References
- Stroud RH, Friedman NR. An update on inflammatory disorders of the paediatric airway: epiglottitis, croup, and tracheitis. Am J Otolaryngol 2001; 22: 268–75
- Garpenholt O, Hugosson S, Fredlund H, Bodin L, Olcen P. Epiglottitis in Sweden before and after introduction of vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 490–3
- Jones R, Santos JI, Overall JC, Jr. Bacterial tracheitis. JAMA 1979; 242: 721–6
- Liston SL, Gehrz RC, Jarvis CW. Bacterial tracheitis. Arch Otolaryngol 1981; 107: 561–4
- Donnelly BW, McMillan JA, Weiner LB. Bacterial tracheitis: report of eight new cases and review. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12: 729–35
- Kasian GF, Bingham WT, Steinberg J, Ninan A, Sankaran K, Oman-Ganes L, et al. Bacterial tracheitis in children. CMAJ 1989; 140: 46–50
- Liston SL, Gehrz RC, Siegel LG, Tilelli J. Bacterial tracheitis. Am J Dis Child 1983; 137: 764–7
- Bernstein T, Brilli R, Jacobs B. Is bacterial tracheitis changing? A 14-month experience in a paediatric intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 458–62
- Marcos Alonso S, Molini Menchon N, Rodriguez Nunez A, Martinon Torres F, Martinon Sanchez JM. Traqueitis bacteriana: una causa infecciosa de obstruccion de la via aerea que hay que considerar en la infancia. An Pediatr (Barc) 2005; 63: 164–8
- Hopkins A, Lahiri T, Salerno R, Heath B. Changing epidemiology of life-threatening upper airway infections: the reemergence of bacterial tracheitis. Paediatrics 2006; 118: 1418–21
- Salamone FN, Bobbitt DB, Myer CM, Rutter MJ, Greinwald JH, Jr. Bacterial tracheitis reexamined: is there a less severe manifestation?. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004; 131: 871–6
- Devlin B, Golchin K, Adair R. Paediatric airway emergencies in Northern Ireland, 1990–2003. J Laryngol Otol 2007; 121: 659–63
- Danis, K, Smyth, B, Taylor, B, Coyle, P. Recent rise in bacterial tracheitis hospital admissions in Northern Ireland. Eurosurveillance. 2004;8: pii = 2352. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId = 2352.
- Eckel HE, Widemann B, Damm M, Roth B. Airway endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial tracheitis in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1993; 27: 147–57
- Office for National Statistics (England & Wales). Census. 2001. Available from: URL: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics. Year Book Australia. 2008. Available from: URL: http://www.abs.gov.au.
- Dudin AA, Thalji A, Rambaud-Cousson A. Bacterial tracheitis among children hospitalized for severe obstructive dyspnoea. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990; 9: 293–5
- Sofer S, Chernick V. Increased need for tracheal intubation for croup in relation to bacterial tracheitis. CMAJ 1983; 128: 160–1
- Friedman EM, Jorgensen K, Healy GB, McGill TJ. Bacterial tracheitis - two-year experience. Laryngoscope 1985; 95: 9–11
- Mahajan A, Alvear D, Chang C, Warren WS, Varma BK. Bacterial tracheitis, diagnosis and treatment. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1985; 10: 271–7
- Britto J, Habibi P, Walters S, Levin M, Nadel S. Systemic complications associated with bacterial tracheitis. Arch Dis Child 1996; 74: 249–50
- Rabie I, McShane D, Warde D. Bacterial tracheitis. J Laryngol Otol 1989; 103: 1059–62
- Bodkin S, Warde D. Moraxella catarrhalis - an unusual pathogen in bacterial tracheitis. Ir Med J 1993; 86: 208–9
- Singh RP, Marwaha RK. Fulminant Branhamella catarrhalis tracheitis. Ann Trop Paediatr 1990; 10: 221–2
- Bass JL, Axel SM, Mehta KA, Bennett LI. Bacterial tracheitis caused by Branhamella catarrhalis. Pediatr Emerg Care 1989; 5: 171–2
- Wong VK, Mason WH. Branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of bacterial tracheitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987; 6: 945–6
- Park JW. Bacterial tracheitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990; 9: 450–1
- Berner R, Leititis JU, Furste HO, Brandis M. Bacterial tracheitis caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Eur J Pediatr 1997; 156: 207–8
- Craig TJ, Maguire FE, Wallace MR. Tracheobronchitis due to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. South Med J 1991; 84: 504–6
- Strauss R, Mueller A, Wehler M, Neureiter D, Fischer E, Gramatzki M, et al. Pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis due to Bacillus cereus. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: E39-41
- Weinstock A, Amir J, Straussberg R, Varsano I. Bacterial tracheitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993; 12: 965–6
- Sofer S, Duncan P, Chernick V. Bacterial tracheitis: an old disease rediscovered. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1983; 22: 407–11
- Schildgen O, Muller A, Allander T, Mackay IM, Volz S, Kupfer B, et al. Human bocavirus: passenger or pathogen in acute respiratory tract infections?. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008; 21: 291–304
- Principi N, Bosis S, Esposito S. Human metapneumovirus in paediatric patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006; 12: 301–8
- Takase H, Nitanai H, Yamamura E, Otani T. Facilitated expansion of pneumococcal colonization from the nose to the lower respiratory tract in mice preinfected with influenza virus. Microbiol Immunol 1999; 43: 905–7
- Plotkowski MC, Puchelle E, Beck G, Jacquot J, Hannoun C. Adherence of type 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae to tracheal epithelium of mice infected with influenza A/PR8 virus. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134: 1040–4
- Jones WT, Menna JH. Influenza type A virus-mediated adherence of type 1a group B streptococci to mouse tracheal tissue in vivo. Infect Immun 1982; 38: 791–4
- Han BK, Dunbar JS, Striker TW. Membranous laryngotracheobronchitis (membranous croup). AJR Am J Roentgenol 1979; 133: 53–8
- Office for National Statistics (England & Wales). Deaths registered in England and Wales. Available from: URL: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk = 15096.
- Tebruegge, M, Pantazidou, A, Yau, C, Chisti, MJ, Curtis, N. Bacterial tracheitis - tremendously rare, but truly important: a systematic review. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, (in press).