Long‐term prognosis of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a 15‐year follow‐up study of 100 Norwegian patients admitted to one unit

References

• Ratnof OD, Patek AJ. Postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver. J Chronic Dis 1955;I:266–91.
   Google Scholar
• Garceau AJ, and the Boston Inter-Hospital Liver Group. The natural history of cirrhosis. II. The influence of alcohol and prior hepatitis on pathology and prognosis. N Engl J Med 1964;271: 1173–9.
   Google Scholar
• Powell WJ, Klatskin G. Duration of survival in patients with Laennec’s cirrhosis. Influence of alcohol withdrawal and possible effects of recent changes in general management of the disease. Am J Med 1968;44:406–20.
   Google Scholar
• Soterakis J, Resnick RH, Iber FL. Effect of alcohol abstinence on survival in cirrhotic portal hypertension. Lancet 1973;II:65–7.
   Google Scholar
• Pande NV, Resnick RH, Yee W, Volker F, Eckardt F, Shurberg JL. Cirrhotic portal hypertension: morbidity of continued alcoholism. Gastroenterology 1978;74:64–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunt PW, Kew MC, Scheuer PJ, Sherlock S. Studies in alcoholic liver disease in Britain. I. Clinical and pathological patterns related to natural history. Gut 1974;15:52–8.
   Google Scholar
• Alves PS, Correia JP, Borda d’Agua C, Portugal L, Capaz V, Rodrigues ML, et al. Alcoholic liver diseases in Portugal. Clinical and laboratory picture, mortality, and survival. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1982;6:216–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orrego H, Blake JE, Blendis LM, Medline A. Prognosis of alcoholic cirrhosis in the presence and absence of alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1987;92:208–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marosi L, Ferenci P, Dragosics B, Kiss F, Pollak C, Minar E. Zur Prognose der Leberzirrhose: Ergebnisse einer 14 jahringen klinischen Folgestudie. Schweiz MedWschr. 1983;113:1586–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tygstrup N, Kragh Andersen P, Lykke Riegels Thomsen B. Prognostic evaluation in alcoholic cirrhosis. Acta Med Scand 1985;703:149–56.
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka R, Toshima T, NagashimaH. Follow-up study of582 liver cirrhosis patients for 26 years in Japan. Liver 1987;7: 316–24.
   Google Scholar
• Bouchier IAD, Hislop WS, Prescott RJ. A prospective study of alcoholic liver disease and mortality. J Hepatology 1992;6:290–7.
   Google Scholar
• Koff RS, Dienstag JL. Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C and the association with alcoholic liver disease. Semin Liv Dis 1995;15:101–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pugh RNH, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 1973;60:646–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders JB, Walters JR, Davies AP, Paton A. A 20-year prospective study of cirrhosis. Br Med J 1981;24:263–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orholm M, Sørensen TIA, Bentsen K, Høybye G, Eghøje K, Christoffersen P. Mortality ofalcohol abusing men prospectively assessed in relation to history of abuse and degree of liver injury. Liver 1985;5:253–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sorensen HT, Thulstrup AM, Mellemkjar L, Jepsen P, Christensen E, Olsen JH, et al. Long-term survival and cause specific mortality in patients with cirrhosis of the liver: a nationwide cohort study in Denmark. J Clin Epidemiol [year of issue?];56: 88–93.
   Google Scholar
• Mendenhall CL, Seeff L, Diehl AM, Ghosn SJ, French SW, Gartside PS, et al. Antibodies to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis: their prevalence and clinical relevance. The VA Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology 1991;14:581–9.
   Google Scholar
• Borowsky SA, Strome S, Lott E. Continued heavy drinking and survival in alcoholic cirrhotics. Gastroenterology 1981; 80: 1405–9.
   Google Scholar
• C Diehl AM. Alcoholic liver disease: natural history. Liver Transp Surg 1997;3:206–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pessione F, Ramond MJ, Peters L, Pham BN, Batel P, Rueff B, et al. Five-year survival predictive factors in patients with excessive alcohol intake and cirrhosis. Effect of alcoholic hepatitis, smoking and abstinence. Liver Int 2003;23:45–53.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan MY. The prognosis and outcome of alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl 1994;2:335–43.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCormick PA, Morgan MY, Phillips A, Yin TP, McIntire N, Burroughs AK. The effects of alcohol use on rebleeding and mortality in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis following variceal haemorrhage. J Hepatology 1991;14:99–103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gluud C, Henriksen JH, Nielsen G, and the Copenhagen Study Group for Liver Diseases. Prognostic indicators in alcoholic cirrhotic men. Hepatology 1988;8:222–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherlock S, Dooley J. Diseases of the liver and biliary system. 11th ed. London: Blackwell Scientific; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Pares A, Caballeria J, Bruguera MK, Torres M, Rodes J. Histological course of alcoholic hepatitis. Influence of abstinence, sex and extent of hepatic damage. J Hepatology 1986;2: 33–42.
   Google Scholar
• Christensen E, Schlichting P, Kragh Andersen P, Fauerholdt L, Schou G, Vestergaard Pedersen B, et al. Updating prognosis and therapeutic effect evaluation in cirrhosis with Cox’s multiple regression model for time-dependent variables. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986;21:163–74.
   Google Scholar
• Kumashiro R, Sata M, Ishii K, Koga Y, Furudera S, Seo J, et al. Prognostic factors for short-term survival in alcoholic hepatitis in Japan: analysis by logistic regression. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1996;20 Suppl:383A–386A.
   Google Scholar
• Keiding S, Badsberg JH, Becker U, Bentsen KD, Bonnevie O, Caballeria J, et al. The prognosis of patient with alcoholic liver disease. An international randomised, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of malotilate on survival. J Hepatology 1994;20:454–60.
   Google Scholar
• Perillo RP, Griffin R, DeSchryver-Kecskemeti K, Lander JJ, Zuckerman GR. Alcoholic liver disease presenting with a marked elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. A combined clinical and pathological study. Am J Dig Dis 1978;23:1061–6.
   Google Scholar
• Albers I, Hartmann H, Bircher J, Creutzfeldt W. Superiority of the Child-Pugh classification to quantitative liver function tests for assessing prognosis of liver cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989;24:269–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chedid A, Mendenhall CL, Gartside P, French SW, Chen T, Rabin L. Prognostic factors in alcoholic liver disease. VA Cooperative Study Group. Am J Gastroenterol 1991;86:210–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujimoto M, Uemera M, Kojima Y, Ishii Y, Ann T, Sakurai S, et al. Prognostic factors in severe alcoholic injury. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1999;23 Suppl:33S–8S.
   Google Scholar
• Boberg KM, Rocca G, Egeland T, Bergquist A, Broome U, Caballeria L, et al. Time-dependent Cox regression model is superior in prediction of prognosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology 2002;35:652–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poynard T, Barthelemy P, Fratte S, Boudjema K, Doffoel M, Vanlemmens C, et al. Evaluation of efficacy of liver transplantation in alcoholic cirrhosis by case-control study and simulated controls. Lancet 1994;34:502–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar