The Critical Role of School Climate in Effective Bullying Prevention

References

• Bell , C. D. , Raczynski , K. A. and Horne , A. M. 2010 . Bully Busters abbreviated: Evaluation of a group-based bully intervention and prevention program . Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice , 14 : 257 – 267 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center for Social and Emotional Education . 2003 . Developmental milestones Retrieved December 11, 2012, from www.csee.net/school/milestones.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. 2006 . Social, emotional, ethical, and academic education: Creating a climate for learning, participation in democracy, and well-being . Harvard Educational Review , 76 : 201 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. and Geier , V. K. 2010 . School climate research summary: January 2010 New York , NY : Center for Social and Emotional Education. . Retrieved March 27, 2013 from www.schoolclimate.org/climate/research.php.
   Google Scholar
• Committee for Children . 2001 . Steps to Respect: A bullying prevention program. Seattle , WA : Author. .
   Google Scholar
• Committee for Children . 2002 . Second Step: A violence prevention curriculum. Preschool/kindergarten–grade 9 trainer's manual, , 3rd ed. Seattle , WA : Author. .
   Google Scholar
• Cooke , M. B. , Ford , J. , Levine , J. , Bourke , C. , Newell , L. and Lapidus , G. 2007 . The effects of city-wide implementation of ‘Second Step’ on elementary school students' prosocial and aggressive behaviors . Journal of Primary Prevention , 28 : 93 – 115 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cotton , K. 2001 . New small learning communities: Findings from recent literature. Portland , OR : Northwest Regional Education Laboratory. .
   Google Scholar
• Doll , B. and Spies , R. A. The CMS. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the National Association of School Psychologists . New York , NY . March .
   Google Scholar
• Doll , B. , Spies , R. A. , LeClair , C. M. , Kurien , S. A. and Foley , B. P. 2010 . Student perceptions of classroom learning environments: Development of the ClassMaps Survey . School Psychology Review , 39 : 203 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliot , M. , Cornell , D. , Gregory , A. and Fan , X. 2010 . Supportive school climate and student willingness to seek help for bullying and threats of violence . Journal of School Psychology , 48 : 533 – 553 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emmons , C. L. 1993 . School development in an inner city: An analysis of factors selected from Comer's program using latent variable structural equations modeling . Dissertation Abstracts International , 54 ( A ) : 1287A
   Google Scholar
• Epstein , L. , Plog , A. E. and Porter , W. 2002 . Bully-Proofing Your School: Results of a four-year intervention . Report on Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Youth , 2 : 55 – 56 . 73 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Espelage , D. and Swearer , S. M. 2009 . “ Contributions of three social theories to understanding bullying perpetration and victimization among school-aged youth. ” . In Bullying, rejection, and peer victimization: A social cognitive neuroscience perspective Edited by: Harris , M. J. 151 – 170 . New York , NY : Springer. .
   Google Scholar
• Fonagy , P. , Twemlow , S. W. , Vernberg , E. M. , Nelson , J. M. , Dill , E. J. , Little , T. D. and Sargent , J. A. 2009 . A cluster randomized controlled trial of child-focused psychiatric consultation and a school systems-focused intervention to reduce aggression . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 50 : 607 – 616 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey , K. S. , Hirschstein , M. K. , Edstrom , L. V. and Snell , J. L. 2009 . Observed reductions in school bullying, nonbullying aggression, and destructive bystander behavior: A longitudinal evaluation . Journal of Educational Psychology , 101 : 466 – 481 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey , K. S. , Hirschstein , M. K. , Snell , J. L. , Edstrom , L. V.S. , MacKenzie , E. P. and Broderick , C. J. 2005 . Reducing playground bullying and supporting beliefs: An experimental trial of the Steps to Respect Program . Developmental Psychology , 41 : 479 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman , J. and Rosenbaum , D. P. 1998 . Social control theory: The salience of components by age, gender, and type of crime . Journal of Quantitative Criminology , 4 : 363 – 380 .
   Google Scholar
• Garrity , C. , Jens , K. , Porter , W. , Sager , N. and Short-Camilli , C. 1994 . Bully-Proofing Your School: A comprehensive approach for elementary school. Longmont , CO : Sopris West. .
   Google Scholar
• Gendron , B. P. , Williams , K. R. and Guerra , N. G. 2011 . An analysis of bullying among students within schools: Estimating the effects of individual normative beliefs, self-esteem, and school climate . Journal of School Violence , 10 : 150 – 164 .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and Bellmore , A. 2007 . Peer victimization and mental health during early adolescence . Theory into Practice , 46 : 138 – 146 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo , P. , Choe , J. and Higgins-D'Alessandro , A. 2011 . Report on construct validity and internal consistency findings for the Comprehensive School Climate Inventory Retrieved December 11, 2012, from http://www.schoolclimate.org/climate/documents/Fordham_Univ_CSCI_development_review_2011.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Haggerty , K. , Elgin , J. and Woolley , A. 2010 . Social-emotional learning assessment measures for middle school youth. Retrieved December 11, 2012, from http://www.schoolclimate.org/climate/documents/RaikesReportFinalOct.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Hirschi , T. 1969 . Causes of delinquency. Berkeley , CA : University of California Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. W. and Johnson , R. T. 1981 . The integration of the handicapped into the regular classroom: Effects of cooperative and individualistic instruction . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 6 : 344 – 353 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. W. and Johnson , R. T. 1983 . Social interdependence and perceived academic and personal support in the classroom . Journal of Social Psychology , 120 : 77 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. W. and Johnson , R. T. 1991 . “ Cooperative learning and classroom and school climate. ” . In Educational environments: Evaluation, antecedents and consequences Edited by: Fraser , B. J. and Walberg , H. J. 55 – 74 . Elmsford , NY : Pergamon. .
   Google Scholar
• Kuperminc , G. P. , Leadbeater , B. J. , Emmons , C. and Blatt , S. J. 1997 . Perceived school climate and difficulties in the social adjustment of middle school students . Applied Developmental Science , 1 : 76 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Lodge , J. and Frydenberg , E. 2005 . The role of peer bystanders in school bullying: Positive steps toward promoting peaceful school . Theory into Practice , 44 : 329 – 336 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loukas , A. 2007 . What is school climate? . Leadership Compass , 5 : 1 – 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Menard , S. , Grotpeter , J. , Gianola , D. and O'Neal , M. 2008 . Evaluation of Bully-Proofing Your School: Final report Retrieved December 11, 2012 from http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/221078.pdf
   Google Scholar
• National School Climate Council . 2012 . School climate. Retrieved December 11, 2012 from http://www.schoolclimate.org/climate/
   Google Scholar
• Newman , D. A. , Horne , A. M. and Bartolomucci , C. L. 2000 . Bully busters: A teacher's manual for helping bullies, victims, and bystanders. Champaign , IL : Research Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Newman-Carlson , D. A. and Horne , A. M. 2004 . Bully Busters: A psychoeducational intervention for reducing bullying behavior in middle school students . Journal of Counseling & Development , 82 : 259 – 267 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw , C. R. and McKay , H. 1942 . Juvenile delinquency and urban areas Chicago , IL : University of Chicago Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Stewart , E. A. 2003 . School social bounds, school climate, and school misbehavior: A multilevel analysis . Justice Quarterly , 20 : 575 – 602 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugai , G. , Horner , R. and Algozzine , B. 2011 . Reducing the effectiveness of bullying behavior in schools Retrieved September 10, 2013 from http://www.pbis.org/common/pbisresources/publications/PBIS_Bullying_Behavior_Apr19_2011.pdf. OSEP Center on Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports
   Google Scholar
• Swearer , S. M. , Wang , C. , Collins , A. , Strawhun , J. and Fluke , S. “ The prevention of bullying: A school mental health perspective. ” . In Handbook of school mental health, , 2nd ed. Edited by: Weist , M. , Lever , N. , Bradshaw , C. and Owens , J. New York , NY : Springer. . (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Taub , J. 2001 . Evaluation of the Second Step Violence Prevention Program at a rural elementary school . School Psychology Review , 31 : 186 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , B. , Stein , N. D. , Woods , D. and Mumford , E. 2011 . Shifting boundaries: Final report on an experimental evaluation of a youth dating violence prevention program in New York City middle schools. Washington , DC : Police Execute Research Forum. .
   Google Scholar
• Ttofi , M. and Farrington , D. P. 2011 . Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: A systematic and meta-analytic review . Journal of Experimental Criminology , 7 : 27 – 56 . doi: 10.1007/s11292–010-9109–1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twemlow , S. W. , Fonagy , P. and Sacco , F. C. 2001 . An innovative psychodynamically influenced intervention to reduce school violence . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 40 : 377 – 379 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unnever , J. D. and Cornell , D. G. 2003 . The culture of bullying in middle school . Journal of School Violence , 2 : 5 – 27 .
   Google Scholar