References
- Macfarlane J. An overview of community-acquired pneumonia with lessons learned from the British thoracic society study. Semin Respir Infect 1994; 9: 153–65.
- Donowitz GR, Mandell GL. Acute pneumonia. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 4th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995: 619–41.
- Örtqvist A. Initial investigation and treatment of the patient with severe community-acquired pneumonia. Semin Respir Infect 1994; 9: 166–79.
- US Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Statistical Abstract of the United States, 113th edn. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1993.
- Campbell GD. Overview of community-acquired pneumonia. Prognosis and clinical features. Med Clin N Am 1994; 78: 1035–48.
- Yu VL. Legionella Pneumophila (Legionnaire’s Disease). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 4th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995: 2087–97.
- Luby JP. Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Clin Chest Med 1991; 12: 237–44.
- Grayston JT. Infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 757–63.
- Marrie TJ. Community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18: 501–15.
- Bates JH, Campbell GD, Barron AL, McCracken GA, Morgan PN, Moses EB, et al. Microbial etiology of acute pneumonia in hospitalized patients. Chest 1992; 101: 1005–12.
- Pan X-S, Fisher. DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are dual targets of clinafloxacin action in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 2810–6.
- Ednie L, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. Comparative activities of clinafloxacin against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1269–73.
- Waites KB, et al. In vitro susceptibilities of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum to sparfloxacin and PD 12739l. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35: 1181–5.
- Gooding BB, Erwin ME, Barrett MS, Johnson DM, Jones RN. Antimicrobial activities of two investigational fluoroquinolones (CI-960 and E4695) against over 100 Legionella sp. isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36: 2049–50.
- Fernandes CJ, Ackerman VP. The in vitro activity of CI-960 (clinafloxacin) and CI-990 against routine and multiresistant clinical isolates. Posters presented at the 4th International Symposium on New Quinolones, Munich, Germany, 27–29 August, 1992: 10–11.
- Cohen MA, Huband MD, Gage JW, Yoder SL, Roland GE, Gracheck SJ. In-vitro activity of clinafloxacin, trovafloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 40: 205–11.
- Honeybourne D, Andrews JM, Cunningham B, Jevons G, Wise R. The concentrations of clinafloxacin in alveolar macrophages, epithelial lining fluid, bronchial mucosa and serum after administration of single 200 mg oral doses to patients undergoing fibre-optic bronchoscopy. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999; 43: 153–5.
- Maeda N, Tamagawa T, Niki I, Miura H, Ozawa K, Watanabe G, et al. Increase in insulin release from rat pancreatic islets by quinolone anibiotics. J Br Pharmacol 1996; 117: 372–6.
- Winston DJ, Blumer JL, Beveridge RA, Hathorn JW, Gucalp R, Ramphal R, et al. Randomized double-blind multicenter trial comparing clinafloxacin with imipenem as empirical monotherapy for febrile granulocytopenic patients. Clin Inf Dis 2001; 32(3): 381–90.
- Solomkin JS, Wilson SE, Dellinger EP, Rotstein OD, Christou NV, Bennion RB, et al. Results of a clinical trial of clinafloxacin vs imipenem/cilastatin for intra-abdominal infections. Ann Surg 2001; 233(1): 79–87.
- Tack KJ, Eiseman I, Zervos M. Clinafloxacin in serious infections caused by multiply resistant pathogens. Drugs 1999; 58 (Suppl 2): 260–2.