REFERENCES
- Audretsch, D. (1998). Agglomeration and the location of innovative activity. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 14, 18–29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/14.2.18
- Barca, F. (2009). An agenda for a reformed Cohesion Policy: A place-based approach to meeting European Union challenges and expectations (Independent report prepared at the request of the European Commissioner for Regional Policy, Danuta Hübner). Brussels: European Commission.
- Begg, I. (2018). Innovative directions for EU Cohesion Policy after 2020. CESifo Forum, 19(1), 3–9.
- Caliński, T., & Harabasz, J. (1974). A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in Statistics, 3(1), 1–27.
- Camagni, R. (2001). The economic role and spatial contradictions of global city-regions: The functional, cognitive and evolutionary context. In A. J. Scott (Ed.), Global city-regions: Trends, theory, policy (pp. 96–118). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Camagni, R., Capello, R., & Caragliu, A. (2015). The rise of second-rank cities: What role for agglomeration economies? European Planning Studies, 23(6), 1069–1089. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.904999
- Camagni, R., Capello, R., & Cerisola, S. (2017). Economic growth and innovation in EUSALP: Local specificities and growth assets for the competitiveness of EUSALP. Final report. Retrieved from https://www.alpine-region.eu/file/2213/download?token=pEa-fUaY
- Capello, R., & Kroll, H. (2016). From theory to practice in Smart Specialization Strategy: Emerging limits and possible future trajectories. European Planning Studies, 24(8), 1393–1406. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2016.1156058
- COWI. (2017). Study on macroregional strategies and their links with Cohesion Policy (Final Report). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
- Dubois, A., Hedin, S., Schmitt, P., & Sterling, J. (2009). EU macro-regions and macro-regional strategies – A scoping study (Working Paper No. 2009/4). Stockholm: Nordregio.
- European Commission. (2003). European innovation scoreboard: Technical Paper No. 3 Regional Innovation Performances. Brussels: European Commission.
- European Commission. (2014a). Horizon 2020 in brief. The EU framework programme for research & innovation. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
- European Commission. (2014b). RIS3 and Cohesion Policy. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/1SIK8M5
- European Commission. (2015). European Structural and Investment Funds 2014–2020. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2HaRHMT
- European Commission. (2016). Report on the implementation of EU macro-regional strategies. Retrieved from: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/information/publications/reports/2016/report-on-the-implementation-of-eu-macro-regional-strategies
- European Commission. (2017). Regional innovation scoreboard 2017 (Methodology Report). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/23986
- Faludi, A. (2010). Centenary Paper: European spatial planning: Past, present and future. Town Planning Review, 81(1), 1–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2009.21
- Faludi, A. (2012). Multi-level (territorial) governance: Three criticisms. Planning Theory and Practice, 13(2), 197–211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2012.677578
- Foray, D. (2015). Smart Specialization: Opportunities and challenges regional innovation policy. London: Routledge.
- Foray, D. (2018). Smart Specialisation strategies and industrial modernisation in European regions – Theory and practice. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 42(6), 1505–1520. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bey022
- Foray, D., McCann, P., & Ortega-Argilés, R. (2015). Smart Specialization and European regional development policy. In D. B. Audretsch, A. Link, & M. Walshok (Eds.), Oxford handbook of local competitiveness (pp. 458–480). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Gini, C. (1921). Measurement of inequality of incomes. Economic Journal, 31, 124–126. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2223319
- Gnamus, A. (2017, March 21). Smart Specialisation: Thematic S3 platforms (TSSP) and macro-regional strategies. Slides presented at the Knowledge and Efforts for Sustainable Growth in the Marine and Maritime Sectors in the Northern Adriatic, Piran. Retrieved from http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/20182/206164/S3P_A.Gnamus-Piran-3.17.pdf/97ca255d-5e7d-4930-99c5-bd51409ff6d4
- Greco, S., Ishizaka, A., Tasiou, M., & Torrisi, G. (2018). On the methodological framework of composite indices: A review of the issues of weighting, aggregation, and robustness. Social Indicators Research. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1832-9
- Griniece, E., Panori, A., Kakderi, C., Komninos, A., & Reid, A. (2017). Methodologies for Smart Specialisation Strategies: A view across the EU regions. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference for Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Regional Development (ICEIRD 2017) (pp. 321–330).
- Henderson, J. V. (2010). Cities and development. Journal of Regional Science, 50(1), 515–540. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2009.00636.x
- Herfindahl, O. C. (1950). Concentration in the steel industry (PhD thesis), Columbia University, New York.
- Hirschman, A. O. (1945). National power and the structure of foreign trade. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Hotelling, H. (1933). Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components. Journal of Educational Psychology, 24, 417–441. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0071325
- Iammarino, S., Rodriguez-Pose, A., & Storper, M. (2018). Regional inequality in Europe: Evidence, theory and policy implications. Journal of Economic Geography. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lby021
- Interact Programme. (2017). Added value of macro-regional strategies. Project and programme perspective (Final Report of the Study, February 2017).
- Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
- Kaufman, L., & Rousseeuw, P. (1990). Finding groups in data: An introduction to cluster analysis. Hoboken: Wiley.
- Kleibrink, A., & Magro, E. (2018). The making of responsive innovation policies: Varieties of evidence and their contestation in the Basque country. Palgrave Communications, 4(74). doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0136-2
- Komninos, N., Kakderi, C., Panori, A., Garcia, E., Fellnhofer, K., Reid, A., … Reid, A. (2018). Intelligence and co-creation in Smart Specialisation Strategies: Towards the next stage of RIS3 (Online S3 White Paper). Retrieved from https://www.onlines3.eu/wp-content/onlines3-files/22%20Intelligence%20and%20co-creation%20in%20Smart%20Spec.pdf
- Krieger-Boden, C. (2018). What direction should EU Cohesion Policy take? CESifo Forum, 19(1), 10–15.
- Kroll, H. (2015). Efforts to implement Smart Specialization in practice – Leading unlike horses to the water. European Planning Studies, 23, 2079–2098. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.1003036
- Lance, G. N., & Williams, W. T. (1966). A generalized sorting strategy for computer classifications. Nature, 212(5058), 218. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/212218a0
- McCann, P. (2015). The regional and urban policy of the European Union: Cohesion, results – Orientation and Smart Specialisation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
- McCann, P., & Ortega-Argilés, R. (2015). Smart Specialization, regional growth and applications to EU Cohesion Policy. Regional Studies, 49(8), 1291–1302. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2013.799769
- McCann, P., & Ortega-Argilés, R. (2016). The early experience of Smart Specialization implementation in EU Cohesion Policy. European Planning Studies, 24(8), 1407–1427. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2016.1166177
- Metzger, J., & Schmitt, P. (2012). When soft spaces harden: The EU strategy for the Baltic Sea region. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 44(2), 263–280. doi: https://doi.org/10.1068/a44188
- Navarro, M., Gibaja, J. J., Franco, S., Murciego, A., Gianelle, C., Hegyi, F. B., & Kleibrink, A. (2014). Regional benchmarking in the Smart Specialization process: Identification of reference regions based on structural similarity (S3 Working Paper Series No. 03/2014, February). Seville: IPTS Institute for Prospective Technological Studies. Retrieved from http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/20182/114903/JRC89819_RegionalBenchmarking.pdf/699a6115-f685-4567-969d-921d116a304e
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2008). Handbook on constructing composite indicators: Methodology and user guide. Paris: OECD Publ.
- Pavone, P., Pagliacci, F., Russo, M., & Giorgi, A. (2019). R&I smart specialisation strategies: classification of EU regions’ priorities. Results from automatic text analysis. DEMB Working Paper Series No. 148. Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia. Retrieved from http://merlino.unimo.it/campusone/web_dep/wpdemb/0148.pdf
- R Core Team. (2015). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from http://www.R-project.org/
- Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379–423, 623–656. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
- Stead, D. (2014). European integration and spatial rescaling in the Baltic region: Soft spaces, soft planning and soft security. European Planning Studies, 22(4), 680–693. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.772731
- Tödtling, F., & Trippl, M. (2005). One size fits all? Towards a differentiated regional innovation policy approach. Research Policy, 34, 1203–1219. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.01.018
- Tryon, R. C. (1939). Cluster analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Ward, J. H. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58, 236–244. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845