Economic Change and Rising Income Inequality in the Oslo Region: The Importance of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services

REFERENCES

• Aaberge , R. A. and Atkinson , A. B. 2008 . Top incomes in Norway , Discussion Paper Number 552. Statistics Norway, Oslo
   Google Scholar
• Aaberge , R. , Björklund , A. , Jäntti , M. , Pedersen , P. J. , Smith , N. and Wennemo , T. 2000 . Unemployment shock and income distribution: how did the Nordic countries fare during their crises? . Scandinavian Journal of Economics , 102 : 77 – 99 . (doi:10.1111/1467-9442.00185)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen , L. 2003 . Det nye arbeidslivet. Organisering av kunnskapsintensivt arbeid , Trondheim : Sintef .
   Google Scholar
• Barth , E. , Bratsberg , B. , Hægeland , T. and Raaum , O. 2005 . “ Store lønnsforskjeller i Norge: En følge av prestasjonslønn ” . In Nytt arbeidsliv. Medvirkning, inkludering og belønning , Edited by: Torp , H. 55 – 73 . Oslo : Gyldendal/Akademisk .
   Google Scholar
• Barth , E. , Moene , K. and Wallerstein , M. 2003 . Likhet under press. Utfordringer for den skandinaviske fordelingsmodellen , Oslo : Gyldendal Norsk .
   Google Scholar
• Birkelund , G. E. and Petersen , T. 2005 . “ Det norske likestillingsparadokset. Kjønn og arbeid i velferdssamfunnet ” . In Det norske samfunn , Edited by: Frønes , I. and Kjølsrød , L. 126 – 153 . Oslo : Gyldendal Akademisk .
   Google Scholar
• Bjerke , P. 2004 . Det nye arbeidslivet. En rapport om IKT-myter , Oslo : De Facto .
   Google Scholar
• Blau , F. and Kahn , L. 1996 . Institutional differences in male wage inequality: institutions versus market forces . Journal of Political Economy , 104 : 791 – 837 . (doi:10.1086/262043)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buck , N. , Gordon , I. , Hall , P. , Harloe , M. and Kleinman , M. 2002 . Working Capital. Life and Labour in Contemporary London , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Deininger , K. and Squire , L. 1996 . A new data set measuring income inequality . World Bank Economic Review , 10 : 565 – 591 . (doi:10.1093/wber/10.3.565)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Monitoring Centre on Change . 2005 . Knowledge-Intensive Business Services – What Future? , (available at: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/emcc/content/source/eu05016a.htm) (accessed on 2 November 2008)
   Google Scholar
• Finansforbundet . 2001 . Individuelle lønnssamtaler , (available at: http://www.finansforbundet.no/Documents/Brosjyrer/skarsbak_marstein_utvalg.pdf) (accessed on 20 May 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Fligstein , N. and Shin , T. J. 2004 . “ The shareholder value society: a review of the changes in working conditions and inequality in the United States, 1976 to 2000 ” . In Social Inequality , Edited by: Neckerman , K. M. 401 – 432 . New York , NY : Russell Sage Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Fritzell , J. 2001 . “ Still different? Income distribution in the Nordic countries in a European comparison ” . In Nordic Welfare States in the European Context , Edited by: Kautto , M. , Fritzell , J. , Hvinden , B. , Kvist , J. and Uusitalo , H. 18 – 41 . New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Gosling , A. and Machin , S. 2000 . The changing distribution of male wages in the UK . Review of Economic Studies , 67 : 635 – 666 . (doi:10.1111/1467-937X.00148)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamnett , C. 2003 . Unequal City. London in the Global Arena , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Kambourov , G. and Manovskii , I. 2009 . Occupational mobility and wage inequality . Review of Economic Studies , 76 : 731 – 759 . (doi:10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00535.x)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , C. and Sakamoto , A. 2008 . Declining inter-industry wage dispersion in the US . Social Science Research , 37 : 1081 – 1101 . (doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.06.001)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koeniger , W. , Leonardi , M. and Nunciata , L. 2007 . Labor market institutions and wage inequality . Industrial and Labor Relations Review , 60 : 340 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korzeniewics , R. P. and Moran , T. M. 2005 . Theorizing the relationship between inequality and economic growth . Theory and Society , 34 : 277 – 316 . (doi:10.1007/s11186-005-4575-6)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuznets , S. 1955 . Economic growth and income inequality . American Economic Review , 45 : 257 – 271 .
   Google Scholar
• Leicht , K. T. 2008 . Broken down by race and gender? Sociological explanations of new sources of earnings inequality . Annual Review of Sociology , 34 : 237 – 255 . (doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134627)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemieux , T. 2007 . The changing nature of wage inequality . Journal of Population Economics , 21 : 21 – 48 . (doi:10.1007/s00148-007-0169-0)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massey , D. 2006 . World City , Bristol : Polity .
   Google Scholar
• McCall , L. 1998 . Spatial routes to gender wage (in)equality: regional restructuring and wage differentials by gender and education . Economic Geography , 74 : 379 – 404 . (doi:10.2307/144331)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCall , L. 2001a . Complex Inequality. Gender, Class and Race in the New Economy , New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• McCall , L. 2001b . Sources of racial wage inequality in metropolitan labor markets: racial, ethnic, and gender differences . American Sociological Review , 66 : 520 – 541 . (doi:10.2307/3088921)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moene , K. and Wallerstein , M. 2000 . Institutions, inequality and social policy . Sosialøkonomen , 54 : 27 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Moran , T. M. 2005 . Kuznets's inverted U-curve hypothesis . Sociological Forum , 20 : 189 – 224 . (doi:10.1007/s11206-005-4098-y)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myles , J. and Turegun , A. 1994 . Comparative studies in class structure . Annual Review of Sociology , 20 : 103 – 124 . (doi:10.1146/annurev.so.20.080194.000535)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nergaard , K. and Aarvaag Stokke , T. 2005 . “ Organisasjoner og tariffavtaler ” . In Nytt arbeidsliv. Medvirkning, inkludering og belønning , Edited by: Torp , H. 111 – 132 . Oslo : Gyldendal/Akademisk .
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , F. 1994 . Income inequality and industrial development: dualism revisited . American Sociological Review , 59 : 654 – 677 . (doi:10.2307/2096442)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norwegian Research Council . 2006 . Byutvikling – drivkrefter og planleggingsutfordringer , (available at: http://www.forskningsradet.no/no/Forsiden/1173185591033) (accessed on 20 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Odland , M. and Ellis , M. 2001 . Changes in the inequality of earnings for young men in metropolitan labor markets, 1979–1989: the effects of declining wages and sectoral shifts within an efficiency wage framework . Economic Geography , 77 : 148 – 179 . (doi:10.2307/3594062)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) . 2008 . Growing Unequal? Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries , Paris : OECD .
   Google Scholar
• Piketty , T. and Saez , E. 2003 . Income inequality in the United States, 1913–1998 . Quarterly Journal of Economics , 118 : 1 – 39 . (doi:10.1162/00335530360535135)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reskin , B. F. 2003 . Including mechanisms in our models of ascriptive inequality: 2002 Presidential Address . American Sociological Review , 68 : 1 – 21 . (doi:10.2307/3088900)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sassen , S. 2001 . The Global City. New York, Tokyo , 2 , Princeton , NJ : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , A. J. and Storper , M. 2003 . Regions, globalization, development . Regional Studies , 37 : 579 – 593 . (doi:10.1080/0034340032000108697a)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• St. Meld. (2008–2009) 9 (2008–2009) Perspektivmeldingen 2009. Stortingsmelding [White Paper]. Finansdepartementet (The Ministry of Finance), Oslo.
   Google Scholar
• Stambøl , L. S. 2005 . Urban and Regional Labour Market Mobility in Norway Social and Economic Studies Number 110. Statistics Norway, Oslo
   Google Scholar
• Vatne , E. 2005 . “ Kunnskapssamfunnet og storbyenes rolle som arena for økonomisk utvikling ” . In Storbyene i kunnskapsøkonomien. Arena for kunnskapsdeling og nyskaping , Edited by: Vatne , E. 13 – 46 . Oslo : Scandinavian Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wallerstein , M. 1999 . Wage-setting institutions and pay inequality in advanced industrial societies . American Journal of Political Science , 43 : 649 – 680 . (doi:10.2307/2991830)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallerstein , M. and Western , B. 2000 . Unions in decline? What has changed and why? . Annual Review of Political Science , 3 : 355 – 377 . (doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.355)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessel , T. 1999 . Levekår og ulikheter i norske storbyer , Report Number 258. NBI, Oslo
   Google Scholar
• Wessel , T. 2005 . Industrial shift, skills mismatch and income inequality: a decomposition analysis of changing distributions in the Oslo region . Urban Studies , 42 : 1593 – 1608 . (doi:10.1080/00420980500185421)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiig Aslesen , H. and Isaksen , A. 2005 . “ Kunnskapsintensive tjenester – en drivkraft for storbyenes næringsliv ” . In Storbyene i kunnskapsøkonomien. Arena for kunnskapsdeling og nyskaping , Edited by: Vatne , E. 199 – 226 . Oslo : Scandinavian Academic Press .
   Google Scholar