Regional technological diversification and the global network of embodied R&D: evidence from the exposure of European regions

REFERENCES

• Ambos, B., Brandl, K., Perri, A., Scalera, V. G., & Van Assche, A. (2021). The nature of innovation in global value chains. Journal of World Business, 56(4), 101221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2021.101221
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson, M., Bjerke, L., & Karlsson, C. (2013). Import flows: Extraregional linkages stimulating renewal of regional sectors? Environment and Planning A, 45(12), 2999–3017. https://doi.org/10.1068/a45732
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonietti, R., & Montresor, S. (2021). Going beyond relatedness: Regional diversification trajectories and Key enabling technologies (KETs) in Italian regions. Economic Geography, 97(2), 187–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2021.1920390
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascani, A., Bettarelli, L., Resmini, L., & Balland, P. A. (2020). Global networks, local specialisation and regional patterns of innovation. Research Policy, 49(8), 104031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asheim, B. T., & Coenen, L. (2005). Knowledge bases and regional innovation systems: Comparing Nordic clusters. Research Policy, 34(8), 1173–1190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahar, D., & Rapoport, H. (2014). Migration, knowledge diffusion and the comparative advantage of nations (Working Paper). Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Balland, P. A. (2016). Relatedness and the geography of innovation. In R. Shearmu, C. Carrincazeaux, & D. Doloreux (Eds.), Handbook on the geographies of innovation (pp. 127–141). Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Balland, P. A., & Boschma, R. (2021). Complementary interregional linkages and smart specialisation: An empirical study on European regions. Regional Studies, 55(6), 1059–1070. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1861240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balland, P. A., Boschma, R., Crespo, J., & Rigby, D. L. (2019). Smart specialisation policy in the European union: Relatedness, knowledge complexity and regional diversification. Regional Studies, 53(9), 1252–1268. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1437900
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binz, C., Truffer, B., & Coenen, L. (2016). Path creation as a process of resource alignment and anchoring: Industry formation for onsite water recycling in Beijing. Economic Geography, 92(2), 172–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2015.1103177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonfiglio, A. (2009). On the parameterisation of techniques for representing regional economic structures. Economic Systems Research, 21(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/09535310902995727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. (2017). Relatedness as driver of regional diversification: A research agenda. Regional Studies, 51(3), 351–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2016.1254767
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. (2021). Global value chains from an evolutionary economic geography perspective: A research agenda (Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography No. 21.34).
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R., Martin, V., & Minondo, A. (2016). Neighbour regions as the source of new industries. Papers in Regional Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12215.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canay, I. A. (2011). A simple approach to quantile regression for panel data. The Econometrics Journal, 14(3), 368–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2011.00349.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castellani, D., Marin, G., Montresor, S., & Zanfei, A. (2022). Greenfield foreign direct investments and regional environmental technologies. Research Policy, 51(1), 104405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaminade, C., De Fuentes, C., Harirchi, G., & Plechero, M. (2016). The geography and structure of global innovation networks: Global scope and regional embeddedness. In R. Shearmur, C. Carrincazeaux, & D. Doloreux (Eds.), Handbook on geographies of innovation (pp. 370–381). Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Chaminade, C., & Plechero, M. (2015). Do regions make a difference? Regional innovation systems and global innovation networks in the ICT industry. European Planning Studies, 23(2), 215–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.861806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colozza, F., & Pietrobelli, C. (2021). Relatedness and global value chains as drivers of new specialisations in the EU regions (unpublished).
   Google Scholar
• Cooke, P. (2013). Global production networks and global innovation networks: Stability versus growth. European Planning Studies, 21(7), 1081–1094. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.733854
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke, P. (2017). Complex spaces: Global innovation networks & territorial innovation systems in information & communication technologies. Journal of Open Innovation, 3(2017), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40852-017-0060-5
   Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., Dyèvre, A., & Neffke, F. (2022). Innovation catalysts: How multinationals reshape the global geography of innovation. Economic Geography, 98(3), 199–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2022.2026766
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., Gagliardi, L., & Iammarino, S. (2015). Foreign multinationals and domestic innovation: Intra-industry effects and firm heterogeneity. Research Policy, 44(3), 596–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.12.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, B., & Maré, D. C. (2021). Relatedness, complexity and local growth. Regional Studies, 55(3), 479–494. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1802418
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elekes, Z., Boschma, R., & Lengyel, B. (2019). Foreign-owned firms as agents of structural change in regions. Regional Studies, 53(11), 1603–1613. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1596254
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernst, D. (2009). A new geography of knowledge in the electronics industry? Asia’s role in global innovation networks. Policy Studies, (54), 1–65.
   Google Scholar
• Flegg, A. T., Webber, C. D., & Elliott, M. V. (1995). On the appropriate use of location quotients in generating regional input–output tables. Regional Studies, 29(6), 547–561. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409512331349173
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fusillo, F., Montresor, S., & Vittucci Marzetti, G. (2024). The global network of product-embodied R&D flows: have national boundaries really faded away?. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 68, 43–61.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G. (2019). Economic upgrading in global value chains. In S. Ponte, G. Gereffi & G. Raj-Reichert (Eds.), Handbook on Global Value Chains, (ch. 14), 240–254, Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Giuliani, E. (2007). The selective nature of knowledge networks in clusters: Evidence from the wine industry. Journal of Economic Geography, 7(2), 139–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan, J., & Chen, Z. (2009). The technological system of Chinese manufacturing industry: A sectorial approach. China Economic Review, 20(4), 767–776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2009.05.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hane-Weijman, E., Eriksson, R. H., & Rigby, D. (2021). How do occupational relatedness and complexity condition employment dynamics in periods of growth and recession? Regional Studies, 56(7), 1176–1189. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1984420
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartog, M. (2015). The impact of top managers and top technicians on plant diversification (Working Paper). Utrecht University.
   Google Scholar
• Hassink, R., Isaksen, A., & Trippl, M. (2019). Towards a comprehensive understanding of new regional industrial path development. Regional Studies, 53(11), 1636–1645. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1566704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, C., Yan, Y., & Rigby, D. (2018). Regional industrial evolution in China. Papers in Regional Science, 97(2), 173–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hesse, K., & Fornahl, D. (2020). Essential ingredients for radical innovations? The role of (un-) related variety and external linkages in Germany (Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) No. 20.07). Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning.
   Google Scholar
• Ivanova, O., Kancs, D., & Thissen, M. (2019). Regional trade flows and input–output data for Europe. European Commission, JRC, 118892.
   Google Scholar
• Kano, L., Tsang, E. W. K., & Yeung, H. W. (2020). Global value chains: A review of the multidisciplinary literature. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(4), 577–622. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00304-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowalewksi, J. (2015). Regionalisation of national input–output tables: Empirical evidence on the use of the FLQ formula. Regional Studies, 49(2), 240–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2013.766318
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leoncini, R., Maggioni, M. A., & Montresor, S. (1996). Intersectoral innovation flows and national technological systems: Network analysis for comparing Italy and Germany. Research Policy, 25(3), 415–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(95)00843-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leoncini, R., & Montresor, S. (2003). Technological systems and intersectoral innovation flows. Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Lybbert, T. J., & Zolas, N. J. (2014). Getting patents and economic data to speak to each other: An ‘algorithmic links with probabilities’ approach for joint analyses of patenting and economic activity. Research Policy, 43(3), 530–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, R., Aslesen, H. W., Grillitsch, M., & Herstad, S. J. (2018). Regional innovation systems and global flows of knowledge. In Isaksen, A., Martin, M., & Trippl, M. (Eds.), New avenues for regional innovation systems – Theoretical advances, empirical cases and policy lessons (ch. 6), 127–147. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71661-9_7
   Google Scholar
• McCann, P., & Dewhurst, J. H. L. (1998). Regional size, industrial location and input–output expenditure coefficients. Regional Studies, 32(5), 435–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409850116835
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miguelez, E., & Moreno, R. (2018). Relatedness, external linkages and regional innovation in Europe. Regional Studies, 52(5), 688–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1360478
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miguelez, E., & Morrison, A. (2021). Migrant inventors as agents of technological change (IREA Working Papers No. 202114). University of Barcelona, Research Institute of Applied Economics.
