Gallbladder cancer: surgical treatment, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy

References

• Storandt MH, Tella SH, Wieczorek MA, et al. Projected incidence of hepatobiliary cancers and trends based on Age, race, and gender in the United States. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(4). doi: 10.3390/cancers16040684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hundal R, Shaffer EA. Gallbladder cancer: epidemiology and outcome. Clin Epidemiol. 2014;6:99–109. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S37357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma A, Sharma KL, Gupta A, et al. Gallbladder cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics: recent update. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23(22):3978–3998. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i22.3978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roa JC, García P, Kapoor VK, et al. Gallbladder cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2022;8(1):69. doi: 10.1038/s41572-022-00398-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luketich JD, Pennathur A, Awais O, et al. Outcomes after minimally invasive esophagectomy: review of over 1000 patients. Ann Surg. 2012;256(1):95–103. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182590603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiayi W, Shelat VG. Robot-assisted radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer: a review. J Clin Trans Res. 2022;8(2):103–109.
   Google Scholar
• Lim ZY, Mohan S, Balasubramaniam S, et al. Indocyanine green dye and its application in gastrointestinal surgery: The future is bright green. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2023;15(9):1841–1857. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i9.1841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzo A, Brandi G. Neoadjuvant therapy for cholangiocarcinoma: a comprehensive literature review. Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2021;27:100354. doi: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100354
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rizzo A, Brandi G. Pitfalls, challenges, and updates in adjuvant systemic treatment for resected biliary tract cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;15(5):547–554. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1890031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayoux M, Roller A, Pulko V, et al. Dendritic cells dictate responses to PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy. Sci Transl Med. 2020;12(534):12(534. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav7431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dall’olio FG, Rizzo A, Mollica V, et al. Immortal time bias in the association between toxicity and response for immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis. Immunotherapy. 2021;13(3):257–270. doi: 10.2217/imt-2020-0179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mollica V, Rizzo A, Marchetti A, et al. The impact of ECOG performance status on efficacy of immunotherapy and immune-based combinations in cancer patients: the MOUSEION-06 study. Clin Exp Med. 2023;23(8):5039–5049. doi: 10.1007/s10238-023-01159-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirai Y, Yoshida K, Tsukada K, et al. Identification of the regional lymphatic system of the gallbladder by vital staining. Br J Surg. 1992;79(7):659–662. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800790721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gulwani HV, Gupta S, Kaur S. Squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinoma of gall bladder: a clinicopathological study of 8 cases isolated in 94 cancers. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2017;8(4):560–566. doi: 10.1007/s13193-017-0665-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Teng TZJ, Chua BQY, Shelat VG. Carcinosarcoma of gallbladder: a world review. World J Clin Oncol. 2021;12(12):1244–1263. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i12.1244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah KS, Shelat VG, Jogai S, et al. Primary gallbladder lymphoma presenting with perforated cholecystitis and hyperamylasaemia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2016;98(2):13–15. doi: 10.1308/rcsann.2016.0001
   Google Scholar
• Koo JGA, Tham HY, Toh EQ, et al. Mirizzi Syndrome—The Past, Present, and Future. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;60(1):12. doi: 10.3390/medicina60010012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akkurt G, Birben B, Coban S, et al. Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer: two diseases with difficult differential diagnoses. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2021;32(8):694–701. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2021.201006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan R, Shelat VG, Junnarkar SP. Large gallstone initially diagnosed as porcelain gallbladder with malignant change. Postgrad Med J. 2022;98(e1):e60. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan KS, Shelat VG, Tan CH, et al. Isolated gallbladder tuberculosis mimicking acute cholecystitis: a case report. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2020;12(3):123–128. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i3.123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge SB, et al. The eighth edition AJCC cancer staging manual: continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more “personalized” approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(2):93–99. doi: 10.3322/caac.21388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fong Y, Wagman L, Gonen M, et al. Evidence-based gallbladder cancer staging: changing cancer staging by analysis of data from the national cancer database. Ann Surg. 2006;243(6):767–771. doi: 10.1097/01.sla.0000219737.81943.4e discussion 771-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee W, Jeong C-Y, Jang JY, et al. Do hepatic-sided tumors require more extensive resection than peritoneal-sided tumors in patients with T2 gallbladder cancer? Results of a retrospective multicenter study. Surgery. 