Aardwolf adaptations: a review

REFERENCES

• ANDERSON M.D. 1987 The foraging behaviour of the snouted harvester termite Trinervitermes trinervoides in relation to different environmental factors. Unpublished B.Sc. Honours Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
   Google Scholar
• ANDERSON M.D. 1994 The influence of seasonality and quality of diet on the metabolism of the aardwolf, Proteles cristatus (Sparrman 1783). Unpublished M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
   Google Scholar
• ANDERSON , M. D. and RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1992 . Remote immobilization of the aardwolf . South African Journal of Science , 22 : 26 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• ANDERSON , M. D. , RICHARDSON , P. R.K. and WOODALL , P. F. 1992 . A functional analysis of the feeding apparatus and digestive tract anatomy of the aardwolf . Proteles cristatus. Journal of Zoology, London , 228 : 423 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANDERSON , M. D. , WILLIAMS , J. B. and RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1997 . Laboratory metabolism and evaporative water loss of the aardwolf . Physiological Zoology , 70 : 464 – 469 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AUSTIN , P. J. , SUCHAR , L. A. , ROBBINS , C. T. and HAGERMAN , A. E. 1989 . Tannin-binding proteins in saliva of deer and their absence in saliva of sheep and cattle . Journal of Chemical Ecology , 15 : 1335 – 1347 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BAKKO , E. B. and NAHORNIAK , J. 1986 . Torpor patterns in captive white-tailed prairie dog Cynomys leucurus . Journal of Mammalogy , 67 : 576 – 578 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHEW , R. M. 1965 . “ Water metabolism of mammals ” . In Physiological Mammalogy Edited by: Mayer , W. and van Gelder , R. G. Vol. 2 , 43 – 155 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• CHIVERS , D. J. and HLADICK , C. M. 1980 . Morphology of the gastrointestinal tract in Primates: Comparisons with other mammals in relation to diet . Journal of Morphology , 166 : 337 – 386 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• COOPER , R. L. and SKINNER , J. D. 1979 . Importance of termites in the diet of the aardwolf Proteles cristatus in southern Africa . South African Journal of Zoology , 14 : 5 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• EWER , R. F. 1973 . The carnivores 494 London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson .
   Google Scholar
• GEISER , F. 1988 . Reduction of metabolism during hibernation and daily torpor in mammals and birds: temperature effect or physiological inhibition? . Journal of Comparative Physiology , 158 : 25 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRIFFITHS , M. 1968 . Echidnas 282 Oxford : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• HAYSSEN , V. and LACY , R. C. 1985 . Basal metabolic rates in mammals: taxonomic differences in the allometry of BMR and body mass . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , 81 : 741 – 754 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HELDMAIER , G. and STEINLECHNER , S. 1981 . Seasonal pattern and energetics of shallow daily torpor in the Djungarian hamster . Phodopus sungorus. Oecologia , 48 : 265 – 270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HEWITT , P. H. , NEL , J. J.C. and SCHOEMAN , I. 1972 . The solar and ultraviolet radiation tolerances of several termite species . Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa , 35 : 119 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• KLEIBER , M. 1961 . The fire of life 454 New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• KOEHLER , C. E. and RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1990 . Proteles cristatus . Mammalian Species , 363 : 1 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• KRATZING , J. E. and WOODALL , P. F. 1988 . The rostral nasal anatomy of two elephant shrews . Journal of Anatomy , 157 : 135 – 143 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KRUUK , H. and SANDS , W. A. 1972 . The aardwolf (Proteles cristatus Sparmann 1783) as a predator of termites . East African Wildlife Journal , 10 : 211 – 227 .
   Google Scholar
• KUHNEN , G. 1986 . O2 and CO2 concentrations in burrows of euthermic and hibernating golden hamsters . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , 84A : 517 – 522 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIFSON , N. M. and MCCLINTOCK , R. 1966 . Theory of use of turnover rates of body water for measuring energy and material balance . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 12 : 46 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LYMAN , C. P. 1963 . Hibernation in mammals and birds . American Scientist , 51 : 127 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MADGE , D. S. 1975 . The mammalian alimentary system: a functional approach 195 New York : Crane, Russak & Company, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• MCNAB , B. K. 1984 . Physiological convergence amongst ant-eating and termite-eating mammals . Journal of Zoology, London , 302 : 485 – 510 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NAGY , K. A. 1980 . CO2 production in animals: an analysis of potential errors in the doubly-labeled water method . American Journal of Physiology , 238 : R466 – R473 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NAGY , K. A. 1987 . Field metabolic rate and food requirement scaling in mammals and birds . Ecological Monographs , 57 : 111 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NOLL-BANHOLZER , U. 1979 . Body temperature, oxygen consumption, evaporative water loss, and heart rate in the fennec . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , 62A : 585 – 592 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PHELPS , R. J. , STRUTHERS , J. K. and MOHO , S. J.L. 1975 . Investigations into the nutritive value of Macrotermes falciger (Isoptera: Termitidae) . Zoologica Africana , 10 : 123 – 132 .
   Google Scholar
• PRESTWICH , G. D. 1983 . The chemical defenses of termites . Scientific American , 249 : 68 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PROTHERO , J. and JURGENS , K. D. 1986 . An energetic model of daily torpor in endotherms . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 121 : 403 – 415 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REDFORD , K. H. 1987 . “ Ants and termites as food. Patterns of mammalian myrmecophagy ” . In Current Mammalogy Edited by: Genoways , H. H. Vol. 1 , 349 – 399 . New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• REDFORD , K. H. and DOREA , J. G. 1984 . The nutritional value of invertebrates with emphasis on ants and termites as food for mammals . Journal of Zoology, London , 203 : 385 – 395 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RICHARDSON P.R.K. 1985 The social behaviour and ecology of the aardwolf, Proteles cristatus (Sparrman, 1783) in relation to its food resources. Unpublished D. Phil. thesis, University of Oxford, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1987a . Food consumption and seasonal variation in the diet of the aardwolf Proteles cristatus in southern Africa . Zeitskrift für Säugetierkunde , 52 : 307 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1987b . Aardwolf: the most highly specialized myrmecophagous mammal? . South African Journal of Science , 83 : 405 – 410 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROCK , P. and WILLIAMS , O. 1979 . Change in lipid content of the montane vole . Acta Theriologia , 24 : 237 – 247 .
   Google Scholar
• SAVAGE , R. J.G. 1978 . “ Carnivora ” . In Evolution of African Mammals Edited by: Maglio , V. J. and Cooke , H. B.S. 249 – 267 . Cambridge : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• SCHMIDT-NIELSEN , K. 1985 . Animal physiology: adaptation and natural environment 619 London : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• SCHMIDT-NIELSEN , B. and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN , K. 1950 . Pulmonary water loss in desert rodents . American Journal of Physiology , 162 : 31 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SKAIFE , S. H. 1953 . African insect life 387 Longmans, Cape Town and New York : Green and Co. .
   Google Scholar
• SKINNER , J. D. and SMITHERS , R. H.N. 1990 . The mammals of the southern African subregion , 2nd edn 770 Pretoria : University of Pretoria .
   Google Scholar
• STANIER , M. W. , MOUNT , L. E. and BLIGH , J. 1984 . Energy balance and temperature regulation 152 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• THORNWAITE , C. W. 1940 . Atmospheric moisture in relation to ecological problems . Ecology , 21 : 17 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• TIETJE , W. D. and RUFF , R. L. 1980 . Denning behaviour of black bears in boreal forest of Alberta . Journal of Wildlife Management , 44 : 858 – 870 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TURNBULL , W. D. 1970 . Mammalian masticatory apparatus . Fieldiana (Geology) , 18 : 147 – 356 .
   Google Scholar
• VAUGHAN , T. A. 1986 . Mammalogy 159 – 164 . Philadelphia : CBS College Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• VOGT , F. D. and LYNCH , G. R. 1982 . Influence of ambient temperature, nest availability, huddling, and daily torpor on energy expenditure in the white-footed mouse . Peromyscus leucopus. Physiological Zoology , 55 : 56 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• WANG , L. C.H. and WOLOWYK , M. W. 1988 . Torpor in mammals and birds . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 66 : 133 – 137 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WEAST , R. C. 1985 . The CRC handbook of chemistry and physics 2362 Boca Raton : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , J. B. , ANDERSON , M. D. and RICHARDSON , P. R.K. 1997 . Seasonal differences in field metabolism, water requirements, and foraging behaviour of free-living aardwolves in South Africa . Ecology , 78 : 2588 – 2602 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WUNDER , B. A. 1975 . A model for estimating metabolic rate of active and resting mammals . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar