Advanced search
Publication Cover
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases Volume 32, 2000 - Issue 4
Submit an article Journal homepage
64
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Beta-Haemolytic Streptococci Isolated from Acute Sore-Throat Patients: Cause or Coincidence? A Case-Control Study in General Practice

Sjoerd Zwart, Gijs J. H. M. Ruijs, Alfred P. E. Sachs, Wijnanda J. Van Leeuwen, Jan W. Gubbels, Ruut A. De Melker Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Universiteitsweg 100, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
Pages 377-384 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

  • Hoffmann S. The throat carrier state of group A betahemolytic streptococci among patients in general practice. Acta Path Microbiol Immunol Scand 1985; 93B: 347–51.
  • Lisdonk EL van de, Bosch WJHM van den, Huygen FJA, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Ziekten in de huisartspraktijk. Utrecht: Bunge BV, 1994 (in Dutch).
  • Gwaltney JM. Pharyngitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995: 566–72.
  • Bisno AL, Gerber MA, Gwaltney JM, Kaplan EL, Schwartz RH. Diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: a practice guideline. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 574–83.
  • Cimolai N, Elford RW, Bryan L, Anand L, Berger P. Do the beta-hemolytic non-group A streptococci cause pharyngitis? Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10: 587–601.
  • Dagnelie CF, Tuow-Otten FWMM, Kuyvenhoven MM, Rozenberg-Arska M, de Melker RA. Bacterial flora in patients presenting with sore throat in Dutch general practice. Fam Pract 1993; 10: 371–7.
  • Sachs APE, Waaij D van der, Groenier KH, Koëter GH, Schiphuis J. Oropharyngeal flora in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 1302–7.
  • Meland E, Digranes A, Skjaerven R. Assessment of clinical features predicting clinical streptococcal pharyngitis. Scand J Infect Dis 1993; 25: 177–83.
  • Centor RM, Whitherspoon JM, Dalton HP, Brody ChE, Link K. The diagnosis of strep throat in adults in the emergency room. Med Decis Making 1981; 1: 239–46.
  • Huovinen P, Lahtonen R, Ziegler T, Meurman O, Hakkarainen K, Miettinen A, et al. Pharyngitis in adults: the presence and coexistence of viruses and bacterial organisms. Ann Intern Med 1989; 110: 612–6.
  • Dagnelie CF, Bartelink ML, van der Graaf Y, Goessens W, de Melker RA. Towards a better diagnosis of throat infections (with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus) in general practice. Br J Gen Pract 1998; 48: 959–62.
  • Turner JC, Hayden FG, Lobo MC, Ramirez CE, Murren D. Epidemiologic evidence for Lancefield group C hemolytic streptococci as a cause of exudative pharyngitis in college students. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 1–4.
  • McCue JD. Group G streptococcal pharyngitis. Analysis of an outbreak at a college. JAMA 1982; 248: 1333–6.
  • Zwart S, Sachs APE, Ruijs GJHM, Gubbels JW, Hoes AW, de Melker RA. Penicillin for acute sore throat: randomised double blind trial of seven days versus three days treatment or placebo in adults. Br Med J 2000; 320: 150–4.
  • Breese BB, Disney FA, Talpey WB, Green JL. Beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. The clinical and epidemiologic importance of the number of organisms found in cultures. Am J Dis Child 1970; 119: 18–26.
  • Kaplan EL, Couser R, Ballard Huwe B, McKay C, Wanna-maker LW. Significance of quantitative salivary cultures for group A and non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in patients with pharyngitis and in their family contacts. Pediatrics 1979; 64: 904–12.
  • Roos K. The diagnostic value of symptoms and signs in acute tonsillitis in children over the age of 10 and in adults. Scand J Infect Dis 1985; 17: 259–67.
  • Colman G, Tanna A, Efstratiou A, Gaworzewska ET. The serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes present in Britain during 1980–1990 and their association with disease. J Med Microbiol 1993; 39: 165–78.
  • Johnson DR, Stevens DL, Kaplan ER. Epidemiologic analysis of group A streptococcal serotypes associated with severe systemic infections, rheumatic fever, or uncomplicated pharyngitis. J Infect Dis 1992; 166: 374–82.
  • Tyler SD, Johnson WM, Huang JC, Ashton FE, Wang G, Tow DE, Rozee KR. Streptococcal erythrogenic toxin genes: detection by polymerase chain reaction and association with disease strains isolated in Canada from 1940 to 1941. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30: 3127–31.
  • Kellogg JA, Manzella JP. Detection of group A streptococci in the laboratory or physician’s office. JAMA 1986; 255: 2638–42.
  • Ruoff KL, Whiley RA, Beighton D. Streptococcus. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH, eds. Manual of clinical microbiology, 7th edn. Washington: ASM Press, 1999: 283–96.
  • Schouls L, Blokpoel MCJ, Elzenaar KJ, Schellekens JFP, van Embden JDA, van Leeuwen WJ. Genotyping of M-and exotoxin genes in the surveillance of group A streptococcal infections in The Netherlands. Bilthoven: RIVM Annual Scientific Report, 1992: 155–7.
  • Collet D. Modelling binary data. London: Chapman & Hall, 1990.
  • Haverkorn MJ, Valkenburg HA, Goslings WRO. Streptococcal pharyngitis in the general population. I. A controlled study of streptococcal pharyngitis and its complications in The Netherlands. J Infect Dis 1971; 124: 339–47.
  • Duben J, Jelinkova J, Jelinek J, Rotta J. A prospective study on streptococcal pharyngitis among a town population. Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 1979; 23: 159–67.
  • De Meyere M, Mervielde Y, Verschraegen G, Bogaert M. Effect of penicillin on the clinical course of streptococcal pharyngitis in general practice. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 43: 581–5.
  • Hayden CF, Murphy TF, Hendley JO. Non-group A streptococci in the pharynx. Pathogens or innocent bystanders? Am J Dis Child 1989; 143: 794–7.
  • Cimolai N, Morrison BJ, MacCulloch L, Smith DF, Hlady J. Beta-hemolytic non-group A streptococci and pharyngitis: a case–control study. Eur J Pediatr 1991; 150: 776–9.
  • Begovac J, Bobinac E, Benic B, Desnica BB, Maretic T, Basnec A, Kuzmanovic N. Asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage of beta-hemolytic streptococci and streptococcal pharyngitis among patients at an urban hospital in Croatia. Eur J Epidemiol 1993; 9: 405–10.
  • Gunnarsson RK, Holm SE, Söderströ M. The prevalence of beta-hemolytic streptococci in throat specimens from healthy children and adults. Implications for the clinical value of throat cultures. Scand J Prim Health Care 1997; 15: 149–55.
  • Chowdhury MN, Kambal AM, al-Eissa YA, Khaliq MR, al-Ayed IH, al-Sanie AM. Non-group A streptococci: are they pathogens in the throat? J R Soc Health 1997; 117: 160–3.
  • Johnson DR, Romana CL, Rehder CD, Dehnbostel J, Kaplan EL. Restriction enzyme analysis of group A streptococcal M-serotypes 1, 3, and 28. A comparison of isolates from severe systemic infections and from uncomplicated pharyngitis: epidemiologic and pathogenetic implications. Adv Exp Med Biol 1997; 418: 221–3.
  • Schellekens JFP, Schouls LM, van Pelt W, Esveld M, van Leeuwen WJ. Group streptococci: a change in virulence? Neth J Med 1998; 52: 209–17.
  • Paradise JL, Bluestone CD, Bachman RZ, Colborn DK, Bernard BS, Taylor FH, et al. Efficacy of tonsillectomy for recurrent throat infection in severely affected children: results of parallel randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 674–83.
  • Feinstein AR, Levitt M. The role of tonsils in predisposing to streptococcal infections and recurrences of rheumatic fever. N Engl J Med 1970; 282: 285–91.
  • Lilja M, Myklebust R, Räisänen S, Stenfors L-E. Selective attachment of beta-haemolytic streptococci group A to oropharyngeal epithelium in health and disease. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1997; 117: 744–9.
  • Pichichero ME. Culture and antigen detection tests for streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Am Fam Physician 1992; 45: 199–205.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.