References
- Salman S, Fındık F, Topuz P. Effects of various austempering temperatures on fatigue properties in ductile iron. Mater Des. 2007;28(7):2210–2214. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.06.017
- Bouaziz O, Zurob H, Huang M. Driving force and logic of development of advanced high strength steels for automotive applications. Steel Res Int. 2013;84(10):937–947. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201200288
- Güral A, Altuntaş O. Improving the impact toughness properties of high carbon powder metallurgy steels with novel spherical cementite in the bainitic matrix (SCBM) microstructures. Mater Chem Phys. 2020: 124203. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.124203
- Çakıroğlu R, Günay M. Comprehensive analysis of material removal rate, tool wear and surface roughness in electrical discharge turning of L2 tool steel. J Mater Res Technol. 2020;9(4):7305–7317. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.04.060
- Skoglund P, Litstrom O, Flodin A. Improvement of powder metallurgy gears for engines and transmissions. No. 2013-32-9102. SAE Technical Paper, 2013. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9102
- Ramakrishnan P. Automotive applications of powder metallurgy. In: Advances in powder metallurgy. Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 2013. p. 493–519. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857098900.4.493
- Gülsoy HÖ, Kemal BM, Yahya B, et al. Enhancing the wear properties of iron based powder metallurgy alloys by boron additions. Mater Des. 2007;28(7):2255–2259. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.05.022
- Danninger H, Gierl C. Powder metallurgy steels for highly loaded precision parts. Int J Mater Prod Technol. 2007;28(3–4):338–360. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMPT.2007.013084
- Danninger H, Dlapka M. Heat treatment of sintered steels – what is different? HTM J Heat Treat. Mater. 2018;73(3):117–130. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3139/105.110353
- Barani AA, Li F, Romano P, et al. Design of high-strength steels by microalloying and thermomechanical treatment. Mater Sci Eng A. 2007;463(1–2):138–146. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.08.124
- Zhong N, Wang XD, Wang L, et al. Enhancement of the mechanical properties of a Nb-microalloyed advanced high-strength steel treated by quenching–partitioning–tempering process. Mater Sci Eng A. 2009;506(1–2):111–116. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.11.014
- Delincé M, Bréchet Y, Embury JD, et al. Structure–property optimization of ultrafine-grained dual-phase steels using a microstructure-based strain hardening model. Acta Mater. 2007;55(7):2337–2350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.11.029
- Bergman O, Chasoglou D, Dahlström M. Mechanical performance of Cr-alloyed PM steel after different sintering and heat treatment operations. Met Powder Rep. 2018;73(1):21–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2017.01.003
- Damon J, Dietrich S, Schulze V. Implications of carbon, nitrogen and porosity on the γ→α′ martensite phase transformation and resulting hardness in PM-steel astaloy 85Mo. J Mater Res Technol. 2020;9(4):8245–8257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.05.035
- Babakhani A, Haerian A, Ghambri M. Effect of heat treatment, lubricant and sintering temperature on dry sliding wear behavior of medium alloyed chromium PM steels. J Mater Process Technol. 2008;204(1–3):192–198. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.11.061
- Altuntas O, Güral A. Effect of spheroidizing heat treatment on the microstructure, hardness and toughness of high carbon powder metallurgy steel. Met Mater. 2017;55(5):303–310. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4149/km20175303
- Altuntaş O, Güral A. Designing spherical cementite in bainitic matrix (SCBM) microstructures in high carbon powder metal steels to improve dry sliding wear resistance. Mater Lett. 2019;249:185–188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.04.095
- Türkmen M, Erden MA, Karabulut H, et al. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb–V microalloyed powder metallurgy steels. Acta Polonica A. 2019;135(4):834–836. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.135.834
- Güral A, Bostan B, Özdemir AT. Heat treatment in two phase region and its effect on microstructure and mechanical strength after welding of a low carbon steel. Mater Des. 2007;28(3):897–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2005.10.005
- Hernandez-Silva D, Morales RD. The spheroidization of cementite in a medium carbon steel by means of subcritical and intercritical annealing. ISIJ Int. 1992;32(12):1297–1305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.32.1297
- Luzginova NV, Zhao L, Sietsma J. The cementite spheroidization process in high-carbon steels with different chromium contents. Metall Mater Trans A. 2008;39(3):513–521. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9403-3
- Keough JR, Hayrynen KL. Carbidic austempered ductile iron (CADI). Ductile Iron News. 2000;3:840–845.
- Bayati H, Elliott R. Effect of microstructural features on the austempering heat treatment processing window. In: A. Roósz, M. Rettenmayr, D. Watring, editors. Materials science forum. Vol. 329. Trans Tech Publications Ltd; 2000. p. 73–78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.329-330.73
- Shen FS, Krauss G. The effect of phosphorous content and proeutectoid carbide distribution on the fracture behavior of 52100 steel. J Heat Treat. 1982;2(3):238–249.
- Han X, Zhang Z, Rong Y, et al. Bainite kinetic transformation of austempered AISI 6150 steel. Mater Res Technol. 2020;9(2):1357–1364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.11.062
- Tartaglia JM, Hayrynen KL. A comparison of fatigue properties of austempered versus quenched and tempered 4340 steel. J Mater Eng Perform. 2012;21(6):1008–1024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-9951-y
- Archard J. Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces. J Appl Phys. 1953;24(8):981–988. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721448
- Thomson RC, Miller MK. An atom probe study of cementite precipitation in autotempered martensite in an Fe-Mn-C alloy. Appl Surf Sci. 1996;94:313–319. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-4332(95)00392-4
- Zhang G-H, Chae J-Y, Kim K-H, et al. Effects of Mn, Si and Cr addition on the dissolution and coarsening of pearlitic cementite during intercritical austenitization in Fe-1mass%C alloy. Mater Charact. 2013;81:56–67. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2013.04.007
- Wei J, Zhou Y, Dong J, et al. Effect of cementite spheroidization on improving corrosion resistance of pearlitic steel under simulated bottom plate environment of cargo oil tank. Materialia. 2019;6:100316. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100316
- Xie C, Liu Z, He X, et al. Effect of martensite–austenite constituents on impact toughness of pre-tempered MnNiMo bainitic steel. Mater Charact. 2020;161:110139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110139
- http://qmp-powders.com/
- Bhadeshia HKDH. Cementite. Int Mater Rev. 2020;65(1): 1–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2018.1560984