2017;162(3):515–524. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.05.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butte JM, Matsuo K, Gönen M, et al. Gallbladder cancer: differences in presentation, surgical treatment, and survival in patients treated at centers in three countries. J Am Coll Surg. 2011;212(1):50–61. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.09.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Hondt M, Lapointe R, Benamira Z, et al. Carcinoma of the gallbladder: patterns of presentation, prognostic factors and survival rate. An 11-year single centre experience. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2013;39(6):548–553. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2013.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuks D, Regimbeau JM, Le Treut Y-P, et al. Incidental gallbladder cancer by the AFC-GBC-2009 study group. World J Surg. 2011;35(8):1887–1897. doi: 10.1007/s00268-011-1134-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regimbeau JM, Fuks D, Bachellier P, et al. Prognostic value of jaundice in patients with gallbladder cancer by the AFC-GBC-2009 study group. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011;37(6):505–512. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2011.03.135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins WG, DeMatteo RP, Jarnagin WR, et al. Jaundice predicts advanced disease and early mortality in patients with gallbladder cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2004;11(3):310–315. doi: 10.1245/ASO.2004.03.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito H, Hann LE, D’Angelica M, et al. Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder: diagnosis and followup. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;208(4):570–575. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.01.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JY, Hong SP, Kim YJ, et al. Long-term follow up of gallbladder polyps. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;24(2):219–222. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05689.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon W, Jang J-Y, Lee SE, et al. Clinicopathologic features of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder and risk factors of gallbladder cancer. J Korean Med Sci. 2009;24(3):481–487. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2009.24.3.481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim KPK, Lee AJL, Jiang X, et al. The link between Helicobacter pylori infection and gallbladder and biliary tract diseases: a review. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2023;27(3):241–250. doi: 10.14701/ahbps.22-056
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sheth S, Bedford A, Chopra S. Primary gallbladder cancer: recognition of risk factors and the role of prophylactic cholecystectomy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95(6):1402–1410. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.02070.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee T, Teng TZJ, Shelat VG. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 - tumor marker: Past, present, and future. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2020;12(12):468–490. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i12.468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy C, Lymp J, Angulo P, et al. The value of serum CA 19-9 in predicting cholangiocarcinomas in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50(9):1734–1740. doi: 10.1007/s10620-005-2927-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agrawal S, Lawrence A, Saxena R. Does CA 19-9 Have Prognostic Relevance in Gallbladder Carcinoma (GBC)? J Gastrointest Cancer. 2018;49(2):144–149. doi: 10.1007/s12029-016-9914-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gupta P, Dutta U, Rana P, et al. Gallbladder reporting and data system (GB-RADS) for risk stratification of gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasonography: an international expert consensus. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2022;47(2):554–565. doi: 10.1007/s00261-021-03360-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butte JM, Redondo F, Waugh E, et al. The role of PET-CT in patients with incidental gallbladder cancer. HPB (Oxford). 2009;11(7):585–591. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2009.00104.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butte JM, Gönen M, Allen PJ, et al. The role of laparoscopic staging in patients with incidental gallbladder cancer. HPB (Oxford). 2011;13(7):463–472. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00325.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson JTT, Jin LX, Krasnick B, et al. Staging laparoscopy among three subtypes of extra-hepatic biliary malignancy: a 15-year experience from 10 institutions. J Surg Oncol. 2019;119(3):288–294. doi: 10.1002/jso.25323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung U, Pandit-Taskar N, Corvera CU, et al. Impact of pre-operative positron emission tomography in gallbladder cancer. HPB (Oxford). 2014;16(11):1023–1030. doi: 10.1111/hpb.12282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen M, Cao J, Xiang Y, et al. Hepatectomy strategy for T2 gallbladder cancer between segment IVb and V resection and wedge resection: a propensity score-matched study. Surgery. 2021;169(6):1304–1311. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.12.039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Savornin Lohman EAJ, van der Geest LG, de Bitter TJJ, et al. Re-resection in incidental gallbladder cancer: survival and the incidence of residual disease. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27(4):1132–1142. doi: 10.1245/s10434-019-08074-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ethun CG, Postlewait LM, Le N, et al. Association of Optimal Time Interval to Re-resection for incidental gallbladder cancer with overall survival: a multi-institution analysis from the US extrahepatic biliary malignancy consortium. JAMA Surg. 2017;152(2):143–149. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.3642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patkar S, Patel S, Gupta A, et al. Revision surgery for incidental gallbladder cancer—challenging the dogma: ideal timing and real-world applicability. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021;28(11):6758–6766. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-09687-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barreto SG, Pawar S, Shah S, et al. Patterns of failure and determinants of outcomes following radical re-resection for incidental gallbladder cancer. World J Surg. 2014;38(2):484–489. doi: 10.1007/s00268-013-2266-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He S, Yu T, Khadaroo PA, et al. A comparison between the prognosis of simultaneous and salvage radical resection in incidental gallbladder cancer. Cancer Manag Res. 2020;12:13469–13478. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S286292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You DD, Lee HG, Paik KY, et al. What is an adequate extent of resection for T1 gallbladder cancers? Ann Surg. 2008;247(5):835–838. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181675842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlik TM, Gleisner AL, Vigano L, et al. Incidence of finding residual disease for incidental gallbladder carcinoma: implications for re-resection. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11(11):1478–1487. doi: 10.1007/s11605-007-0309-6 discussion 1486-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramson MA, Pandharipande P, Ruan D, et al. Radical resection for T1b gallbladder cancer: a decision analysis. HPB (Oxford). 2009;11(8):656–663. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2009.00108.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goetze TO, Paolucci V. The prognostic impact of positive lymph nodes in stages T1 to T3 incidental gallbladder carcinoma: results of the German registry. Surg Endosc. 2012;26(5):1382–1389. doi: 10.1007/s00464-011-2044-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger-Richardson D, Chesney TR, Englesakis M, et al. Trends in port-site metastasis after laparoscopic resection of incidental gallbladder cancer: a systematic review. Surgery. 2017;161(3):618–627. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.08.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagino M, Hirano S, Yoshitomi H, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of biliary tract cancers 2019: the 3rd English edition. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2021;28(1):26–54. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang L, Zhang C, Tian Y, et al. Laparoscopic segment 4b+5 liver resection for stage T3 gallbladder cancer. Surg Endosc. 2022;36(12):8893–8907. doi: 10.1007/s00464-022-09325-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura H, ADACHI T, TANAKA T, et al. Feasibility and safety of laparoscopic gallbladder resection for gallbladder tumours. Anticancer Res. 2022;42(2):903–910. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho JK, Kim J-R, Jang J-Y, et al. Comparison of the Oncological Outcomes of Open versus laparoscopic surgery for T2 gallbladder cancer: a propensity-score-matched analysis. J Clin Med. 2022;11(9):11(9. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092644
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Xia Y, Cao Y, et al. Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical resection for bismuth types III and IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center experience from China. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1280513. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1280513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao J, Wang Y, Zhang B, et al. Comparison of outcomes after primary Laparoscopic versus Open Approach for T1b/T2 gallbladder cancer. Front Oncol. 2021;11:758319. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WJ, Lim T-W, Park P-J, et al. Safety and feasibility of pure laparoscopic extended cholecystectomy: comparison with the open technique in a propensity analysis at a single center. Surg Endosc. 2021;35(11):6166–6172. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-08112-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakanishi H, Miangul S, Oluwaremi TT, et al. Open versus laparoscopic surgery in the management of patients with gallbladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg. 2022;224(1):348–357. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.03.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Wu Z-R, Hu H-J, et al. Current status and future perspectives of minimally invasive surgery in gallbladder carcinoma. ANZ J Surg. 2021;91(3):264–268. doi: 10.1111/ans.16125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolthuis AM, Bislenghi G, Fieuws S, et al. Incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis. 2016;18(1):O1–9. doi: 10.1111/codi.13210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inokuchi M, Sugita H, Otsuki S, et al. Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy reduced surgical site infection as compared with open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in a meta-analysis of both randomized controlled and case-controlled studies. Int J Surg. 2015;15:61–67. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.01.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng JW, Yang X-H, Liu C-W, et al. Comparison of Laparoscopic and Open Approach in Treating Gallbladder cancer. J Surg Res. 2019;234:269–276. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.09.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dou C, Zhang C, Zhang C, et al. Propensity score analysis of outcomes following laparoscopic or Open Radical Resection for gallbladder cancer in T2 and T3 stages. J Gastrointest Surg. 2022;26(7):1416–1424. doi: 10.1007/s11605-022-05288-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piccolo G, Ratti F, Cipriani F, et al. Totally laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer: a single center experience. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2019;29(6):741–746. doi: 10.1089/lap.2019.0227
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang L, Stefanidis D, Richardson WS, et al. The role of staging laparoscopy for intraabdominal cancers: an evidence-based review. Surg Endosc. 2009;23(2):231–241. doi: 10.1007/s00464-008-0099-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieveen van Dijkum EJ, de Wit LT, van Delden OM, et al. Staging laparoscopy and laparoscopic ultrasonography in more than 400 patients with upper gastrointestinal carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg. 1999;189(5):459–465. doi: 10.1016/S1072-7515(99)00186-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goere D, Wagholikar GD, Pessaux P, et al. Utility of staging laparoscopy in subsets of biliary cancers: laparoscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool in patients with intrahepatic and gallbladder carcinoma. Surg Endosc. 2006;20(5):721–725. doi: 10.1007/s00464-005-0583-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agrawal S, Sonawane RN, Behari A, et al. Laparoscopic staging in gallbladder cancer. Dig Surg. 2005;22(6):440–445. doi: 10.1159/000091447
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Angelica M, Fong Y, Weber S, et al. The role of staging laparoscopy in hepatobiliary malignancy: prospective analysis of 401 cases. Ann Surg Oncol. 2003;10(2):183–189. doi: 10.1245/ASO.2003.03.091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dooren M, de Savornin Lohman EAJ, Brekelmans E, et al. The diagnostic value of staging laparoscopy in gallbladder cancer: a nationwide cohort study. World J Surg Oncol. 2023;21(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12957-022-02880-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzhey DM, Seeburger J, Misfeld M, et al. Learning minimally invasive mitral valve surgery: a cumulative sum sequential probability analysis of 3895 operations from a single high-volume center. Circulation. 2013;128(5):483–491. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen BY, Zhan Q, Deng X-X, et al. Radical resection of gallbladder cancer: could it be robotic? Surg Endosc. 2012;26(11):3245–3250. doi: 10.1007/s00464-012-2330-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandarana M, Patkar S, Tamhankar A, et al. Robotic resections in hepatobiliary oncology – initial experience with Xi da Vinci system in India. Indian J Cancer. 2017;54(1):52–55. doi: 10.4103/ijc.IJC_132_17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan S, Beard RE, Kingham PT, et al. Long-term oncologic outcomes following robotic liver resections for primary hepatobiliary malignancies: a multicenter study. Ann Surg Oncol. 2018;25(9):2652–2660. doi: 10.1245/s10434-018-6629-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goel M, Khobragade K, Patkar S, et al. Robotic surgery for gallbladder cancer: operative technique and early outcomes. J Surg Oncol. 2019;119(7):958–963. doi: 10.1002/jso.25422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai EC, Yang GP, Tang CN. Robot-assisted laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: short-term outcome. Am J Surg. 2013;205(6):697–702. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.08.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szold A, Bergamaschi R, Broeders I, et al. European Association of Endoscopic Surgeons (EAES) consensus statement on the use of robotics in general surgery. Surg Endosc. 2015;29(2):253–288. doi: 10.1007/s00464-014-3916-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byun Y, Choi YJ, Kang JS, et al. Robotic extended cholecystectomy in gallbladder cancer. Surg Endosc. 2020;34(7):3256–3261. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-07554-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byun Y, Choi YJ, Kang JS, et al. Early outcomes of robotic extended cholecystectomy for the treatment of gallbladder cancer. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2020;27(6):324–330. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tschuor C, Pickens RC, Isenberg EE, et al. Robotic resection of gallbladder cancer: a single-center retrospective comparative study to Open resection. Am Surg. 2023;89(4):888–896. doi: 10.1177/00031348211047491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawasli A, Sahly M, Meguid A, et al. The impact of robotic cholecystectomy on private practice in a community teaching hospital. Am J Surg. 2016;211(3):610–614. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.11.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strosberg DS, Nguyen MC, Muscarella P, et al. A retrospective comparison of robotic cholecystectomy versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy: operative outcomes and cost analysis. Surg Endosc. 2017;31(3):1436–1441. doi: 10.1007/s00464-016-5134-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh A, Panse NS, Prasath V, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of robotic cholecystectomy in the treatment of benign gallbladder disease. Surgery. 2023;173(6):1323–1328. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.01.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinoglio G, Bertani E, Borin S, et al. Green indocyanine fluorescence in robotic abdominal surgery. Updates Surg. 2018;70(3):375–379. doi: 10.1007/s13304-018-0585-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Teh CSC, Ishizawa T, et al. Consensus guidelines for the use of fluorescence imaging in hepatobiliary surgery. Ann Surg. 2021;274(1):97–106. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000004718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landsman ML, Kwant G, Mook GA, et al. Light-absorbing properties, stability, and spectral stabilization of indocyanine green. J Appl Physiol. 1976;40(4):575–583. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1976.40.4.575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osayi SN, Wendling MR, Drosdeck JM, et al. Near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography facilitates identification of biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2015;29(2):368–375. doi: 10.1007/s00464-014-3677-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scroggie DL, Jones C. Fluorescent imaging of the biliary tract during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Ann Surg Innov Res. 2014;8(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13022-014-0005-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ahmad A. Use of indocyanine green (ICG) augmented near-infrared fluorescence imaging in robotic radical resection of gallbladder adenocarcinomas. Surg Endosc. 2020;34(6):2490–2494. doi: 10.1007/s00464-019-07053-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y, Xiang L, Bai Y, et al. Attempt of real-time near-infrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) in radical resection of gallbladder cancer: a case report. Front Surg. 2021;8:655805. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.655805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH, et al. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(14):1273–1281. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0908721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma A, Dwary AD, Mohanti BK, et al. Best supportive care compared with chemotherapy for unresectable gall bladder cancer: a randomized controlled study. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(30):4581–4586. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.29.3605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks EI, Yee NS. Immunotherapeutic approaches in biliary tract carcinoma: Current status and emerging strategies. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015;7(11):338–346. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i11.338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabris L, Perugorria MJ, Mertens J, et al. The tumour microenvironment and immune milieu of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int. 2019;39(Suppl 1):63–78. doi: 10.1111/liv.14098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li M, Liu F, Zhang F, et al. Genomic ERBB2/ERBB3 mutations promote PD-L1-mediated immune escape in gallbladder cancer: a whole-exome sequencing analysis. Gut. 2019;68(6):1024–1033. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong K, Gong Z-J, Lu P-X, et al. PLAC8 overexpression correlates with PD-L1 upregulation and acquired resistance to chemotherapies in gallbladder carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019;516(3):983–990. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neyaz A, Husain N, Kumari S, et al. Clinical relevance of PD-L1 expression in gallbladder cancer: a potential target for therapy. Histopathology. 2018;73(4):622–633. doi: 10.1111/his.13669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marabelle A, Fakih M, Lopez J, et al. Association of tumour mutational burden with outcomes in patients with advanced solid tumours treated with pembrolizumab: prospective biomarker analysis of the multicohort, open-label, phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(10):1353–1365. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30445-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ott PA, Bang Y-J, Piha-Paul SA, et al. T-Cell–inflamed gene-expression profile, Programmed Death Ligand 1 expression, and tumor mutational burden predict efficacy in patients treated with pembrolizumab across 20 cancers: KEYNOTE-028. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(4):318–327. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2018.78.2276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piha-Paul SA, Oh D-Y, Ueno M, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab for the treatment of advanced biliary cancer: results from the KEYNOTE-158 and KEYNOTE-028 studies. Int J Cancer. 2020;147(8):2190–2198. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim RD, Chung V, Alese OB, et al. A phase 2 multi-institutional study of nivolumab for patients with advanced refractory biliary tract cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(6):888–894. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0930
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo C, Kim K-P, Jeong JH, et al. Liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin versus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic biliary tract cancer after progression on gemcitabine plus cisplatin (NIFTY): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2b study. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(11):1560–1572. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00486-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marabelle A, Le DT, Ascierto PA, et al. Efficacy of Pembrolizumab in patients with noncolorectal high microsatellite Instability/Mismatch repair–deficient cancer: results from the phase II KEYNOTE-158 study. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(1):1–10. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh DY, Ruth He A, Qin S, et al. Durvalumab plus Gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced biliary tract cancer. NEJM Evid. 2022;1(8):2200015. doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2200015
   Google Scholar
• Kelley RK, Ueno M, Yoo C, et al. Pembrolizumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin compared with gemcitabine and cisplatin alone for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (KEYNOTE-966): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2023;401(10391):1853–1865. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00727-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojas-Sepúlveda D, Tittarelli A, Gleisner MA, et al. Tumor lysate-based vaccines: on the road to immunotherapy for gallbladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immun. 2018;67(12):1897–1910. doi: 10.1007/s00262-018-2157-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao L, Zhong L, Xu S, et al. Immunotherapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2019;19(2):204–205. doi: 10.2174/187152061902190418105255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaida M, Morita-Hoshi Y, Soeda A, et al. Phase 1 trial of Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) peptide vaccine and gemcitabine combination therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer. J Immunother. 