78
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Diagnostics of fungal infections in the Nordic countries: We still need to improve!

, , , , &
Pages 337-343 | Received 28 Jul 2006, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Berenguer J, Buck M, Witebsky F, Stock F, Pizzo PA, Walsh TJ. Lysis-centrifugation blood cultures in the detection of tissue-proven invasive candidiasis. Disseminated versus single-organ infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1993; 17: 103–9
  • Ellepola AN, Morrison CJ. Laboratory diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. J Microbiol 2005; 43: 65–84
  • Kami M, Machida U, Okuzumi K, Matsumura T, Mori SS, Hori A, et al. Effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on fungal blood cultures: an autopsy-based study involving 720 patients with haematological malignancy. Br J Haematol 2002; 117: 40–6
  • Assing K, Birgens H, Arendrup M. Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans resistant to fluconazole in an HIV-negative patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 441–4
  • NCCLS. Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard. 1997. NCCLS, 940 West Valley Road, Suite 1400, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087,1997.
  • , Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (AFST) of the ESCMID European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)Rodriguez-Tudela J L, Barchiesi F, Bille J, Chryssanthou E, Cuenza-Estrella M, Denning D, Donnelly JP, Dupont B, Fegeler W, Moore C, Richardson M, and Verweij PE. EUCAST Discussion Document E.Dis 7.1. Method for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth dilution of fermentative yeasts. 2002. http://www.escmid.org/Files/E_Def_7_1_06_2002.pdf.
  • Cuenca-Estrella M, Moore CB, Barchiesi F, Bille J, Chryssanthou E, Denning DW, et al. Multicentre evaluation of the reproducibility of the proposed antifungal susceptibility testing method for fermentative yeasts of the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AFST-EUCAST). Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 467–74
  • AB Biodisk. Etest Technical Guide 4. AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden; 1997. http://www.abbiodisk.se/pdf/etg/M0000004.pdf.
  • Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Rex JH, Espinel-Ingroff A, Johnson EM, Andes D, et al. Correlation of MIC with outcome for Candida species tested against voriconazole: analysis and proposal for interpretive breakpoints. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 819–26
  • Arendrup MC, Fuursted K, Gahrn-Hansen B, Jensen IM, Knudsen JD, Lundgren B, et al. Seminational surveillance of fungaemia in Denmark: notably high rates of fungaemia and numbers of isolates with reduced azole susceptibility. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 4434–40
  • Sandven P, Bevanger L, Digranes A, Haukland HH, Mannsaker T, Gaustad P. Candidaemia in Norway : results from a nationwide study. J Clin Microbiol ;44 1991; 2006: 1977–81
  • Tortorano AM, Peman J, Bernhardt H, Klingspor L, Kibbler CC, Faure O, et al. Epidemiology of candidaemia in Europe: results of 28-month European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) hospital-based surveillance study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2004; 23: 317–22
  • Waters L, Nelson M. Cryptococcal disease and HIV infection. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2005; 6: 2633–44
  • Denning DW, Evans EG, Kibbler CC, Richardson MD, Roberts MM, Rogers TR, et al. Guidelines for the investigation of invasive fungal infections in haematological malignancy and solid organ transplantation. British Society for Medical Mycology. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1997; 16: 424–36
  • Wiederhold NP, Lewis RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Invasive aspergillosis in patients with haematological malignancies. Pharmacotherapy 2003; 23: 1592–610
  • Munoz P, Burillo A, Bouza E. Criteria used when initiating antifungal therapy against Candida spp. in the intensive care unit. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000; 15: 83–90
  • Luzzati R, Amalfitano G, Lazzarini L, Soldani F, Bellino S, Solbiati M, et al. Nosocomial candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients at an Italian tertiary care hospital. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 19: 602–7
  • Baixench MT, Taillandier A, Paugam A. Clinical and experimental evaluation of a new chromogenic medium (OCCA(R), Oxoid) for direct identification of Candida albicans, C. tropicalis and C. krusei. Mycoses 2006; 49: 311–5
  • Odds FC, Bernaerts R. CHROMagar Candida, a new differential isolation medium for presumptive identification of clinically important Candida species. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32: 1923–9
  • Murray CK, Beckius ML, Green JA, Hospenthal DR. Use of chromogenic medium in the isolation of yeasts from clinical specimens. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54: 981–5
  • Arendrup M, Lundgren B, Jensen IM, Hansen BS, Frimodt-Moller N. Comparison of E-test and a tablet diffusion test with the NCCLS broth microdilution method for fluconazole and amphotericin B susceptibility testing of Candida isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001; 47: 521–6
  • Sandven P. Detection of fluconazole-resistant Candida strains by a disc diffusion screening test. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 3856–9
  • Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Karlsson A, Bolmstrom A. Evaluation of the E-test method for determining fluconazole susceptibilities of 402 clinical yeast isolates by using 3 different agar media. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36: 2586–9
  • Chryssanthou E. Trends in antifungal susceptibility among Swedish Candida species bloodstream isolates from 1994 to 1998: comparison of the E-test and the Sensititre YeastOne Colorimetric Antifungal Panel with the NCCLS M27-A reference method. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 4181–3
  • Chryssanthou E, Cuenca-Estrella M. Comparison of the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing proposed standard and the E-test with the NCCLS broth microdilution method for voriconazole and caspofungin susceptibility testing of yeast species. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 3841–4

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.