglycemia awareness in the Spanish population with type 2 diabetes

References

• Ratner RE. Hypoglycemia: new definitions and regulatory implications. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2018Jun;20(S2):S250–S253. Epub 2018 Jun 6. PMID: 29873525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales J, Schneider D. Hypoglycemia. Am J Med. 2014Oct;127(4):S17–24. PMID: 25282009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín-Vaquero P, Martínez-Brocca MA, García-López JM, Grupo de Trabajo de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Sociedad Española; Grupo de Diabetes de la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición and Sociedad Española de Endocrinología Pediátrica. Position statement on efficiency of technologies for diabetes management. Endocrinol Nutr. 2014 Dec;61(10):e45–63. English, Spanish. PMID: 25453400.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keller-Senn A, Lee G, Imhof L, et al. Hypoglycaemia and brief interventions in the emergency department - A systematic review. Int Emerg Nurs. 2017;34:43–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanz-Almazán M, Montero-Carretero T, Sánchez-Ramón S, et al. Estudio descriptivo de las complicaciones agudas diabéticas atendidas en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario [Acute diabetic complications attended in a hospital emergency department: a descriptive analysis]. Emergencias. 2017;29(4):245‐248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pathak RD, Schroeder EB, Seaquist ER, et al. Severe hypoglycemia requiring medical intervention in a large cohort of adults with diabetes receiving care in U.S. integrated health care delivery systems: 2005-2011. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(3):363–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khunti K, Alsifri S, Aronson R, et al. Rates and predictors of hypoglycaemia in 27 585 people from 24 countries with insulin-treated type 1 and type 2 diabetes: the global HAT study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016;18(9):907–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cersosimo E, Solis-Herrera C, Trautmann ME, et al. Assessment of pancreatic β-cell function: review of methods and clinical applications. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2014;10(1):2–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. 6. Glycemic targets: standards of medical care in diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(Suppl 1):S66–S76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín-Timón I, Del Cañizo-Gómez FJ. Mecanismos de desconocimiento de la hipoglucemia e implicaciones en pacientes diabéticos. Diabetes Mundial J. 10 de julio de 2015;6(7):912–926. PMID: 26185599; PMCID: PMC4499525.
   Google Scholar
• Yeoh E, Choudhary P, Nwokolo M, et al. Interventions that restore awareness of hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2015 Aug;38(8):1592–1609. PMID: 26207053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehlaut RR, Dogbey GY, Schwartz FL, et al. Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes–more common than you think: a continuous glucose monitoring study. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015 Apr 27;9(5):999–1005. PMID: 25917335; PMCID: PMC4667336.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martín-Timón I, Del Cañizo-Gómez FJ. Mechanisms of hypoglycemia unawareness and implications in diabetic patients. World J Diabetes. 2015 Jul 10;6(7):912–926. PMID: 26185599; PMCID: PMC4499525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in diabetes. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;117:295–307. PMID: 24095133.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clarke WL, Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick LA, et al. Reduced awareness of hypoglycemia in adults with IDDM. A prospective study of hypoglycemic frequency and associated symptoms. Diabetes Care. 1995;18(4):517–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansa M, Quirós C, Giménez M, et al. Análisis psicométrico de las versiones en lengua castellana y catalana de un cuestionario de percepción de la hipoglucemia [Psychometric analysis of the Spanish and Catalan versions of a questionnaire for hypoglycemia awareness]. Med Clin (Barc). 2015;144(10):440–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delgado Olivencia EM. Implementación del test de Clarke como método de screening en la consulta para detectar hipoglucemias Inadvertidas [Implementation of the Clarke test as a screening method in the consultation to detect inadvertent hypoglycemia]. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2019;66(Espec Cong 1):125.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez Cordeiro M, Tenorio Salgueiro L, Guisado-Barral B, et al. Evaluación del uso del test de clarke para la detección de hipoglucemias en pacientes con diabetes que acuden a la farmacia comunitaria [Evaluation of the use of the clarke test for the detection of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes who come to the community pharmacy]. Farmacéuticos Comunitarios. 2020 Apr 16; 12( Supl 1. Congreso Semergen SEFAC):44
   Google Scholar
• Lorenzo-Seva U, Ferrando PJ. FACTOR 9.2. A comprehensive program for fitting exploratory and semiconfirmatory FACTOR analysis and IRT models. Appl Psychol Meas. 2013;37:497–498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Browne MV, Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociol Meth Res. 1992;21:230–258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrando PJ, Lorenzo-Seva U. Assessing the quality and appropriateness of factor solutions and factor score estimates in exploratory item factor analysis. Educ Psychol Meas. 2018;78(5):762–780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosseel Y. Lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling. J Stat Softw. 2012;48(2):1–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulaik SA, James LR, Alstine JV, et al. Evaluation of goodness of fit indices for structural equation models. Psychol Bull. 1989;105:430–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacCallum RC, Browne MW, Sugawara HM. Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychol Methods. 1996;1:130–149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello AB, Osborne J. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Pract Assess Res Eval. 10, Article 7. [cited Nov 14, 2011]. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/pare/vol10/iss1/7
   Google Scholar
• Alkhatatbeh MJ, Abdalqader NA, Alqudah MAY. Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2019;15(5):407–413. PMID: 30081789.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gold AE, MacLeod KM, Frier BM. Frequency of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type I diabetes with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care. 1994;17(7):697–703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu L, Ang LC, Tan WB, et al. A study to evaluate the prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 2 diabetes in outpatient clinic in a tertiary care centre in Singapore. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2017;8(5):69–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bron M, Marynchenko M, Yang H. Hypoglycemia, treatment discontinuation, and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral antidiabetic drugs. Postgrad Med. 2012;124(1):124–132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis SN, Duckworth W, Emanuele N, et al. Effects of severe hypoglycemia on cardiovascular outcomes and death in the veterans affairs diabetes trial. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(1):157–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieber TR, Marso SP, McGuire DK, et al. DEVOTE 3: temporal relationships between severe hypoglycaemia, cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Diabetologia. 2018;61(1):58–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann MA, Nelson DR, Kaushik P, et al. Hypoglycemia emergencies: factors associated with prehospital care, transportation status, emergency department disposition, and cost. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2019;23(4):453–464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speight J, Barendse SM, Singh H, et al. Characterizing problematic hypoglycaemia: iterative design and preliminary psychometric validation of the Hypoglycaemia Awareness Questionnaire (HypoA-Q). Diabet Med. 2016;33(3):376–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar