References
- Luederitz , O. , Gmeiner , J. , Kickhoefen , B. , Mayer , H. , Westphal , O. and Wheat , R. W. 1968 . Identification of d‐mannosamine and quinovosamine in Salmonella and related bacteria . J. Bacteriol. , 95 : 490 – 494 .
- Mayer , H. 1969 . d‐Mannosaminuronic acid structural units of K7‐antigens of Escherichia coli . Eur. J. Biochem. , 8 : 139 – 145 .
- Keleti , J. , Mayer , H. , Fromme , I. and Luederitz , O. 1970 . Indentification of 4‐deoxy‐d‐arabino‐hexose as a constituent in lipopolysaccharides of four Citrobacter species . Eur. J. Biochem. , 16 : 284 – 288 .
- Anderson , J. S. and Page , R. L. 1972 . Biosynthesis of the polysaccharide of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls, II: Identification of uridine diphospho‐N‐acetyl‐D‐mannosaminuronic acid as required substrate . J. Biol. Chem. , 247 : 2480 – 2485 .
- Page , R. L. and Anderson , J. S. 1972 . Biosynthesis of the polysaccharide of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls, I: Characterization of an in vitro system for polysaccharide biosynthesis . J. Biol. Chem. , 247 : 2471 – 2479 .
- Rohr , T. E. , Levy , G. N. , Stark , N. J. and Anderson , J. S. 1977 . Initial reactions in biosynthesis of teichuronic acid of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls . J. Biol. Chem. , 252 : 3460 – 3465 .
- Maennel , D. and Mayer , H. 1978 . Serological and immunological properties of isolated enterobacterial common antigen . Eur. J. Biochem. , 86 : 371 – 379 .
- Maennel , D. and Mayer , H. 1978 . Isolation and chemical characterization of the enterobacterial common antigen . Eur. J. Biochem. , 86 : 361 – 370 .
- Maennel , D. , Makela , P. H. and Mayer , H. 1978 . Enterobacterial common antigen in mutant strains of Salmonella . J. Bacteriol. , 135 : 348 – 353 .
- Traxler , C. I. , Goustin , A. S. and Anderson , J. S. 1982 . Elongation of teichuronic acid chains by a wall‐membrane preparation from Micrococcus luteus . J. Bacteriol. , 150 : 649 – 656 .
- Johnson , G. L. , Hoger , J. H. , Ratnayake , J. H. and Anderson , J. S. 1984 . Characterization of three intermediates in the biosynthesis of teichuronic acid of Micrococcus luteus . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , 235 : 679 – 691 .
- Hildebrandt , K. M. and Anderson , J. S. 1990 . Biosynthetic elongation of isolated teichuronic acid polymers via glucosyl‐ and N‐acetylmannosaminuronosyltransferases from solubilized cytoplasmic membrane fragments of Micrococcus luteus . J. Bacteriol. , 172 : 5160 – 5164 .
- Price , K. N. , Tuinman , A. , Baker , D. C. , Chisena , C. and Cysyk , R. L. 1997 . Isolation and characterization by electrospray‐ionization mass spectrometry and high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography of oligosaccharides derived from hyaluronic acid by hyaluronate lyase digestion: Observation of some heretofore unobserved oligosaccharides that contain an odd number of units . Carbohydr. Res. , 303 : 303 – 311 .
- Lamari , F. N. , Militsopoulou , M. , Mitropoulou , T. N. , Hjerpe , A. and Karamanos , N. K. 2002 . Analysis of glycosaminoglycan‐derived disaccharides in biologic samples by capillary electrophoresis and protocol for sequencing glycosaminoglycans . Biomed. Chromat. , 16 : 95 – 102 .
- Pope , R. M. , Raska , C. S. , Thorp , S. C. and Liu , J. 2001 . Analysis of heparan sulfate oligosaccharides by nano‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry . Glycobiology , 11 : 505 – 513 .
- Funderburgh , J. L. 2000 . Keratan sulfate: Structure, biosynthesis, and function . Glycobiology , 10 : 951 – 958 .
- Imanari , T. , Toida , T. , Koshiishi , I. and Toyoda , H. 1996 . High‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis of glycosaminoglycan‐derived oligosaccharides . J. Chromat. A , 720 : 275 – 293 .
- Zamfir , A. , Seidler , D. G. , Kresse , H. and Peter‐Katalinic , J. 2002 . Structural characterization of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate oligosaccharides from bovine aorta by capillary electrophoresis and electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry . Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. , 16 : 2015 – 2024 .
- Yang , H. O. , Gunay , N. S. , Toida , T. , Kuberan , B. , Yu , G. , Kim , Y. S. and Linhardt , R. J. 2000 . Preparation and structural determination of dermatan sulfate‐derived oligosaccharides . Glycobiology , 10 : 1033 – 1040 .
- Charter , N. W. , Mahal , L. K. , Koshland , D. E. Jr. and Bertozzi , C. R. 2002 . Differential effects of unnatural sialic acids on the polysialylation of the neural cell adhesion molecule and neuronal behavior . J. Biol. Chem. , 277 : 9255 – 9261 .
- Jacobs , C. L. , Goon , S. , Yarema , K. J. , Hinderlich , S. , Hang , H. C. , Chai , D. H. and Bertozzi , C. R. 2001 . Substrate specificity of the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway . Biochemistry , 40 : 12864 – 12874 .
- Lee , J. H. , Baker , T. J. , Mahal , L. K. , Zabner , J. , Bertozzi , C. R. , Wiemer , D. F. and Welsh , M. J. 1999 . Engineering novel cell surface receptors for virus‐mediated gene transfer . J. Biol. Chem. , 274 : 21878 – 21884 .
- Saxon , E. , Luchansky , S. J. , Hang , H. C. , Yu , C. , Lee , S. C. and Bertozzi , C. R. 2002 . Investigating cellular metabolism of synthetic azidosugars with the Staudinger ligation . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 124 : 14893 – 14902 .
- Gross , P. H. , Brendel , K. and Zimmerman , H. K. Jr. 1966 . Amino sugar synthesis, XVII: Synthesis of d‐rhamnosamine and of 2,6‐diamino‐2,6‐dideoxy‐d‐mannose from N‐acetyl‐d‐mannosamine . Liebigs. Ann. , 691 : 198 – 204 .
- Kundu , N. G. , Crawford , J. F. , Prajsnar , B. , Reed , E. J. and Rosenthal , S. 1970 . Synthesis of 2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐d‐mannuronic acid and some derivatives thereof . Carbohydr. Res. , 12 : 225 – 232 .
- Carlo , M. J. , Cosmatos , A. and Zimmerman , H. K. Jr. 1961 . Relationships between basicity and reactivity 2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐d‐mannose I . Liebigs. Ann. , 650 : 187 – 189 .
- Cerny , M. and Stanek , J. Jr. 1977 . 1,6‐Anhydro derivatives of aldohexoses . Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. , 34 : 23 – 177 .
- Richtmyer , N. K. 1962 . βd‐Altrose: Transformation of d‐glucose into d‐altrose: Configurational inversion through the epoxide (the two‐inversion sequence) . Methods Carbohydr. Chem. , 1 : 107 – 113 .
- Ohle , H. and Spencker , K. 1928 . Some derivatives of the benzylidenemethylglucosides . Chem. Ber. , 61B : 2387 – 2392 .
- Newth , F. H. 1959 . Sugar epoxides . Quart. Revs. , 13 : 30 – 47 . (London)
- Myers , W. H. and Robertson , G. J. 1943 . Synthesis of amino sugars I . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 65 : 8 – 11 .
- Fuerst , A. and Plattner , P. A. 12th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry . pp. 1951 New York Abstracts Paper 409:
- Chan , W.‐P. and Gross , P. H. 1980 . Evidence for bicyclic oxonium ions in the nitrous acid deamination of benzyl 2‐amino‐4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucopyranosides . J. Org. Chem. , 45 : 1369 – 1373 .
- Sinay , P. , Halford , M. D. A. , Choudhary , M. S. , Gross , P. H. and Jeanloz , R. W. 1972 . Synthesis of the d‐manno analog of muramic acid, 2‐amino‐3‐O‐(d‐1‐carboxyethyl)‐2‐deoxy‐d‐mannose . J. Biol. Chem. , 247 : 391 – 397 .
- Winstein , S. and Boschan , R. 1950 . The role of neighboring groups in replacement reactions, XVII: Complex neighboring group: The benzamido group . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 72 : 4669 – 4677 .
- Choudhary , B. , Zimmerman , H. K. and Gross , P. H. 155th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society . San Francisco Papers abstract C‐16
- Rhoads , W. D. and Gross , P. H. 1969 . Heterocyclic amino sugar derivatives, II: Epimino and oxazolidinone derivatives of 2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐d‐allose . Carbohydr. Res. , 11 : 561 – 564 .
- Gross , P. H. and Jeanloz , R. W. 1967 . Optically pure N‐substituted derivatives of benzyl 2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐α‐ and β‐d‐glucopyranoside . J. Org. Chem. , 32 : 2759 – 2763 .
- Karplus , M. 1959 . Contact electron‐spin coupling of nuclear magnetic moments . J. Chem. Phys. , 30 : 11 – 15 .
- Haasnoot , C. A. G. , De Leeuw , F. A. A. M. and Altona , C. 1980 . The relation between proton–proton NMR coupling constants and substituent electronegativities, I: An empirical generalization of the Karplus equation . Tetrahedron , 36 : 2783 – 2792 .
- Minch , M. J. 1994 . Orientational dependence of vicinal proton–proton NMR coupling constants: The Karplus relationship . Concepts Magn. Reson. , 6 : 41 – 56 .
- Foster , A. B. , Stacey , M. and Vardheim , S. V. 1959 . Amino sugars and related compounds, VI: Action of alkali on benzyloxycarbonylamino derivatives . Acta Chem. Scand. , 13 : 281 – 288 .
- Johnson , C. A. and Gross , P. H. 1973 . Heterocyclic amino sugar derivatives, VI: Stabilization of a reactive intermediate by steric hindrance. Mechanism of 3,6‐anhydro sugar formation . J. Org. Chem. , 38 : 2509 – 2512 .
- Miyai , K. and Gross , P. H. 1969 . Heterocyclic aminosugar derivatives, II: Preparation of d‐glucopyranosido‐[2.3:4′.5′]‐2′‐oxazolidinones . J. Org. Chem. , 34 : 1638 – 1642 .
- Bodansky , M. and Bodansky , A. 1984 . “ The practice of peptide synthesis ” . New York : Springer .
- Collins , P. M. 1987 . “ Carbohydrates; ” . Chapman and Hall .