REFERENCES
- Agnew, J. (2013). Arguing with regions. Regional Studies, 47(1), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2012.676738
- Ahrend, R., & Schumann, A. (2014). ‘Approaches to metropolitan area study’, approaches to metropolitan area governance: A country review. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
- Albrechts, L., Healey, P., & Kunzmann, K. R. (2003). Strategic spatial planning and regional governance in Europe. Journal of the American Planning Association, 69(2), 113–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360308976301
- Alden, J. (2006). Regional planning: An idea whose time has come? International Planning Studies, 11(3–4), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563470701203801
- Allmendinger, P., Haughton, G., Knieling, J., & Othengrafen, F. (2015). Soft spaces, planning and emerging practices of territorial governance. In P. Allmendinger, G. Haughton, J. Knieling, & F. Othengrafen (Eds.), Soft spaces in Europe: Re-negotiating governance, boundaries and borders (pp. 3–22). Routledge.
- Annoni, P., & Dijkstra, L. (2013). EU regional competitiveness index (RCI 2013). http://dx.publications.europa.eu/10.2788/61698
- ARL – Academy for Spatial Research and Planning. (2011). Strategic regional planning (Position Paper No. 84). ARL.
- Blotevogel, H. H., Danielzyk, R., & Münter, A. (2014). Spatial planning in Germany: Institutional inertia and new challenges. In M. Reimer, P. Getimēs, & H. H. Blotevogel (Eds.), Spatial planning systems and practices in Europe: A comparative perspective on continuity and changes (pp. 83–108). Routledge.
- Boddy, M., & Hickman, H. (2013). The demise of strategic planning? The impact of the abolition of regional spatial strategy in a growth region. Town Planning Review, 84(6), 743–768. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2013.38
- Buček, J., & Ryder, A. (Eds.). (2015). Governance in transition. Springer.
- Commission of the European Communities. (1997). The EU compendium of spatial planning systems and policies.
- Cowie, P., Madanipour, A., Davoudi, S., & Vigar, G. (2016b). Maintaining stable regional territorial governance institutions in times of change: Greater Manchester Combined Authority. In P. Schmitt & L. Van Well (Eds.), Territorial governance across Europe (pp. 141–156). Routledge.
- Cowie, P., Vigar, G., Davoudi, S., & Madanipour, A. (2016a). Hyper-local planning in England: Territorial governance at the neighbourhood scale. In P. Schmitt & L. Van Well (Eds.), Territorial governance across Europe (pp. 67–81). Routledge.
- Dąbrowski, M. (2014). EU Cohesion Policy, horizontal partnership and the patterns of sub-national governance: Insights from Central and Eastern Europe. European Urban and Regional Studies, 21(4), 364–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776413481983
- Deas, I., & Lord, A. (2006). From a new regionalism to an unusual regionalism? The emergence of non-standard regional spaces and lessons for the territorial reorganisation of the state. Urban Studies, 43(10), 1847–1877. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980600838143
- Demazière, C. (2018). Strategic spatial planning in a situation of fragmented local government: The case of France. DisP – The Planning Review, 54(2), 58–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2018.1487645
- Elinbaum, P., & Galland, D. (2016). Analysing contemporary metropolitan spatial plans in Europe through their institutional context, instrumental content and planning process. European Planning Studies, 24(1), 181–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2015.1036843
- Faludi, A. (2016). Territorial governance challenging government. In P. Schmitt & L. Van Well (Eds.), Territorial governance across Europe (pp. 36–47). Routledge.
- Fedeli, V. (2017). Metropolitan governance and metropolitan cities in Italy: Outdated solutions for processes of urban regionalisation? Raumforschung und Raumordnung, 75(3), 265–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13147-016-0430-7
- Foster, K. (2010). Policy and practice: Challenges ahead for US regional planning governance. Town Planning Review, 81(5), 485–503. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2010.21
- Friedmann, J. (1963). Regional planning as a field of study. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 29(3), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366308978061
- Friedmann, J., & Weaver, C. (1979). Territory and function. The evolution of regional planning. University of California Press.
- Galland, D. (2012). Understanding the reorientations and roles of spatial planning: The case of national planning policy in Denmark. European Planning Studies, 20(8), 1359–1392. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.680584
- Geppert, A. (2017). Vae Victis! Spatial planning in the rescaled metropolitan governance in France. Raumforschung und Raumordnung, 75(3), 225–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13147-017-0492-1
- Hall, P., & Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2019). Urban and regional planning (6th ed.). Routledge.
- Harrison, J., Galland, D., & Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2020). Regional planning is dead: Long live planning regional futures. Regional Studies, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1750580
- Haughton, G., & Allmendinger, P. (2013). Spatial planning and the new localism. Planning Practice and Research, 28(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2012.699706
- Healey, P. (2007). Urban complexity and spatial strategies: Towards a relational planning for our times. Routledge.
- Jones, M., & Paasi, A. (2013). Guest Editorial: Regional world(s): Advancing the geography of regions. Regional Studies, 47(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2013.746437
- Kaczmarek, T. (2016). Administrative division of Poland – 25 years of experience during the systemic transformation. EchoGéo, 35. https://doi.org/10.4000/echogeo.14514
- Kaczmarek, T., & Ryder, A. (2015). Top-down and bottom-up metropolitan integration in Poland. In J. Buček & A. Ryder (Eds.), Governance in transition (pp. 19–39). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5503-1_2
- Lennon, M., & Waldron, R. (2019). De-democratising the Irish planning system. European Planning Studies, 27(8), 1607–1625. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1595532
- Li, Y., & Wu, F. (2012). The transformation of regional governance in China: The Rescaling of statehood. Progress in Planning, 78(2), 55–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2012.03.001
- Mäntysalo, R., & Bäcklund, P. (2018). Flexibly networked, yet institutionally grounded: The governance of planning. In M. Gunder, A. Manadipour, & V. Watson (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of planning theory (pp. 237–249). Routledge.
- McGuinness, D., & Mawson, J. (2017). The rescaling of sub-national planning: Can localism resolve England’s spatial planning conundrum? Town Planning Review, 88(3), 283–303. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2017.19
- Metzger, J., Allmendinger, P., & Oosterlynck, S. (Eds.). (2015). Planning against the political: Democratic deficits in European territorial governance. Routledge.
- Metzger, J., & Schmitt, P. (2012). When soft spaces harden: The EU strategy for the Baltic Sea Region. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 44(2), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1068/a44188
- Morphet, J., & Pemberton, S. (2013). ‘Regions Out – Sub-Regions In’ – Can sub-regional planning break the mould? The view from England. Planning Practice and Research, 28(4), 384–399. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2013.767670
- Nadin, V., Fernández Maldonado, A. M., Zonneveld, W., Stead, D., Dąbrowski, M., Piskorek, K., Sarkar, A., Schmitt, P., Smas, L., Cotella, G., Janin Rivolin, U., Solly, A., Berisha, E., Pede, E., Seardo, B. M., Komornicki, T., Goch, K., Bednarek-Szczepańska, M., Degórska, B., … Münter, A. (2018a). COMPASS – Comparative Analysis of Territorial Governance and Spatial Planning Systems in Europe. Applied Research 2016–2018: Final Report. ESPON and TU Delft.
- Nadin, V., Fernández Maldonado, A. M., Zonneveld, W., Stead, D., Dąbrowski, M., Piskorek, K., Sarkar, A., Schmitt, P., Smas, L., Cotella, G., Janin Rivolin, U., Solly, A., Berisha, E., Pede, E., Seardo, B. M., Komornicki, T., Goch, K., Bednarek-Szczepańska, M., Degórska, B., … Münter, A. (2018b). COMPASS – Comparative Analysis of Territorial Governance and Spatial Planning Systems in Europe. Final Report – Additional Volume 2 – Methodology. ESPON Coordination Unit.
- Nadin, V., & Stead, D. (2008). European spatial planning systems, social models and learning. disP – The Planning Review, 44(172), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2008.10557001
- Neuman, M. (2007). Multi-scalar large institutional networks in regional planning. Planning Theory and Practice, 8(3), 319–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649350701514645
- Neuman, M., & Zonneveld, W. (2018). The resurgence of regional design. European Planning Studies, 26(7), 1297–1311. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2018.1464127
- Newman, P., & Thornley, A. (1996). Urban planning in Europe: International competition, national systems and planning projects. Routledge.
- Olesen, K. (2012). Soft spaces as vehicles for neoliberal transformations of strategic spatial planning? Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 30(5), 910–923. https://doi.org/10.1068/c11241
- Olesen, K. (2014). The neoliberalisation of strategic spatial planning. Planning Theory, 13(3), 288–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095213499340
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2017). Land-use planning systems in the OECD: Country fact sheets. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264268579-en
- Paasi, A., & Metzger, J. (2017). Foregrounding the region. Regional Studies, 51(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2016.1239818
- Priebs, A. (2018). Regionalplanung. In Handwörterbuch der Stadt- und Raumentwicklung (pp. 2047–2062). ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
- Purkarthofer, E. (2018). Diminishing borders and conflating spaces: A storyline to promote soft planning scales. European Planning Studies, 26(5), 1008–1027. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2018.1430750
- Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2008). The rise of the ‘city-region’ concept and its development policy implications. European Planning Studies, 16(8), 1025–1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310802315567
- Roodbol-Mekkes, P. H., & van den Brink, A. (2015). Rescaling spatial planning: Spatial planning reforms in Denmark, England, and the Netherlands. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 33(1), 184–198. https://doi.org/10.1068/c12134
- Schmitt, P., & Smas, L. (2019). Shifting political conditions for spatial planning in the Nordic countries. In A. Eraydin & K. Frey (Eds.), Politics and conflicts in governance and planning (pp. 133–150). Routledge.
- Sielker, F., & Rauhut, D. (2018). The rise of macro-regions in Europe. In E. Medeiros (Ed.), European territorial cooperation (pp. 153–169). Springer.
- Smas, L., & Lidmo, J. (2019). Organising regions: Spatial planning and territorial governance practices in two Swedish regions. Europa XXI, 35, 21–36. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2018.35.2
- Soja, E. (2015). Accentuate the regional. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 39(2), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12176
- Tait, M., & Hansen, C. (2013). Trust and governance in regional planning. Town Planning Review, 84(3), 283–312. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2013.17
- Tasan-Kok, T., & Baeten, G. (Eds.). (2012). Contradictions of neoliberal planning: Cities, policies, and politics. Springer.
- Tewdwr-Jones, M., Gallent, N., & Morphet, J. (2010). An anatomy of spatial planning: Coming to terms with the spatial element in UK planning. European Planning Studies, 18(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310903491572
- Vallée, D. (Ed.). (2012). Strategische regional planung ( Forschungs- und Sitzungsberichte der ARL, Band 237). ARL.
- van Straalen, F. M., & Witte, P. A. (2018). Entangled in scales: Multilevel governance challenges for regional planning strategies. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 5(1), 157–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2018.1455533
- Varró, K., & Lagendijk, A. (2013). Conceptualizing the region – In what sense relational? Regional Studies, 47(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.602334
- Vinci, I. (2019). Governing the metropolitan dimension: A critical perspective on institutional reshaping and planning innovation in Italy. European Journal of Spatial Development, 70, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.30689/EJSD2018:70.1650-9544
- Wannop, U. (1995). The regional imperative: Regional planning in Britain, Europe and the United States. Routledge.
- Waterhout, B., Othengrafen, F., & Sykes, O. (2013). Neo-liberalization processes and spatial planning in France, Germany, and the Netherlands: An exploration. Planning Practice and Research, 28(1), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2012.699261
- Zimmerbauer, K., & Paasi, A. (2019). Hard work with soft spaces (and vice versa): Problematizing the transforming planning spaces. European Planning Studies, 28(4), 771–789. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1653827
- Zimmermann, K. (2017). Re-scaling of metropolitan governance in Germany. Raumforschung und Raumordnung, 75(3), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13147-017-0480-5