References
- El-Serag HB, Mason AC. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(10):745–750.
- Bertuccio P, Turati F, Carioli G, et al. Global trends and predictions in hepatocellular carcinoma mortality. J Hepatol. 2017;67(2):302–309.
- Welker MW, Bechstein WO, Zeuzem S, et al. Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation - an emerging clinical challenge. Transpl Int. 2013;26(2):109–118.
- Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(11):693–699.
- Graziadei IW, Sandmueller H, Waldenberger P, et al. Chemoembolization followed by liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma impedes tumor progression while on the waiting list and leads to excellent outcome. Liver Transplantat. 2003;9(6):557–563.
- Cholongitas E, Mamou C, Rodriguez-Castro KI, et al. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors are associated with lower rates of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation: a systematic review. Transpl Int. 2014;27(10):1039–1049.
- Verna EC, Patel YA, Aggarwal A, Desai AP, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Management after the transplant. Am J Transpl. 2019;20(2):333–347.
- Khorsandi SE, Heaton N. Optimization of immunosuppressive medication upon liver transplantation against HCC recurrence. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;1:25.
- Zhang Y, Shi ZL, Yang X, et al. Targeting of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells to prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(1):142–147.
- Rodriguez-Peralvarez M, Tsochatzis E, Naveas MC, et al. Reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors early after liver transplantation prevents recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2013;59(6):1193–1199.
- Lee JY, Kim YH, Yi NJ, et al. Impact of immunosuppressant therapy on early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2014;20(2):192–203.
- Hu AB, Wu LW, Tai Q, et al. Safety and efficacy of four steroid-minimization protocols in liver transplant recipients: 3-year follow-up in a single center. J Diges Dis. 2013;14(1):38–44.
- EASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2018;69(1):182–236.
- Filgueira NA. Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation: Risk factors, screening and clinical presentation. World J Hepatol. 2019;11(3):261–272.
- Toso C, Mentha G, Majno P. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: five steps to prevent recurrence. Am J Transpl. 2011;11(10):2031–2035.
- Schumacher G, Oidtmann M, Rueggeberg A, et al. Sirolimus inhibits growth of human hepatoma cells alone or combined with tacrolimus, while tacrolimus promotes cell growth. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(10):1420–1425.
- Baksh S, DeCaprio JA, Burakoff SJ. Calcineurin regulation of the mammalian G0/G1 checkpoint element, cyclin dependent kinase 4. Oncogene. 2000;19(24):2820–2827.
- Vivarelli M, Cucchetti A, La Barba G, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma under calcineurin inhibitors: reassessment of risk factors for tumor recurrence. Ann Surg. 2008;248(5):857–862.
- Vivarelli M, Cucchetti A, Piscaglia F, et al. Analysis of risk factors for tumor recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: key role of immunosuppression. Liver Transpl. 2005;11(5):497–503.
- Turner AP, Knechtle SJ. Induction immunosuppression in liver transplantation: a review. Transpl Int. 2013;26(7):673–683.
- Castedal M, Skoglund C, Axelson C, et al. Steroid-free immunosuppression with low-dose tacrolimus is safe and significantly reduces the incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus following liver transplantation. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018;53(6):741–747.
- Toso C, Merani S, Bigam DL, et al. Sirolimus-based immunosuppression is associated with increased survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2010;51(4):1237–1243.
- Lee KW, Seo YD, Oh SC, et al. What is the best immunosuppressant combination in terms of antitumor effect in hepatocellular carcinoma? Hepatol Res. 2016;46(6):593–600.
- Tressler RJ, Garvin LJ, Slate DL. Anti-tumor activity of mycophenolate mofetil against human and mouse tumors in vivo. Int J Cancer. 1994;57(4):568–573.
- Koehl GE, Wagner F, Stoeltzing O, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in vitro but has variable antitumor effects in vivo, possibly related to bioavailability. Transplantation. 2007;83(5):607–614.