   Google Scholar
• Miguélez, E., & Moreno, R. (2015). Knowledge flows and the absorptive capacity of regions. Research Policy, 44(4), 833–848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2015.01.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montresor, S., & Quatraro, F. (2017). Regional branching and Key enabling technologies: Evidence from European patent data. Economic Geography, 93(4), 367–396. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2017.1326810
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montresor, S., & Quatraro, F. (2020). Green technologies and smart specialisation strategies: A European patent-based analysis of the intertwining of technological relatedness and key enabling technologies. Regional Studies, 54(10), 1354–1365. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1648784
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montresor, S., & Vittucci Marzetti, G. (2008). Innovation clusters in technological systems: A network analysis of 15 OECD countries for the mid-1990s. Industry and Innovation, 15(3), 321–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662710802041679
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison, A. (2008). Gatekeepers of knowledge within industrial districts: Who they are, how they interact. Regional Studies, 42(6), 817–835. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400701654178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neffke, F., Hartog, M., Boschma, R., & Henning, M. (2018). Agents of structural change: The role of firms and entrepreneurs in regional diversification. Economic Geography, 94(1), 23–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2017.1391691
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman, M. E. J. (2003). The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Review, 45(2), 167–256. https://doi.org/10.1137/S003614450342480
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell, W. W., & Giannella, E. (2010). Collective invention and inventor networks. In B. Hall & N. Rosenberg Handbook of the economics of innovation, Vol. 1, (ch. 13), 575–605.
   Google Scholar
• Rigby, D. L. (2015). Technological relatedness and knowledge space: Entry and exit of US cities from patent classes. Regional Studies, 49(11), 1922–1937. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2013.854878
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santoalha, A., Consoli, D., & Castellacci, F. (2021). Digital skills, relatedness and green diversification: A study of European regions. Research Policy, 50(9), 104340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104340
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santoalha, A. M. (2019). Technological diversification in European regions (PhD thesis). TIK Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Oslo.
   Google Scholar
• Scherngell, T. (2021). The geography of R&D collaboration networks. In Fischer, M.M., Nijkamp, P. (Eds.) Handbook of Regional Science, 869–887, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60723-7_109
   Google Scholar
• Scherngell, T., Schwegmann, K., & Zahradnik, G. (2023). The geographical dynamics of global R&D collaboration networks in robotics: Evidence from co-patenting activities across urban areas worldwide. PLoS ONE, 18(4), e0281353. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soo, A. S., & Ghazinoory, S. (2011). The network of the Iranian techno-economic system. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 78(4), 591–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoerri, C., Borsuk, M., Peters, I., & Reichert, P. (2007). The economic impacts of river rehabilitation: A regional input–output analysis. Ecological Economics, 62(2), 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taalbi, J. (2020). Evolution and structure of technological systems. An innovation output network. Research Policy, 49(8), 104010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanner, A. N. (2014). Regional branching reconsidered: Emergence of the fuel cell industry in European regions. Economic Geography, 90(4), 403–427. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecge.12055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thissen, M., Lankhuizen, M., van Oort, F., Los, B., & Diodato, D. (2018). EUREGIO: The construction of a global IO database with regional detail for Europe for 2000–2010 (Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper No. 2018-084/VI). https://ssrn.com/abstract=3285818 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3285818
   Google Scholar
• Tomasello, M. V., Napoletano, M., Garas, A., & Schweitzer, F. (2017). The rise and fall of R&D networks. Industrial and Corporate Change, 26(4), 617–646.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trippl, M. (2013). Scientific mobility and knowledge transfer at the interregional and intraregional level. Regional Studies, 47(10), 1653–1667. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2010.549119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner, C. S., & Leydesdorff, L. (2005). Network structure, self-organisation, and the growth of international collaboration in science. Research Policy, 34(10), 1608–1618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.08.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittle, A., Lengyel, B., & Kogler, D. F. (2020). Understanding regional branching knowledge diversification via inventor collaboration networks. Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography, 2006, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography.
   Google Scholar
• World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). (2019). The geography of innovation: Local hotspots, global networks. WIPO.
   Google Scholar
• Zhu, S., Hey, C., & Zhou, Y. (2017). How to jump further and catch up? Path-breaking in an uneven industry space. Journal of Economic Geography, 17(3), 521–545.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar