References
- Conn HO, Lieberthal MM. The hepatic coma syndromes and lactulose. Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore 1979; 419
- Conn HO, Bircher J. Hepatic encephalopathy, syndromes and therapies. Medi-Ed Press, Bloomington, IL 1994
- Bain VG, Bailey RJ, Jhamandas JH. Postshunt myelopathy. J Clin Gastroenterol 1991; 13: 562–4
- Mendoza G, Marti-Fabregas J, Kulisevsky J, Escartin A. Hepatic myelopathy: a rare complication of portacaval shunt. Eur Neurol 1994; 34: 209–12
- Rössle M, Schmidt M, Braune S, Sieger-stetter V, Ochs A, Landwehrmejer C, , et al. Hepatic myelopathy following TIPS implantation: a case report. 10th ISHE Conference, Istanbul, 1999 [abstract].
- Pugh RNH, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson IL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 1973; 60: 646–9
- Conn HO. A peek at the Child-Turcotte classification. Hepatology 1981; 1: 673–6
- Anand BA, Agarwala S, Nundy S. Encephalopathy following portocaval shunt in noncirrhotic portal fibrosis: a case report. Trop Gastroenterol 1992; 13: 152–4
- Bechar M, Freud M, Kott E, Kott I, Kravvic H, Stern J, et al. Hepatic cirrhosis with post-shunt myelopathy. J Neurol Sci 1970; 11: 101–7
- Budillon G, Mansi D, Scala G, Campanella G. “Hepatic paraplegia”: an uncommon complication of portosystemic shunt. Acta Neurol 1970; 1: 93–100
- Campellone JV, Lacomis D, Giuliani MJ, Kroboth FJ. Hepatic myelopathy: case report with review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1996; 98: 242–6
- Cosnett E, Bhigjee AI, Maharaj IC. Shunt myelopathy A report of 2 cases. South Afr Med J 1982; 62: 215–6
- Counsell C, Warlow C. Failure of presumed hepatic myelopathy to improve after liver transplantation [correspondence]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 1996; 60: 590
- Demirci M, Tan E, Elibol B, Gedikoğlu G, Saribas O. Spastic paraparesis associated with portal-systemic venous shunting due to congenital hepatic fibrosis. Neurology 1992; 42: 983–5
- Drake A, Patterson M. Chronic permanent encephalomyelopathy following portalsystemic shunts. South Med J 1964; 57: 617–22
- Gauthier G, Wildi E. L'Encéphalo-myélopathie porto-systémique. Rev Neurol 1975; 131: 319–38
- Giangaspero F, Dondi C, Scarani P, Zanetti G, Marchesini G. Degeneration of the corticospinal tract following portosystemic shunt associated with spinal cord infarction. Virchows Arch (Pathol Anat) A 1985; 406: 475–81
- Heschl VR, Becker H, Tilz GP. Zur klinik und pathologie der portokavalen shuntenzenphalomyelopathy. Vien Klin Wschr 1973; 85: 706–9
- Hoyumpa AM, Desmond PV, Avant GR, Roberts RK, Schenker S. Hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterology 1979; 76: 184–95
- Kissel P, Arnould G, Tridon P, Laxenaire M. Sur un cas de myélopathie par shunt porto-cave. Rev Neurol 1959; 106: 782–6
- Krishnaswami V, Radhakrishnan T, John BM. Myelopathy in cirrhosis. J Ind M Assoc 1969; 53: 195–7
- Lebovics E, DeMatteo RE, Schaffner J, Gendelman S. Portal-systemic myelopathy after portacaval shunt surgery. Arch Int Med 1985; 145: 1921–22
- Lecieux P, Carpentier M, Caridroit M, Carre A, Jaillard J. Encéphalomyélopathie porto-cave (à propos d'une observation). Lille Médical 1977; 22: 508–11
- Lefer LG, Vogel FS. Encephalomyelopathy with hepatic cirrhosis following portosystemic venous shunts. Arch Path 1969; 93: 91–7
- Leigh AD, Card WI. Hepato-lenticular degeneration. J Neuropath Exp Neurol 1949; 8: 338–46
- Lhermitte F, Chain F, Chedru F, Godeau MJ. Un cas d'encéphalomyélopathie après anastomose port-cave. Ann Méd Interne 1972; 123: 843–8
- Liversedge LA, Rawson MD. Myelopathy in hepatic disease and portosystemic venous anastomosis. Lancet 1966; 2: 277–9
- Mevr D, Van de Gaag CJ, Que GS. Myelopathie na het anleggen van en porta-cava-anstomose bij en patient lijdende an levercirrose. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1964; 108: 2215–8
- Mousseau R, Reynolds T. Hepatic paraplegia. Am J Gastroenterol 1976; 66: 343–8
- Nehlil J, Loutre JC, Leger L, Lenriot JP. Myelopathies après anastomose portocaval. Pressé Ed 1969; 77: 291–4
- Pant SS, Rebeiz JJ, Richardson EP. Spastic paraparesis following portacaval shunts. Neurology 1968; 18: 134–41
- Rab SM, Hussain SM. Spastic paraparesis with cirrhosis of liver. Br J Clin Pract 1985; 39: 244–6
- Read AE, Sherlock S, Laidlaw J, Walker JG. The neuro-psychiatric syndromes associated with chronic liver disease and an extensive portal-systemic collateral circulation. Q J Med 1962; 36: 135–50
- Oliveras de la Riva C, Aragones JM, Teres J, Badrinas F, Bruguera M, Bonnin J, et al. Encéphalomyélopathie consécutive à une cirrhose hépatique avec anastomose porto-cave termino-latérale. Soc Franc Neurol 1987; 117: 588–9
- Robinson CE, Anzarut A. Myelopathy in cirrhosis. Paraplegia 1978; 16: 3–4
- Sarin SK, Babu S. Noncompressive myelopathy after lienorenal shunt in a patient with noncirrhotic portal fibrosis. Am J Gastroenterol 1983; 78: 440–1
- Schütz R-M, Brunner L, Sanpradit M, Freitag J. Myelopathie bei lebercirrhose. Acta Hepato-splenolog 1965; 12: 361–71
- Scobie BA, Summerskill WH. Permanent paraplegia with cirrhosis. Arch Int Med 1964; 113: 805–10
- Silva P, Vergara JF, Aguirre H. Paraparesis espastica secundaria a shunt portocava. Rev Med Chile 1981; 109: 965–7
- Sobukawa E, Sakimura K, Hoshino S, Hoshino M, Miyoshi K. Hepatic myelopathy: an unusual neurological complication of advanced hepatic disease. Int Med 1994; 33: 718–22
- Stables DP, Levin B, Elliott GA, DuPlessis DJ. Colonic exclusion for chronic portal-systemic encephalomyelopathy. Ann Int Med 1966; 65: 326–9
- Witts LJ, Andrews GS. Clinicopathology conference. Br Med J 1962; 11: 1199–200
- Zieve L, Mendelson DF, Goepfert M. Shunt encephalomyelopathy. I. Recurrent protein encephalopathy with response to arginine. Ann Int Med 1960; 53: 33–2
- Zieve L, Mendelson DF, Goepfert M. Shunt encephalomyelopathy: II. Occurrence of permanent myelopathy. Ann Intern Med 1960; 53: 53–63
- Eck NVK. Voproso o perevyazkie vorotnois veni, Predvaritelnoye soobslushjenye. (Ligature of the portal vein.). Voen Med J 1877; 130: 1–2
- Hahn M, Massen O, Nencki M, Pawlow J. Die Eck'sche Fistel zwischen der unteren Hohlvrne und der Pfurtader und ihre Folgen für den Organismus. Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol 1893; 32: 161–10
- Kessler A. Lathyrismus. Monatsschr Psychiat Neurol 1947; 113: 76–92
- Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH, Cohn DF, Seth PJK. Lathyrism: a useful model of primary lateral sclerosis. Research progress in motor-neurone disease, FC Rose. Pitman, London 1984; 312–27
- Jahan K, Ahmed K. Studies on neurolathyrism. Environ Res 1993; 60: 259–66
- Sushma S, Dasarathy S, Tandon RK, Jain S, Gupta S, Bhist MS. Sodium benzoate in the treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy: a double-blind randomized trial. Hepatology 1992; 16: 138–44
- Kircheis G, Nilius R, Held C, Berndt H, Bucher M, Görtelmeyer R, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate infusions in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Hepatology 1997; 25: 1351–60