2011;34(1):92–99. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e3181fb65b9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imaoka Y, Kuranishi F, Miyazaki T, et al. Long-lasting complete response status of advanced stage IV gall bladder cancer and colon cancer after combined treatment including autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine: two case reports. World J Surg Oncol. 2017;15(1):170. doi: 10.1186/s12957-017-1245-x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang R, Yuan F, Shu Y, et al. Personalized neoantigen-pulsed dendritic cell vaccines show superior immunogenicity to neoantigen-adjuvant vaccines in mouse tumor models. Cancer Immunol Immun. 2020;69(1):135–145. doi: 10.1007/s00262-019-02448-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan JA, Yaqin S. Successful immunological treatment of gallbladder cancer in India–case report. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2006;7(9):719–724. doi: 10.1631/jzus.2006.B0719
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nigro A, Montico Montico, Casolaro V, et al. A Novel Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccination Protocol to Stimulate Immunosurveillance of Aggressive Cancers. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1884:317–333.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perez CR, De Palma M. Engineering dendritic cell vaccines to improve cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):5408. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13368-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun T, Yang Y, Luo X, et al. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by interferon-γ by suppression of tumor-associated macrophage differentiation. Oncol Res. 2014;21(5):227–235. doi: 10.3727/096504014X13890370410285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma H, Jin S, Yang W, et al. Interferon-alpha enhances the antitumour activity of EGFR-targeted therapies by upregulating RIG-I in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2018;118(4):509–521. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2017.442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yashima Y, Sato S, Kawai T, et al. Intraarterial 5-fluorouracil and interferon therapy is safe and effective for nonresectable biliary tract adenocarcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2015;9(1):142–148. doi: 10.1007/s12072-014-9583-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia J, Li S, Gong W, et al. Mda-7/IL-24 induces apoptosis in human GBC-SD gallbladder carcinoma cells via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Oncol Rep. 2011;25(1):195–201. doi: 10.3892/or_00001061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu TJ, Xu B, Zhao G-H, et al. IL-37 suppresses migration and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells through inhibition of HIF-1α induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018;22(23):8179–8185. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201812_16510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuipers H, de Bitter TJJ, de Boer MT, et al. Gallbladder cancer: Current insights in Genetic Alterations and their possible therapeutic implications. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(21):5257. doi: 10.3390/cancers13215257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brodsky FM. Monoclonal antibodies as magic bullets. Pharm Res. 1988;5(1):1–9. doi: 10.1023/A:1015860525341
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee YT, Tan YJ, Oon CE. Molecular targeted therapy: treating cancer with specificity. Eur J Pharmacol. 2018;834:188–196. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung C. Current targeted therapies in lymphomas. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2019;76(22):1825–1834. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxz202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye J, Chen K, Qi L, et al. Metformin suppresses hypoxia‑induced migration via the HIF‑1α/VEGF pathway in gallbladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep. 2018;40(6):3501–3510. doi: 10.3892/or.2018.6751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong H, Jiang L, Lin Y, et al. TNF-alpha promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer through the ERK1/2/AP-1/VEGF-D pathway. BMC Cancer. 2016;16(1):240. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2259-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Letelier P, García P, Leal P, et al. miR-1 and miR-145 act as tumor suppressor microRnas in gallbladder cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(5):1849–1867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Chen Y, Yu G, et al. Lymphangiogenic and angiogentic microvessel density in gallbladder carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 2011;58(105):20–25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun XN, Cao W-G, Wang X, et al. Prognostic impact of vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression in resected gallbladder carcinoma. Tumour Biol. 2011;32(6):1183–1190. doi: 10.1007/s13277-011-0221-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang L, Liu M, Cai X, et al. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor‑C levels predict lymph node metastasis and prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer. Oncol Lett. 2018;16(5):6065–6070. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.9358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakashima T, Kondoh S, Kitoh H, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in human gallbladder cancer and its relationship to lymph node metastasis. Int J Mol Med. 2003;11(1):33–39. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.11.1.33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin W, Jiang L, Chen Y, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-D promotes growth, lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in gallbladder cancer. Cancer Lett. 2012;314(2):127–136. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.09.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyer RV, Pokuri VK, Groman A, et al. A multicenter phase II study of gemcitabine, capecitabine, and Bevacizumab for locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2018;41(7):649–655. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun W, Patel A, Normolle D, et al. A phase 2 trial of regorafenib as a single agent in patients with chemotherapy-refractory, advanced, and metastatic biliary tract adenocarcinoma. Cancer. 2019;125(6):902–909. doi: 10.1002/cncr.31872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iqbal N, Iqbal N. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in cancers: overexpression and therapeutic implications. Mol Biol Int. 2014;2014:852748. doi: 10.1155/2014/852748
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yan M, Schwaederle M, Arguello D, et al. HER2 expression status in diverse cancers: review of results from 37,992 patients. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2015;34(1):157–164. doi: 10.1007/s10555-015-9552-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagaraja V, Eslick GD. HER2 expression in gastric and oesophageal cancer: a meta-analytic review. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015;6(2):143–154. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2014.107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiguchi K, Carbajal S, Chan K, et al. Constitutive expression of ErbB-2 in gallbladder epithelium results in development of adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 2001;61(19):6971–6976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roa I, De Toro G, Schalper K, et al. Overexpression of the HER2/neu gene: a new therapeutic possibility for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer. Gastrointest Cancer Res. 2014;7(2):42–48.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li M, Zhang Z, Li X, et al. Whole-exome and targeted gene sequencing of gallbladder carcinoma identifies recurrent mutations in the ErbB pathway. Nat Genet. 2014;46(8):872–876. doi: 10.1038/ng.3030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nam AR, Kim J-W, Cha Y, et al. Therapeutic implication of HER2 in advanced biliary tract cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(36):58007–58021. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11157
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Inagaki C, Maeda D, Kimura A, et al. Gallbladder cancer harboring ERBB2 mutation on the primary and metastatic site: a case report. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2019;11(9):761–767. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i9.761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding JJ, Piha-Paul SA, Shah RH, et al. Antitumour activity of neratinib in patients with HER2-mutant advanced biliary tract cancers. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):630. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36399-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javle M, Borad MJ, Azad NS, et al. Pertuzumab and trastuzumab for HER2-positive, metastatic biliary tract cancer (MyPathway): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2a, multiple basket study. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(9):1290–1300. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00336-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wee P, Wang Z. Epidermal growth factor receptor cell proliferation signaling pathways. Cancers (Basel). 2017;9(5). doi: 10.3390/cancers9050052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomas A, Futter CE, Eden ER. EGF receptor trafficking: consequences for signaling and cancer. Trends Cell Biol. 2014;24(1):26–34. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2013.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gazzeri S. [Nuclear EGFR: a new mode of oncogenic signalling in cancer]. Biol Aujourdhui. 2018;212(1–2):27–33. doi: 10.1051/jbio/2018016
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rajaram P, Chandra P, Ticku S, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor: role in human cancer. Indian J Dent Res. 2017;28(6):687–694. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_534_16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barreto SG, Dutt A, Chaudhary A. A genetic model for gallbladder carcinogenesis and its dissemination. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(6):1086–1097. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdu006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi R, Pant MC, Husain N, et al. EGFR and HER-2/neu expression in gallbladder carcinoma: an institutional experience. Gulf J Oncolog. 2016;1(20):12–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang M, Cai S, Zuo B, et al. Arctigenin induced gallbladder cancer senescence through modulating epidermal growth factor receptor pathway. Tumour Biol. 2017;39(5):1010428317698359. doi: 10.1177/1010428317698359
   Google Scholar
• Mody K, Strauss E, Lincer R, et al. Complete response in gallbladder cancer to erlotinib plus gemcitabine does not require mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2010;10(1):570. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-570
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lubner SJ, Mahoney MR, Kolesar JL, et al. Report of a multicenter phase II trial testing a combination of biweekly bevacizumab and daily erlotinib in patients with unresectable biliary cancer: a phase II consortium study. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(21):3491–3497. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.28.4075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Khoueiry AB, Rankin C, Siegel AB, et al. S0941: a phase 2 SWOG study of sorafenib and erlotinib in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(4):882–887. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai W, Yuan Y, Ge W, et al. EGFR target therapy combined with Gemox for advanced biliary tract cancers: a Meta-analysis based on RCTs. J Cancer. 2018;9(8):1476–1485. doi: 10.7150/jca.23290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar