Writing themselves into consciousness: Creating a rhetorical bridge between the public and private spheres

Works cited

• Berg , Barbara J. 1978 . The Remembered Gate: Origins of American Feminism, The Woman and the City, 1800–1860 , New York : Oxford UP .
   Google Scholar
• Bitzer , Lloyd E. 1968 . “The Rhetorical Situation.” . Philosophy and Rhetoric , 1 : 1 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Blackwell , Alice Stone . 1971 . Lucy Stone , New York : Kraus .
   Google Scholar
• Blackwell , Antoinette Brown . 1875 . The Sexes Throughout Nature , New York : Putnam's .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , Karlyn Kohrs . 1983 . “Femininity and Feminism: To Be or Not to Be a Woman.” . Communication Quarterly , 31 : 101 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , Karlyn Kohrs . 1989 . Man Cannot Speak for Her , 2 vols , New York : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , Karlyn Kohrs . 1973 . “The Rhetoric of Women's Liberation: An Oxymoron.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 59 : 75 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , Cheree A. 1995 . “Character Invention in the Letters of Maimie Pinzer.” . Communication Quarterly , 43 : 408 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Carlson , Cheree A. 1992 . “Creative Casuistry and Feminist Consciousness: The Rhetoric of Moral Reform.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 78 : 16 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , Cheree A. 1988 . “Limitations on the Comic Frame: Some Witty American Women of the Nineteenth Century.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 74 : 310 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cathcart , Robert S. 1978 . “Movements: Confrontation as Rhetorical Form.” . Southern Journal of Communication , 43 : 233 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Cazden , Elizabeth . 1983 . Antoinette Brown Blackwell: A Biography , Old Westbury, NY : Feminist .
   Google Scholar
• Charland , Maurice . 1987 . “Constitutive Rhetoric: The Case of the Peuple Québécois.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 73 : 133 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derbyshire , Lynn Madeline . 1997 . “ ‘Living, Energetic Beings’: The Rhetorical Constitution of Woman's Rights Advocates.” . U of Maryland . Diss.
   Google Scholar
• DuBois , Ellen Carol . 1978 . Feminism and Suffrage: The Emergence of an Independent Women's Movement in America, 1848–1869 , Ithaca : Cornell UP .
   Google Scholar
• Felski , Rita . 1989 . Beyond Feminist Aesthetics: Feminist Literature and Social Change , Cambridge : Harvard UP .
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher , Robert Samuel . 1943 . A History of Oberlin College From Its Foundation Through the Civil War. , 2 vols , Oberlin : Oberlin College P .
   Google Scholar
• Flexner , Eleanor . 1975 . Century of Struggle: The Woman's Rights Movement in the United States , Cambridge : Belknap .
   Google Scholar
• Foss , Karen A. and Foss , Sonja K. 1991 . Women Speak: The Eloquence of Women's Lives , Prospect Heights, IL : Waveland .
   Google Scholar
• Fraser , Nancy . 1992 . “Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy.” . In Habermas and the Public Sphere. , Edited by: Calhoun , C.J. Cambridge : MIT P .
   Google Scholar
• Fraser , Nancy . 1989 . Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory , 109 – 42 . Minneapolis : U of Minnesota P .
   Google Scholar
• Ginzberg , Lori D. 1990 . Women and the Work of Benevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the Nineteenth‐Century United States , New Haven, NJ : Yale UP .
   Google Scholar
• Griffin , Cindy L. 1996 . “The Essentialist Roots of the Public Sphere: A Feminist Critique.” . Western Journal of Communication , 60 : 21 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin , Leland M. 1952 . “The Rhetoric of Historical Movements.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 38 : 184 – 188 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habermas , Jürgen . 1974 . “The Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article.” . New German Critique , 1 : 49 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Hays , Elinor Rice . 1961 . Morning Star: A Biography of Lucy Stone, 1878–1893 , New York : Harcourt, Brace, World .
   Google Scholar
• Herbst , Susan . 1994 . Politics at the Margin: Historical Studies of Public Expression Outside the Mainstream , Cambridge : Cambridge UP .
   Google Scholar
• Hewitt , Nancy . 1984 . Women's Activism and Social Change; Rochester, New York, 1822‐ 1872 , Ithaca : Cornell UP .
   Google Scholar
• Kerr , Andrea Moore . 1992 . Lucy Stone: Speaking Out for Equality , New Brunswick, NJ : Rutgers UP .
   Google Scholar
• Lasser , Carol and Merrill , Marlene Deahl , eds. 1987 . Friends and Sisters: Letters Between Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown Blackwell , Urbana : U of Illinois P .
   Google Scholar
• Lasser , Carol and Merrill , Marlene Deahl , eds. 1983 . Soul Mates: The Oberlin Correspondence of Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown, 1846–1850 , Oberlin, OH : Fisher .
   Google Scholar
• Lerner , Gerda . 1993 . The Creation of a Feminist Consciousness From the Middle Ages to Eighteen‐seventy , New York : Oxford UP .
   Google Scholar
• Mansfield , Edward D. 1845 . The Legal Rights, Liabilities and Duties of Women , Cincinnati : Moore .
   Google Scholar
• Melder , Keith . 1977 . The Beginnings of Sisterhood: The American Woman's Rights Movement, 1800–1850 , New York : Schocken .
   Google Scholar
• Merrill , Marlene Deahl . 1997 . E‐mail to the co‐author of Friends and Sisters and Soul Males . 16 Jan., 20 Jan. and 21 Jan.
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , Glenna . 1992 . The Rise of Public Woman: Woman's Power and Woman's Place in the United States, 1630–1970 , New York : Oxford UP .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , Kimberly . 1995 . “The Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching: Strategies of a Movement in the Comic Frame.” . Communication Quarterly , 43 : 86 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Riches , Suzanne Volmar and Sillars , Malcolm O. 1980 . “The Status of Movement Criticism.” . Western Journal of Speech Communication , 44 : 275 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Ryan , Mary P. 1990 . Women in Public: Between Banners and Ballots, 1825–1880 , Baltimore : John Hopkins UP .
   Google Scholar
• Smith‐Rosenberg , Carroll . 1979 . “The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations Between Women in Nineteenth‐Century America.” . In A Heritage of Her Own: Toward a New Social History of American Women. , Edited by: Cott , Nancy F. and Pleck , Elizabeth H. 311 – 42 . New York : Simon and Schuster .
   Google Scholar
• Spies , Barbara . 1993 . “Antoinette Brown Blackwell.” . In Women Public Speakers in the United States, 1800–1925: A Bio‐Critical Sourcebook. , Edited by: Campbell , Karlyn Kohrs . 63 – 75 . Westport, CT : Greenwood .
   Google Scholar
• Spitzack , Carole and Carter , Kathryn . 1987 . “Women in Communication Studies: A Typology for Revision.” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 73 : 401 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart , Charles J. , Smith , Craig Allen and Denton , Robert E. 1994 . Persuasion and Social Movements , Prospect Heights, IL : Waveland .
   Google Scholar
• Wheeler , Leslie . 1981 . Loving Warriors: Selected Letters of Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell, 1853 to 1893 , New York : Dial .
   Google Scholar