Possible cardiovascular risks of white coat hypertension: updated

References

• Bloomfield DA, Park A. Decoding white coat hypertension. World J Clin Cases. 2017;5(3):82–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Bertinieri G, Grassi G, et al. Effects of blood pressure measurement by the doctor on patient’s blood pressure and heart rate. Lancet. 1983;11(8352):695–698. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92244-4
   Google Scholar
• Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(19):2199–2269. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, et al. ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(33):3021–3104. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin SS, Thjis L, TW H, et al. White-coat hypertension. New insights from recent studies. Hypertension. 2013;62(6):982–987. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• la Sierra A D, Vinyoles E, Banegas JR, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of white-coat hypertension based on different definition criteria in untreated and treated patients. J Hypertens. 2017;35(12):2388–2394. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001493
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feitosa ADM, Mota-Gomes MA, Barroso WS, et al. Relationship between office isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension and white-coat hypertension across the age spectrum: a home blood pressure study. J Hypertens. 2020;38(4):663–670. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrysant SG. Treatment of white coat hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2000;2(4):412–417.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verdecchia P, Porcelatti C, Schillaci G, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure. An independent predictor of prognosis in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1994;24(6):793–801. DOI:10.1161/01.HYP.24.6.793
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kario K, Shimada K, Schwartz JE, et al. Silent and clinically overt stroke in older Japanese subjects with-white coat and sustained hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(1):238–245. DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01325-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohkubo T, Kikuya M, Metoki H, et al. Prognosis of “masked” hypertension and “white-coat” hypertension detected by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(3):508–515. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.03.070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Cuccurullo F. Prognostic value of white-coat and masked hypertension diagnosed by ambulatory monitoring in initially untreated subjects: an updated meta-analysis. Am J Hypertens. 2011;24(1):52–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuhara M, Arima H, Ninimiya T, et al. White-coat and masked hypertension are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in the general population. The Hisayama study. Circulation. 2013;44(6):1512–1517. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadic M, Cuspidi C, Ivanovic B, et al. The impact of white-coat hypertension on cardiac mechanics. J Clin Hypertens. 2016;18(7):617–622. DOI:10.1111/jch.12826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briasoulis A, Androulakis E, Palla M, et al. White-coat hypertension and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2016;34(4):593–599. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000832
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stergiou GS, Asayama K, Thijs L, et al. Prognosis of white-coat and masked hypertension. International database of home blood pressure in relation to cardiovascular outcomes. Hypertension. 2014;663(4):675–682. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02741
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tientcheu D, Ayers C, Das SR, et al. Target organ complications and cardiovascular events associated with masked hypertension and white coat hypertension: analysis from the Dallas Heart Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;66(20):2159–2169. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin SS, Thijs L, Asayama K, et al. The cardiovascular risk of white-coat hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(19):2033–2043. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.08.035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Huang W, Mai W, et al. White-coat hypertension is a risk for cardiovascular diseases and total mortality. J Hypertens. 2017;35(4):677–688. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen JB, Lotito MJ, Trivedi UK, et al. Cardiovascular events and mortality in white coat hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2019;170(12):853–862. DOI:10.7326/M19-0223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faria J, Mesquita Bastos J, Bertoquini S, et al. Long-term risk progression to sustained hypertension in white-coat hypertension with normal nighttime blood pressure values. Int J Hypertens. 2020;2020:88175445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson MAK, Ostgren CJ, Engvall J, et al. Relationships between cardiovascular risk factors and white-coat hypertension diagnosed by home blood pressure recordings in a middle-aged population. J Hypertens. 2021;39(10):2009–2014. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Yuan Y, Gou Q, et al. Nighttime mean arterial pressure is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in white-coat hypertension. J Clin Hypertens. 2022;24(8):1035–1043. DOI:10.1111/jch.14530
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Hachette R, Vanoli J, et al. White-coat hypertension without organ damage: impact of long-term mortality, new hypertension, and new organ damage. Hypertension. 2022;79(5):1057–1066. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grassi G, Turri C, Vailati S, et al. Muscle and skin sympathetic nerve traffic during the “white-coat” effect. Circulation. 1999;100:222–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith PA, Graham LN, Mackintosh AF, et al. Sympathetic neural mechanisms in white-coat hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40(1):126–132. DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01931-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabeta I, Ueshiba H, Ichijo T, et al. The corticotrophin-releasing hormone stimulation test in white coat hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3672–3675. DOI:10.1210/jcem.87.8.8704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuredini G, Saunders A, Rajkumar C, et al. Current status of white coat hypertension: where are we are? Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;14:1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Stergiou GS, Pallatini P, Parati G, et al. European Society of Hypertension practice guidelines for office and out-of-office blood pressure measurement. J Hypertens. 2021;39(7):1293–1302. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuspidi C, Tadic M, Sala C, et al. Targeting white coat hypertension: is the daytime enough? Am J Hypertens. 2020;33:703–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mule G, Cottone S. How common is isolated nocturnal hypertension? J Hypertens. 2020;38:400–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khattar RS, Senior R, Lahiri A. Cardiovascular outcome in white-coat versus sustained hypertension: a 10-year follow-up study. Circulation. 1998;98:1982–1987.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Facchetti R, Bombelli M, et al. Long-term risk of mortality associated with selective and combined elevation of office, home, and ambulatory blood pressure. Hypertension. 2006;47:846–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Bombelli M, Facchetti R, et al. Long-term risk of sustained hypertension in white-coat or masked hypertension. Hypertension. 2009;54:226–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, et al. Task force members, 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European society of cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2013;31:1281–1357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Bombelli M, Brambilla G, et al. Long-term prognostic value of white-coat hypertension: an insight from diagnostic use of both ambulatory and home blood pressure measurements. Hypertension. 2013;62:168–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Facchetti R, Parati G, et al. Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on white-coat hypertension. Hypertension. 2014;64:1388–1398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Facchetti R, Grassi G, et al. Adverse prognostic value of persistent office blood pressure elevation in white-coat hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;66:437–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Facchetti R, Bombelli M, et al. White-coat hypertension: pathophysiological and clinical aspects: excellence award for hypertension research 2020. Hypertension. 2021;78:1677–1688.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin SS, Thijs L, Hansen TW. Significance of white-coat hypertension in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension: a meta-analysis using the international database on ambulatory blood pressure to cardiovascular outcomes population. Hypertension. 2012;59:564–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulpitt CJ, Beckett N, Peters R, et al. Does white coat hypertension require treatment over the age 80?: results of the hypertension in the very elderly trial ambulatory blood pressure side project. Hypertension. 2013;61:89–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becket NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, et al. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1887–1898.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aprahamian I, Sassaki E, dos Santos MF, et al. Hypertension and frailty in older adults. J Clin Hypertens. 2018;20:186–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pansini A, Lombardi A, Morgante M, et al. Hyperglycemia and physical impairment in frail hypertensive older adults. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:831556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asayama K, Li Y, Franklin S, et al. Cardiovascular risk associated with white-coat hypertension. Con side of the argument. Hypertension. 2017;70:676–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrysant SG. Relatability of blood pressure monitoring with wearable cuffless devices. Am J Cardiol. 2022;169:145–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar