Developments in Serologic Detection of Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

References

• Link KH, Formentini A, Leder G, Fortnagel G, Sartori N, Schatz M, et al. Resection and radiochemotherapy of pancreatic cancer—the future? Langenbecks Arch Surg 1998;383:134–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Trede M, Schwall S, Saeger H. Survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ann Surg 1990;211:447–58.
   Google Scholar
• Warshaw A, Fernandez del Castillo C. Pancreatic carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1990;326:455–65.
   Google Scholar
• Watanapa P, Williamson RC. Surgical palliation for the pancreatic cancer: developments during the past two decades. Br J Surg 1992;79:8–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Janes RH, Niederhuber JE, Chmiel JS, Winchester DP, Ocwieja KC, Karnell LH, et al. National patterns of care for pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg 1996;223:261–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron JL, Crist D, Sitzmann JV, Hruban RH, Boitnott JK, Seidler AJ, et al. Factors influencing survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. Am J Surg 1991;161: 120–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeo CJ, Cameron JL, Lillemoe KD, Sitzmann JV, Hruban RH, Goodman SN, et al. Pancreaticoduodenectomy for the head of the pancreas; 201 patients. Ann Surg 1995;221:721–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trede M, Saeger HD, Schwall S, Rumstadt B. Resection of pancreatic cancer- surgical achievements. Langenbecks Arch Surg 1998;383:121–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gudjonsson B. Cancer of the pancreas. 50 years of surgery. Cancer 1987;60:2284–303.
   Google Scholar
• Roulston JE. Novel tumour markers: a diagnostic role in pancreatic cancer? [editorial]. Br J Cancer 1994;70:389–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tada M, Omata M, Kawai S, Saisho H, Ohto M, Saitu K, et al. Detection of ras gene mutations in pancreatic juice and peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 1993;53:2472–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent-Puig P, Lubin R, Semhoun-Ducloux S, Pelletier G, Fourre C, Ducreux M, et al. Antibodies against p53 protein in serum of patients with benign or malignant biliary diseases. Gut 1995;36: 455–8.
   Google Scholar
• Mulcahy HE, Lyautey J, Lederrey C, Chen X, Anker P, Alstead EM, et al. A prospective study of K-ras mutations in the plasma of pancreatic cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:271–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold P, Freedman S. Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. J Exp Med 1965;121:439–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammarström S, Shively J, Paxton R, Beatty B, Larsson A, Gosh R et al. Cancer Res 1989;49:4852–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nap M, Mollgard K, Burtin P, Fleuren GJ. Immunohistochemistry of carcinoembryonic antigen in the embryo, fetus and adult. Tumor Biol 1988;9:145–53.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alexander J, Silverman N, Chretien P. Effect of age and cigarette smoking on carcinoembryonic antigen levels. JAMA 1976;235:1975–9.
   Google Scholar
• Begent RHJ. The value of carcinoembryonic antigen measurement in clinical practice. Ann Clin Biochem 1984;21:231–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loewenstein MS, Zamcheck N. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in benign gastrointestinal disease states. Cancer 1978;42:1412–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien MJ, Bronstein B, Zamchech N, Saravis C, Burke B, Gottlieb LS. Cholestasis and hepatic metastases: a factor contributing to the extreme elevations of carcinoembryonic antigen. J Natl Cancer Inst 1980;64:1291–4.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes DF, Zurawski VR Jr, Kufe DW. Comparison of circulating CA 15–3 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1986;4:1542–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Metsä-Ketelä T, Collan Y, Valkamo E. Measurement of serum CEA in breast disease: use in the diagnostic and therapeutic protocol of breast tumors. J Tumor Marker Oncol 1988;3:399–405.
   Google Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Kataja V, Hämäläinen E, Kosma V-M, Penttilä I, Alhava E. Serum tumour markers CEA, AFP, CA 15–3, TPS and Neu in diagnosis of breast cancer. Anticancer Res 1997;17: 1231–4.
   Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Partanen K, Pikkarainen P, Penttilä I, Alhava E. A prospective study of serum tumour markers CEA, CA 50, CA 242, TPA and TPS in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma with special reference to multivariate diagnostic score. Br J Cancer 1994;69: 562–5.
   Google Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Pasanen P, Kulju A, Janatuinen E, Miettinen P, Poikolainen E, et al. Clinical evaluation of serum tumour markers CEA, CA 50 and CA 242 in colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res 1994;14:1427–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audisio RA, Veronesi P, Maisonneuve P, Chiappa A, Andreoni B, Bomberdieri E, et al. Clinical relevance of serological markers in the detection and follow-up of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Surg Oncol 1996;5:49–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banwo O, Versey J, Hobbs JR. New oncofetal antigen for human pancreas. Lancet 1974;Volume no.?:643–5.
   Google Scholar
• Gelder FB, Reese CJ, Moossa AR, Hall T, Hunter R. Purification, partial characterization and clinical evaluation of a pancreatic oncofetal antigen. Cancer Res 1978;38:313–24.
   Google Scholar
• Mihas AA. Immunologic studies on a pancreatic oncofetal protein. J Natl Cancer Inst 1978;60:1439–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nishida K, Sugiura M, Yoshikawa T, Kondo M. Enzyme immunoassay of pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) as a marker of pancreatic cancer. Gut 1985;26:450–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmiegel WH, Eberl W, Kreiker C, Kalthoff H, Butzow GH, Jessen K, et al. Multiparameter tumor marker (CA 19–9, CEA, AFP, POA)) analyses of pancreatic juices and sera in pancreatic diseases. Hepatogastroenterology 1985;32:141–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Björklund B, Björklund V. Antigenity of pooled human malignant and normal tissues by cyto-immunological technique: presence of an insoluble, heatlabile tumor antigen. Int Arch Allergy 1957;10:153–84.
   Google Scholar
• Björklund B. On the nature and clinical use of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). Tumor Diagn 1980;1:9–20.
   Google Scholar
• Andriulli A, Gindro T, Piantino P, Massero G, Cavallini G, Farini R, et al. Efficacy of CA 19–9, TPA and CEA assays in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. Digestion 1983;28:9–10.
   Google Scholar
• Panucci A, Fabris C, Del Favero G, Basso D, Marchioro L, Piccoli A. Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Br J Cancer 1985;52: 801–3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meduri F, Doni MG, Merenda R, Bizzarini M, Neri D, Gerunda GE, et al. The role of the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI), CA 19–9, and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) tests in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer 1989;64:1103–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benini L, Cavallini G, Zordan D, Rizzotti P, Rigo L, Brocco G, et al. A clinical evaluation of monoclonal (CA 19–9, CA 50, CA 12–5) and polyclonal (CEA, TPA) antibody-defined antigens for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 1988;3:61–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Pikkarainen P, Partanen K, Penttila I. Clinical evaluation of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Anticancer Res 1993;13: 1883–8.
   Google Scholar
• Saito S, Taguchi K, Nishimura N, Watanabe A, Ogashi K, Niwa M, et al. Clinical usefulness of computer-assissted diagnosis using combination assay of tumour markers for pancreatic cancer. Cancer 1993;72:381–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Hippeläinen M, Salmela E, Paajanen H, Alhava E, Syrjänen K. A prospective study of tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) in breast cancer diagnosis. Anticancer Res 1992;12:2033–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banfi G, Zerbi A, Pastori S, Parolini D, Di Carlo V, Bonini P. Behavior of tumor markers CA 19–9, CA 195, CAM 43, CA 242 and TPS in the diagnosis and follow-up of pancreatic cancer. Clin Chem 1993;39:420–3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Partanen K, Pikkarainen P, Penttila I, Alhava E. Diagnostic value of tissue polypeptide specific antigen in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Tumor Biol 1994;15:52–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stenman U-H, Huhtala M-L, Koistinen R, Seppälä M. Immunochemical demonstration of an ovarian cancer associated urinary peptide. Int J Cancer 1982;30:53–7.
   Google Scholar
• Huhtala M-L, Pesonen K, Kalkkinen N, Stenman U-H. Purification and characterization of a tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor from the urine of a patient with ovarian cancer. J Biol Chem 1982;257:13713–6.
   Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Huhtala M-L, Halila H, Nordling S, Roberts P, Scheinin TM, et al. Tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor, TATI, in patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis and benign biliary diseases. Br J Cancer 1986;54:297–303.
   Google Scholar
• Taccone W, Mazzoni W, Belli M. Evaluation of TATI and other markers in solid tumors. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1991;51:25–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masson P, Pålsson B, Andren-Sandberg Å. Evaluation of CEA, CA 19–9, CA 195, and TATI with special reference to pancreatic disorders. Int J Pancreatol 1991;8:333–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blebani M, Basso D, Fabris C, Meggiato T, Del Favero G, Panozzo MP, et al. Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor in patients with chronic pancreatic disease. Klin Wochenschr 1989;67:1029–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aroasio E, Piantino P. TATI in pancreatic diseases. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1991;51:71–3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Pikkarainen P, Partanen K, Penttilä I, Alhava E. Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1994;120: 494–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lan MS, Finn OJ, Fernsten PD, Metzgar RS. Isolation and properties of a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma-associated antigen DU-PAN 2. Cancer Res 1985;45:305–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borowitz MJ, Tuck FL, Sindelar WF, Fernsten PD, Metzgar RS. Monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic adenocarcinoma: distribution of DU-PAN-2 antigen on glandular epithelia and adenocarcinomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 1984;72: 999–1005.
   Google Scholar
• Haviland AE, Borowitz MJ, Killenberg PG, Lan MS, Metzgar RS. Detection of an oncofetal antigen (DU-PAN-2) in sera of patients with non-malignant hepatobiliary diseases and hepatomas. Int J Cancer 1988;41: 789–93.
   Google Scholar
• Sawabu N, Toya D, Takemori Y, Hattori N, Fukui M. Measurement of pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (DUPAN-2) detected my monoclonal antibody in sera of patients with digestive cancers. Int J Cancer 1986;37: 693–6.
   Google Scholar
• Ohshio G, Manabe T, Watanabe Y, Endo K, Kudo H, Suzuki T, et al. Comparative studies of DU-PAN-2, CEA and CA 19–9 in the serum and bile of patients with pancreatic and biliary tract diseases: evaluation of the influence of obstructive jaundice. Am J Gastroenterol 1990;85: 1370–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metzgar RS, Rodriguez N, Finn OJ, Lan MS, Daasch VN, Fernsten PD, et al. Detection of a pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (DU-PAN-2 antigen) in serum and ascites of patients with adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984;81: 5242–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahvi DM, Meyers WC, Bast RC, Seigler HF, Metzgar RS. Carcinoma of the pancreas. Therapeutic efficacy as defined by a serodiagnostic test utilising a monoclonal antibody. Ann Surg 1985;202:440–5.
   Google Scholar
• Takasaki H, Uchida E, Tempero M, Burnett DA, Metzgar RS, Pour P. Correlative study on expression of CA 19–9 and DUPAN-2 in tumor tissue and in serum of pancreatic cancer patients. Cancer Res 1988;48:1435–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kiriyama S, Haykawa T, Kondo T, Shibata T, Kitagawa M, Ono H, et al. Usefulness of a new tumor marker, Span-1, for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer 1990;65:1557–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satake K, Takeuchi T. Comparison of CA 19.9 with other tumor markers in the diagnosis of cancer of the pancreas. Pancreas 1994;9:720–4.
   Google Scholar
• Kawa S, Tokoo M, Oguchi H, Furuta S, Homma T, Haseqawa Y, et al. Epitope analysis of Span-1 and Dupan-2 using synthesized glycoconjugates siallylact-N-Fucopentaose II and Siallyllact-N-Tetraose. Pancreas 1994;9:692–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kawa S, Oguchi H, Kobayashi T, Tokoo M, Furuta S, Kanai M, et al. Elevated serum levels of Dupan-2 in pancreatic cancer patients negative for Lewis blood group phenotype. Br J Cancer 1991;64:899–902.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chung YS, Ho JJL, Kim YS, Tanaka H, Nakata B, Hiura A, et al. The detection of human pancreatic cancer-associated antigen in the serum of cancer patients. Cancer 1987;60: 1636–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi T, Kawa S, Tokoo M, Oguchi H, Kiyosawa K, Furuta S, et al. Comparative study of CA 50, Span-1, and CA 19–9 in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991;26:787–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satake K. Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Int J Pancreatol 1991;9:93–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ho JJL, Chung Y-S, Ryan W, Henslee JG, Kim YS. Evaluation of factors affecting the performance of enzymatic SPan-1 immunoassays for pancreatic cancer. J Immunol Methods 1989;125: 97–104.
   Google Scholar
• Ho JJL, Chung Y-S, Yuan M, Henslee JG, Kim YS. Differences in expression of SPan-1 and CA 15–3 antigens in blood and tissues. Int J Cancer 1992;52: 693–700.
   Google Scholar
• Chung YS, Nakata B, Sawada T, et al. New radioimmunoassay for pancreatic cancer-associated antigen SPan-1 with reference to differential diagnosis and monitoring in pancreatic cancer. Int J Oncol 1993;2:921–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Satake K, Chung Y-S, Yokomatsu H, Nakata B, Tanaka H, Sawada T, et al. A clinical evaluation of various tumor markers for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Int J Pancreatol 1990;7:25–36.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Takeda S, Nakao A, Ichihara T, Suzuki Y, Nonami T, Harada A, et al. Serum concentration and immunohistochemical localization of SPan-1 antigen in pancreatic cancer. A comparison with CA 19–9 antigen. Hepatogastroenterology 1991;38:143–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chung YS, Nakata B, Yokomatsu H, et al. Clinical significance of measurement of new pancreatic cancer associated antigen. Int J Oncol 1993;2:921–926.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ho JJL, Norton KA, Chung Y-S, Kim YS. Expression of CA 19–9, DU-PAN-2 and SPan-1 antigens on two types of normal salivary mucins. Oncol Res 1993;5: 347–56.
   Google Scholar
• Koprowski H, Steplewski Z, Mitchell K, Herlyn M, Fuhner P. Colorectal carcinoma antigens detected by hybridoma antibodies. Somatic Cell Genet 1979;5:957–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Magnani J, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H, Ginsburg V. Identification of the gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancer-associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody 19–9 in the sera of patients as a mucin. Cancer Res 1983;43:5489–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson BF, Ernst CS, Herlyn M, Steplewski Z, Sears HF, Koprowski H. Gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigen in immunoperoxidase assay. Cancer Res 1982;42:4820–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietel M, Arps H, Klapdor R, Muller-Hagen S, Sieck M, Hoffman L. Antigen detection by the monoclonal antibodies CA 19–9 and CA 125 in normal and tumor tissue and patients sera. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1986;111: 257–65.
   Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Lindgren J, Roberts P, Nordling S. Tissue expression of the tumor marker CA 50 in benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. A comparison with CA 19–9. Int J Cancer 1986;38:841–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Lindgren J, Roberts P, Nordling S. Gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigen CA 19–9 in histological specimes of pancreatic tumours and pancreatitis. Br J Cancer 1986;53:189–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishida K, Miyagawa H, Yoshikawa T, Kondo M. Concentration and localization of carbohydrate antigen 19–9 in tissues of pancreatic cancer. Oncology 1988;45:166–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwenk J, Makowitzky J. Tissue expression of the cancer-associated antigens CA 19–9 and CA-50 in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. Int J Pancreatol 1989;5:85–98.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wakabayashi T, Sawabu N, Takemori Y, Satomura Y, Kidani H, et al. Diagnostic significance of cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen (CA 19–9) concentrations in pancreatic juice: analysis in pure pancreatic juice collected by endoscopic aspiration and immunohistochemical study in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreas 1993;8:151–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Herlyn M, Sears HF, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H. Monoclonal antibody detection of a circulating tumor-associated antigen. I. Presence of antigen in sera of patients with colorectal, gastric and pancreatic carcinoma. J Clin Immunol 1982;2:135–40.
   Google Scholar
• Del Villano BC, Brennan S, Brock P, Bucher C, Liu V, McClure M, et al. Radioimmunometric assay for a monoclonal antibody-defined tumor marker. Clin Chem 1983;29:549–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green Pj, Ballas SK, Westkaemper P, Schwartz HG, Klug TL, Zurawski VR. CA 19–9 and CA 125 levels in the sera of normal blood donors in relation to smoking history. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986;77: 337–41.
   Google Scholar
• Tatsuta M, Yamamura H, Iishi H, Ichii M, Noguchi S, Yamamoto R, et al. Values of CA 19–9 in the serum, pure pancreatic juice, and aspirated pancreatic material in the diagnosis of malignant pancreatic tumor. Cancer 1985;56: 2669–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa T, Nishida K, Tanigawa M, Fukumoto K, Kondo M. Carbohydrate antigenic determinant (CA 19–9) and other tumor markers in gastrointestinal malignancies. Digestion 1985;31: 67–76.
   Google Scholar
• Steinberg WM, Gelfand R, Anderson KK, Glenn J, Kurtzman SH, Sindelar WP, et al. Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of the CA 19–9 and CEA assays in detecting cancer of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 1986;90:343–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pleskow DK, Berger HJ, Gyves J, Allen E, McLean A, Podolsky DK. Evaluation of a serologic marker, CA 19–9, in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Ann Intern Med 1989;110: 704–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safi F, Roscher R, Beger HG. Tumor markers in pancreatic cancer. Sensitivity and specificity of CA 19–9. Hepatogastroenterology 1989;36: 419–23.
   Google Scholar
• Piantino P, Andriulli A, Gindro T, Pecchio F, Massero G, Cavallini G, et al. CA 19–9 assay in differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma from inflammatory pancreatic diseases. Am J Gastroenterol 1986;81:436–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haglund C, Kuusela P, Jalanko H, Roberts P. Serum CA 50 as a tumour marker in pancreatic cancer: a comparison with CA 19–9. Int J Cancer 1987;39:477–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malesci A, Montorsi M, Mariani A, Santambrogio R, Bonato C, Bissi O, et al. Clinical utility of the serum CA 19–9 test for diagnosing pancreatic carcinoma in symptomatic patients: a prospective study. Pancreas 1992;7:497–502.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang TH, Steplewski Z, Sears HF, Koprowski H. Detection of monoclonal antibody-defined colorectal carcinoma antigen by solid-phase binding inhibition radioimmunoassay. Hybridoma 1981;1:37–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koprowski H, Herlyn M, Steplewski Z, Sears HF. Specific antigen in serum of patients with colon carcinoma. Science 1981;212:53–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritts RE Jr, Del Villano BC, Go VLW, Herberman RB, Klug TL, Zurawski VR Jr. Initial clinical evaluation of an immunoradio-metric assay for CA 19–9 using the NCI serum bank. Int J Cancer 1984;33:339–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koprowski H, Brockhaus M, Blaszczyk M, Magnani J, Steplewski Z, Ginsburg V. Lewis blood-type may affect the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer. Lancet 1982;1:1332–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masson P, Pålsson B, Andren-Sandberg Å. Cancer-associated tumour markers CA 19–9 and CA-50 in patients with pancreatic cancer with special reference to the Lewis blood cell status. Br J Cancer 1990;62:118–21.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Del Favero G, Fabris C, Plebani M, Panucci A, Piccoli A, Perobelli L, et al. CA 19–9 and CEA in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Cancer 1986;57:1576–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haglund C, Roberts P, Kuusela P, Jalanko H. Tumour markers CA 19–9 and CA 50 in digestive tract malignancies. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992;27:169–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barone D, Onetto M, Conio M, Paganuzzi M, Saccomonno S, Aste H, et al. CA 19–9 assay in patients with extrahepatic cholestatic jaundice. Int J Biol Markers 1988;3:95–100.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fabris G, Del Favero G, Basso D, Piccoli A, Meggatio T, Angonese C, et al. Serum markers and clinical data in diagnosing pancreatic cancer: a contrastive approach. Am J Gastroenterol 1988;83:549–53.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harmenberg AE, Wahren B, Wiechel KL. Tumor markers carbohydrate antigen CA 19–9 and CA-50 and CEA in pancreatic cancer and benign diseases of the pancreatobiliary tract. Cancer Res 1988;48: 1985–8.
   Google Scholar
• Molina LM, Diez M, Cava MT, Maestro ML, Ortega MD, Mendiz JG, et al. Tumor markers in pancreatic cancer: a comparative study between CEA, CA 19–9 and CA 50. Int J Biol Markers 1990;5:127–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lucarotti ME, Habib NA, Kelly SB, Rothnie ND, Nelson O, Lindholm L, et al. Clinical evaluation of combined use of CEA, CA 19–9 and CA 50 in the serum of patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 1991;17:51–3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hyöty M, Hyöty H, Aaran RK, Airo I, Nordback I. Tumour antigens CA 195 and CA 19–9 in pancreatic juice and serum for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Eur J Surg 1992;158: 173–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Steinberg WM. The clinical utility of the CA 19–9 tumor-associated antigen. Am J Gastroenterol 1990;85:350–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Lundin J, Kuusela P, Roberts P. CA 242- A new tumour marker for pancreatic cancer. A comparison with CA 19–9, CA 50 and CEA. Br J Cancer 1994;70: 487–92.
   Google Scholar
• Craxi A, Patti C, Aragona E. Serum CA 19–9 levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or cirrhosis. Ital J Gastroenterol 1985;17: 288–9.
   Google Scholar
• Albert MB, Steinberg WM, Henry JP. Elevated serum levels of tumor marker CA 19–9 in acute cholangitis. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33: 1223–5.
   Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Roberts P, Kuusela P, Scheinin TM, Mäkelä O, Jalanko H. Evaluation of CA 19–9 as a serum tumour marker in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 1986;53: 197–202.
   Google Scholar
• Paganuzzi M, Onetto M, Marroni P, Barone D, Conio M, Aste H, et al. CA 19–9 and CA 50 in benign and malignant pancreatic and biliary diseases. Cancer 1988;61:2100–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tempero MA, Uchida E, Takasaki H, Burnett DA, Steplewski Z, Pour PM. Relationship of carbo-hydrate antigen 19–9 and Lewis antigen in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 1987;40: 5501–3.
   Google Scholar
• Tian F, Appert HE, Myles J, Howard JM. Prognostic value of serum CA 19–9 levels in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg 1992;215:350–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• von Rosen A, Linder S, Harmenberg U, Pegert S. Serum levels of CA 19–9 and CA 50 in relation to Lewis blood cell status in patients with malignant and benign pancreatic disease. Pancreas 1993;8:160–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lindholm L, Holmgren J, Svennerholm L, Fredman P, Nilsson O, Persson B, et al. Monoclonal antibodies against gastrointestinal tumour-associated antigens isolated as monosialo-gangliosides. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immun 1983;71:178–81.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holmgren J, Lindholm L, Persson B, Lagergård T, Nilsson O, Svennerholm L, et al. Detection by monoclonal antibody of carbohydrate antigen CA-50 in serum of patients with carcinoma. Br Med J 1984;288: 1479–82.
   Google Scholar
• Bruhn HD, Everding A, Joos B, Hedderich J. Clinical experience with the carbohydrate antigen CA-50 in serum of carcinoma patients. In: Holmgren J, editor. Tumor marker antigens. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 1985. p. 92–103.
   Google Scholar
• Chan SH, Lindholm L, Wong L, Oon CJ. Tumor markers in hepatocellular carcinoma in Singaporean Chinese. In: Holmgren J, editor. Tumor marker antigens. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 1985. p. 104–11.
   Google Scholar
• Jalanko H, Haglund C, Roberts P, Kuusela P. Tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancers. In: Holmgren J, editor. Tumor marker antigens. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 1985. p. 112–21.
   Google Scholar
• Paganuzzi M, Marroni P, Boccardo F, Valenti G, Ferrara GB. Clinical evaluation of CA-50 in sera of patients with different tumors. In: Holmgren J, editor. Tumor marker antigens. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 1985. p. 134–45.
   Google Scholar
• Habib NA, Hershman Mj, Smadja C, Wood CB. The use of CA-50 radioimmunoassay inhibition test in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant liver diseases. Br J Surg 1986;73: 758–59.
   Google Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Tikanoja S, Collan Y. Clinical evaluation of tumor marker CA 50 in breast cancer diagnostics. Surg Res Commun 1989;6: 107–13.
   Google Scholar
• Habib NA, Hershman MJ, Haberland F, Papp L, Wood CB, Williamson RCN. The use of CA-50 radioimmunoassay in differentiating benign and malignant pancreatic disease. Br J Cancer 1986;53:697–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blind PJ, Dahlgren ST. Serum levels of the carbohydrate antigen CA-50 in pancreatic disease. Acta Chir Scand 1987; 153:45–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuusela P, Haglund C, Roberts P, Jalanko H. Comparison of CA-50, a new tumour marker, with CEA and AFP in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Br J Cancer 1987;55:673–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuusela P, Haglund C, Roberts P. Comparison of a new tumour marker CA 242 with CA 19–9, CA 50 and CEA in digestive tract diseases. Br J Cancer 1991;63: 636–40.
   Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Pikkarainen P, Partanen K, Alhava E, Penttilä I. Clinical evaluation of a new tumour marker CA 242 in pancreatic carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1992;65: 731–4.
   Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Pikkarainen P, Partanen K, Alhava E, Penttilä I. Clinical value of serum tumour markers CEA, CA 50 and CA 242 in the distinction between malignant versus benign diseases causing jaundice and cholestasis; results from a prospective study. Anticancer Res 1992;12: 1689–94.
   Google Scholar
• Pålsson B, Masson P, Andren-Sandberg Å. The influence of cholestasis on CA-50 and CA 242 in pancreatic cancer and benign biliopancreatic disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;28: 981–7.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson O, Mansson JE, Lindholm L, Holmgren J, Svennerholm L. Sialosyllactotetraosylceramide, a novel ganglioside antigen detected in human carcinoma by monoclonal antibody. FEBS Lett 1985;182:398–402.
   Google Scholar
• Johansson C, Nilsson O, Bäckström D, Jansson EL, Lindholm L. Novel epitopes on the CA50-carrying antigen: chemical and immunochemical studies. Tumour Biol 1991;12: 159–70.
   Google Scholar
• Johansson C, Nilsson O, Lindholm L. Comparison of serological expression of different epitopes on the CA50- carrying antigen CanAg. Int J Cancer 1991;48: 757–63.
   Google Scholar
• Haglund C, Lindgren J, Roberts P, Kuusela P, Nordling S. Tissue expression of the tumour associated antigen CA 242 in benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. A comparison with CA 50 and CA 19–9. Br J Cancer 1989;60: 845–51.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson O, Johansson C, Glimelius B, Persson B, Norgaard-Pederson B, Andren-Sandberg A, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of CA 242 in gastrointestinal cancer. A comparison with CEA, CA 50 and CA 19–9. Br J Cancer 1992;65: 215–21.
   Google Scholar
• Röthlin MA, Joller H, Largiader F. CA 242 is a new tumor marker for pancreatic cancer. Cancer 1993;71: 701–7.
   Google Scholar
• Kawa S, Tokoo M, Hasebe O, Hayashi K, Imai H, Oguchi H, et al. Comparative study of CA 242 and CA 19–9 for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 1994;70: 481–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banfi G, Bravi S, Ardemagni A, Zerbi A. CA 19.9, CA 242 and CEA in the diagnosis and follow-up of pancreatic cancer. Int J Biol Markers 1996;11: 77–81.
   Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Pikkarainen P, Partanen K, Alhava E, Penttilä I. ROC curve analysis of the tumour markers CEA, CA 50 and CA 242 in pancreatic cancer; results from a prospective study. Br J Cancer 1993;67: 852–5.
   Google Scholar
• Pasanen P, Eskelinen M, Partanen K, Pikkarainen P, Penttilä I, Alhava E. Multivariate analysis of six serum tumour markers (CEA, CA 50, CA 242, TPA, TPS, TATI) and conventional laboratory tests in the diagnosis of hepatopancreatobiliary malignancy. Anticancer Res 1995;15: 2731–8.
   Google Scholar
• Gupta MK, Arciaga R, Bukowski R, Gaur P. CA-195: a new sensitive monoclonal antibody-defined tumor marker for pancreatic cancer. J Tumor Marker Oncol 1987;2:201–6.
   Google Scholar
• Fukuta S, Magnani JL, Gaur PK, Ginsburg V. Monoclonal antibody CC3C195, which detects cancer-associated antigens in serum, binds to the human Lewis(a) blood group antigen and to its sialylated derivative. Arch Biochem Biophys 1987;255: 214–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhargava AK, Petrelli NJ, Karna A, Parshall PL, Fitzpatrick JE, Douglass HO, et al. Serum levels of cancer-associated antigen CA-195 in gastrointestinal cancers and its comparison with CA 19–9. J Clin Lab Anal 1989;3:370–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor OM, Cooper EH, Benson EA, McMahon MJ. The prognostic value of the tumour markers CA 195 and CEA in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Eur J Surg Oncol 1992;18:508–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andicoechea A, Vizoso F, Alexandre E, Martinez A, Diez M, Riera L, et al. Comparative study of carbohydrate antigen 195 and carcinoembryonic antigen for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. World J Surg 1999;23:227–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bast RC, Feeney M, Lazarus H, Nadler LM, Colvin RB, Knapp RC. Reactivity of a monoclonal antibody with human ovarian carcinoma. J Clin Invest 1981;68:1331–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bast RC, Klug TN, St John E, Jenison E, Niloff JM, Lazarus H, et al. A radioimmunoassay using a monoclonal antibody to monitor the course of epithelial ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med 1983;309:883–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruibal A, Encabo G, Martinez-Miralles E, Murcia C, Capdevila JA, Salgado A, et al. CA 125 sera levels in nonmalignant pathologies. Bull Cancer 1984;71: 145–8.
   Google Scholar
• Haglund C. Tumour marker antigen CA 125 in pancreatic cancer: a comparison with CA 19–9 and CEA. Br J Cancer 1986;54:897–901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosslet K, Kern HF, Kanzy EJ, Steinstraesser A, Schwarz A, Lüben G, et al. A monoclonal antibody with binding and inhibitory activity on human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1986;23:185–91.
   Google Scholar
• Buchler M, Friess H, Malfertheiner P, Schuttheiss KH, Muhrer KH, Beger HG, et al. Studies of pancreatic cancer utilizing monoclonal antibodies. Int J Pancreatol 1990;7:151–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friess H, Buchler M, Auerbach B, Weber A, Malfertheiner P, Hammer K, et al. CA 494—a new tumor marker for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 1993;53:759–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker N, Makin CA, Ching CK, Eccleston D, Taylor OM, Milton JD, et al. A new enzyme-linked lectin/mucin antibody sandwich assay (CAM 17.1/WGA) assessed in combination with CA 19–9 and peanut lectin binding assay for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer 1992;70:1062–8.
   Google Scholar
• Makin CA, Bobrow LG, Bodmer WF. Monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin for use in routine histopathology. J Clin Pathol 1984;37:975–83.
   Google Scholar
• Raouf A, Parker N, Iddon D, Ryder S, Langdon-Brown B, Milton JD. Ion-exchange chromatography of purified colonic mucus glycoproteins in inflammatory bowel disease: absence of a selective subclass defect. Gut 1991;32:1139–46.
   Google Scholar
• Gansauge F, Gansauge S, Parker N, Beger MI, Poch B, Link KH, et al. CAM 17.1—a new diagnostic marker in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 1996;74: 1997–2002.
   Google Scholar
• Yiannakou JY, Newland P, Calder F, Kingsnorth AN, Rhodes JM. Prospective study of CAM 17.1/WGA mucin assay for serological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Lancet 1997;349: 389–92.
   Google Scholar
• Almoguerra C, Shibata D, Forrester K, Martin J, Arnheim N, Perucho M. Most human carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas contain mutant c-K-ras genes. Cell 1988;53:549–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskelinen M, Haglund U. Prognosis of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma: review of clinical and histopathological variables and possible uses of new molecular methods. Eur J Surg. In press 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Harris CC. At the crossroads of molecular carcinogenesis and risk assessment. Science 1993;262:1980–1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford LV, Pim DC, Bulbrook RD. Detection of antibodies against the cellular protein p53 in sera from patients with breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1992;30: 403–8.
   Google Scholar
• Schlichtholz B, Tredaniel J, Lubin R, Zalcman G, Hirsch A, Soussi T. Analysis of p53 antibodies in sera from patients with lung carcinoma define immunodominant regions in the p53 protein. Br J Cancer 1994;69:809–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raedle J, Oremek G, Welker M, Roth WK, Caspary WF, Zeuzem S. p53 autoantibodies in patients with pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. Pancreas 1996;13:241–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malchow-Møller A, Matzen P, Bjerregaard B, Hilden J, Holst-Christensen J, Stæhr Johansen T, et al. Causes and characteristics of 500 consecutive cases of jaundice. Scand J Gastroenterol 1981;16: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Lindberg G Studies on diagnostic decision making in jaundice [dissertation]. Stockholm: Karolinska Institutet; 1982.
   Google Scholar
• Kalser MH, Barkin JS, Redhammer D, Heal A. Circulating carcinoembryonic antigen in pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer 1978;42:1468–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Engarås B, Hafström LO, Kewenter J, Nilsson O, Wedel H. Standard serum concentrations and normal fluctuations of CEA, CA 50 and CA 242 during twelve months in men and women aged 60–64 years without malignant disease. Eur J Surg 1999;165:110–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar