REFERENCES
- Liischer TF, Vanhoutte PM. The endothelium: modulator of cardiovascular function. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1990.
- Liischer TF. The endothelium in cardiovascular disease. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1995.
- Furchgott RF, Zawadski JV. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature 1980; 299: 373 — 6.
- Palmer RM, Ferrige AG, Moncada S. Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Nature 1987; 327: 524 — 6.
- De Caterina R, Libby P, Peng HB, Thannickal VJ, Rajavashisth TB, Gimbrone Ma Jr, et al. Nitric oxide decreases cytokine-induced endothelial acti-vation. Nitric oxide selectively reduces endothelial expression of adhesion molecules and proinflam-matory cytokines. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 60 — 8.
- Yangisawa M, Kurihara H, Kimura S, Tomobe Y, Kobayashi M, Mitsui Y, etal. A novel potent vaso-constrictior peptide produced by vascular endothe-lial cells. Nature 1988; 332: 411 —15.
- Boulanger C, Lilscher TF. Release of endothelin from the porcine aorta. Inhibition of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. J Chin Invest 1990; 85: 587–90.
- Hirata Y, Takagi Y, Fukuda Y, Marumo F. Endothelin is a potent mitogen for rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 1989; 78: 225 — 8.
- Calver A, Collier J, Moncada S, Vallance P. Effect of local intraarterial N-monomethyl-L- arginine in patients with hypertension; the nitric oxide dilator mechanism appears abnormal. J Hypertens 1992; 10: 1025 — 31.
- Clozel M, Gray GA, Breu V, Löffler BM, Osterwalder R. The endothelin ETB receptor med-iates both vasodilation and vasoconstriction in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 186: 867 — 73.
- Kourembanas S, McQuillan LP, Leung GK, Faller DV. Nitric oxide regulates the expression of vaso-constrictors and growth factors by vascular endothelium under both normoxia and hypoxia. J Clin Invest 1993: 99 — 104.
- Panza JA, Quyyumi AA, Brush Jr JE, Epstein SE. Abnormal endothelium-dependent vascular relaxa-tion in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 22–7.
- Hirooka Y, Imaizumi T, Masaki H, Ando S, Harada S, Momohara M, Takeshita A. Captopril improves impaired endothelium-dependent vaso-dilation in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1992; 20: 175–80.
- Taddei S, Virdis A, Mattei P, Salvetti A. Vasodila-tion to acetylcholine in primary and secondary forms of hypertension. Hypertension 1993; 21: 929 — 33.
- Linder L, Kiowski W, Biihler H, Löscher TF. Indir-ect evidence for the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor in the human forearm circulation in vivo: blunted response in essential hypertension. Circulation 1990; 81: 1762 — 7.
- Millard J, Sarabi M, Flagg A, Lind L. Captopril, but not nifedipine, improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 1998; 12: 511 — 6.
- Cockcroft JR, Chowienczyk PJ, Benjamin N, Ritter JM. Preserved endothelium dependent vasodilata-tion in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1994; 300: 1036–40.
- Bruning TA, Chang PC, Kemme MJB, Vermeij P, Pfaffendorf M, van Zweiten PA. Comparison of cholinergic vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and metacholine in the human forearm. Blood Pressure 1996; 5: 333 — 41.
- Lind L, Sarabi M, Millgárd J. Methodological aspects of the evaluation of endothelium-depen-dent vasodilatation in the human forearm. Clin Physiol 1998; 18: 81 — 7.
- Granstam SO, Granstam E, Fellström B, Lind L. Effects of NO-synthase inhibition and ETA-recep-tor blockade on hemodynamics in hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1998; 25: 693 — 701.
- Panza JA, Quyyumi AA, Callahan TS, Epstein SE. Effect of antihypertensive treatment on endothe-lium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with essential hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 1145 — 51.
- Creager MA, Roddy MA. Effect of captopril and enalapril on endothelial function in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1994; 24: 499 — 505.
- Pollock DM, Keith TL, Highsmith RF. Endothelin receptors and calcium signaling. FASEB J 1995; 9: 1196 — 204.