Nocturia: A new perspective on an old symptom

References

• Van Kerrebroek P, Weiss J. Standardisation and terminology of nocturia. BJU Int 1999; 84 (Suppl 1): 1�4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barry MJ, Fowler FJ, Jr, O�Leary MP, Bruskewitz RC, Holtgrewe H, Mebust WK, et al. The American Uro-logical Association Symptom Index for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Measurement Committee of the American Urological Association. J Urol 1992; 148: 1549�57.
   Google Scholar
• Jolleys JV, Donovan JL, Nanchahal K, Peters TJ, Abrams P. Urinary symptoms in the community: how bothersome are they? Br J Urol 1994; 74: 551�5.
   Google Scholar
• Britton JP, Dowell AC, Whelan P. Prevalence of urinary symptoms in men aged over 60. Br J Urol 1996; 76: 75�6.
   Google Scholar
• Bruskewitz RC, Larsen EH, Madsen PO, D�rfinger T. Three-year follow-up of urinary symptoms after trans-urethral resection of the prostate. J Urol 1986; 136: 613�5.
   Google Scholar
• Lose G, Alling-M�ller L, Jennum P. Nocturia in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185: 514�21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart RB, More M, May FE, Marks RG, Hale WE. Nocturia, a risk factor for falls in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992; 40: 1217�20.
   Google Scholar
• Asplund R. Mortality in the elderly in relation to nocturnal micturition. BJU Int 1999; 84: 297�301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kerrebroeck P, Abrams P, Chaikin D, Donovan J, Fonda D, Jackson S, et al. The standardization of terminology in nocturia: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. J Neurourol Urodyn 2002; 21: 179�83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker JC, Mitteness LS. Nocturia in the elderly. Gerontologist 1998; 28: 99�104.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss J, Blaivas JG. Nocturia. J Urol 2000; 162: 5�12.
   Google Scholar
• M�ller-Ernst Jensen K, Lose G, Walter S. Nocturia, a common but overlooked problem. Ugeskr L�ger 2002; 164: 3849�52.
   Google Scholar
• Van de Walle J, Hoebeke P, Van Laecke E, Castillo D, Milicic D, Maraina C, et al. Persistent enuresis caused by nocturnal polyuria is a maturation defect of the nyctihemeral rhythm of diuresis. BJU 1998; 81 (Suppl 3): 40�5.
   Google Scholar
• Rittig S, Knudsen UB, N�rgaard JP, Pedersen EB, Djurhuus JC. Abnormal diurnal rhythm of plasma vasopressin and urinary output in patients with enuresis. Am J Physiol 1989; 256: F664�71.
   Google Scholar
• Uyger MC, Ergen A, Remzi D. Enuresis nocturna: new concepts in pathophysiology. Int Urol Nephrol 1995; 27: 439�43.
   Google Scholar
• Goldman R. Studies in diurnal variation of water and electrolyte excretion: nocturnal diuresis of water and sodium in congestive cardiac failure and cirrhosis of the liver. J Clin Invest 1951; 30: 1191�9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkland JL, Lye M, Levy DW, Banerjee AK. Patterns of urine flow and electrolyte excretion in healthy elderly people. Br Med J 1983; 287: 1665�7.
   Google Scholar
• Asplund R. The nocturnal polyuria syndrome (NPS). Gen Pharmacol 1995; 26: 1203�9.
   Google Scholar
• Matthiesen TB, Rittig S, N�rgaard JP, Pedersen EB, Djurhuus JC. Nocturnal polyuria and natriuresis in male patients with nocturia and lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol 1996; 156: 1292�9.
   Google Scholar
• Elithorn A, Bridges PK, Lobban MC, Tredre BE. Observations on some diurnal rhythms in depressive illness. Br Med J 1966; 2: 1620�3.
   Google Scholar
• Miller M. Nocturnal polyuria in older people: patho-physiology and clinical implications. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48: 1321�9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito M, Kondo A, Kato T, Yamada Y. Frequency volume charts: comparison of frequency between elderly and adult patients. Br J Urol 1993; 72: 38�41.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss JP, Blaivas JG, Stember DS. Nocturia in adults: etiology and classification. Neurourol Urodyn 1998; 17: 467�72.
   Google Scholar
• Mills JN. Diurnal rhythm in urine flow. J Physiol 1951; 113: 528�36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikuchi Y. Participation of atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) levels and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in aged persons with nocturia. Jpn J Urol 1995; 86: 1651�9.
   Google Scholar
• George CP, Messerli FH, Genest J, Nowaczynski W, Boucher R, Kuchel Orofo-Ortega M. Diurnal variation of plasma vasopressin in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975; 41: 332�8.
   Google Scholar
• Nadal M. Secretory rhythm of vasopressin in healthy subjects with inversed sleep-wake cycle; evidence for the existence of an intrinsic regulation. Eur J Endocrinol 1996; 134: 174�6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller JH, Shock NW. Age differences in the renal tubular response to antidiuretic hormone. J Gerontol 1953; 8: 446�50.
   Google Scholar
• Lindeman RD, Adler S, Yiengst MJ, Beard ES. Natriuresis and carbohydrate induced anti natriuresis after overnight fast and hydration. Nephron 1970; 7: 289�300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer JH. Age-related changes in the renin-aldosterone system, physiological effects and clinical implications. Drugs Aging 1993; 3: 238�45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cugnini P, Lucia P, DiPalma L, Re M, Canova R, Gasbarrone L. Effect of aging on the circadian rhythm of atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone. J Gerontol 1992; 47: B14�9.
   Google Scholar
• Weidmann P, DeMyttenaere-Bursztein S, Maxwell MH, DeLima J. Effect of aging on plasma renin and aldosterone on normal man. Kidney Int 1975; 8: 325�33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsunoda K, Abe K, Goto T, Yasujima M, Sato M, Omata K, et al. Effect of age on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal subjects: simultaneous measurements of active and inactive renin, renin substrate, and aldosterone in plasma. J Clin Endocrinol 1986; 62: 384�9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genest J, Larochelle P, Cusson JR, Gutkowska J, Cantin M. The atrial nutriuretic factor in hypertension: state of the art lecture. Hypertension 1988; 11 (Suppl 1): 13�7.
   Google Scholar
• Burgio KL, Engel BT, Locher JL. Normative patterns of
   Google Scholar