References
- Binder V. Genetic epidemiology in inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis 1998; 16: 351–5
- Jayanthi V, Mayberry JF. Inflammatory bowel disease in Indians and South Asians: is there a worldwide difference?. Gastroenterol Today 2000; 4: 97–9
- Tysk C, Lindberg E, Jarnerot G, Floderus-Myrhed B. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in an unselected population of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. A study of heritability and the influence of smoking. Gut 1988; 29: 990–6
- Orholm M, Munkholm P, Langholz E, Nielsen OH, Sorensen IA, Binder V. Familial occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 84–8
- Nakamura M, Saito H, Kasanuki J, Tamura Y, Yoshida S. Cytokine production in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 1992; 33: 933–7
- Hyams JS, Fitzgerald JE, Wyzga N, Treem WR, Justinich CJ, Kreutzer DL. Characterization of circulating interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expression in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 1893–9
- Nishiyama T, Mitsuyama K, Toyonaga A, Sasaki E, Tanikawa K. Colonic mucosal interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in inflammatory bowel disease. Digestion 1994; 55: 368–73
- Casini RV, Kam L, Chong YJ, Fiocchi C, Pizarro TT, Cominelli F. Mucosal imbalance of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in inflammatory bowel disease: a novel mechanism of chronic intestinal inflammation. J Immunol 1995; 154: 2434–40
- Tountas NA, Casini-Raggi V, Yang H, Di Giovine FS, Vecchi M, Kam L, et al. Functional and ethnic association of allele 2 of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1999; 117: 806–13
- Arend WP, Guthridge CJ. Biological role of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist isoforms. Ann Rheum Dis 2000; 59(Suppl)i60–4
- SteinKasserer A, Spurr NK, Cox S, Jeggo P, Sim RB. The human IL-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1 RN) maps to chromosome 2q14-q21, in the region of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta loci. Genomics 1992; 13: 654–7
- Patterson D, Jones C, Hart I, Bleskan J, Berger R, Geyer D, et al. The human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1 RN) gene is located on chromosome 2q14 region. Genomics 1993; 15: 173–6
- Tarlow JK, Blakemore AI, Lennard A, Solari R, Hughes HN, Steinkasserer A, et al. Polymorphism in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene intron 2 is caused by variable number of an 86-bp tandem repeat. Hum Genet 1993; 91: 403–4
- Blakemore AI, Tarlow JK, Cork MJ, Gordon C, et al. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism as a disease severity factor in systemic lupus erythromatous. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 1380–5
- Tarlow JK, Cork MJ, Clay FE, Schmitt-Egenolf M, Crane AM, Stierle C. Association between interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 Ra) gene polymorphism and early and late onset of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1997; 136: 147–8
- Heresbach D, Alizadeh M, Dabadie A, Le Berre N, Colombel JF, Yaouanq J, et al. Significance of the interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist genetic polymorphism in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92: 1164–9
- Carter MJ, di Giovine FS, Jones S, Mee J, Camp NJ, Lobo AJ, et al. Association of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene with ulcerative colitis in Northern European Caucasians. Gut 2001; 48: 461–7
- Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acid Res 1988; 16: 1215
- Bouma G, Oudkerk Pool M, Crusius JB, Schreuder GM, Hellemans HP, Meijer BU, et al. Evidence for genetic heterogeneity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); HLA genes in the predisposition to suffer from ulcerative colitis (UC) and (CD). Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 109: 175–9
- Mansfield JC, Holden H, Tarlow JK, Di Giovine FS, McDowell TL, Wilson AG, et al. Novel genetic association between ulcerative colitis ant anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 receptor antagonist. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 637–42
- Bioque G, Bouma G, Crusius JB, Koutroubakis I, Kostense PJ, Meuwissen SG, et al. Evidence I = of genetic heterogeneity in IBD1: the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in the predisposition to suffer from ulcerative colitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996; 8: 105–10
- Lennard A. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonists. Crit Rev Immunol 1995; 15: 77–105
- Louis E, Satsangi J, Roussomoustakaki M, Roussomoustakaki M, Parkes M, Fanning G, Welsh K, et al. Cytokine gene polymorphism in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 1996; 39: 705–10
- Roussomoustakaki M, Satsangi J, Welsh K, Louis E, Fanning G, Targan S, et al. Genetic markers may predict disease behaviour in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1845–53