- Language 23.239–44 (1947).
- Studies in Vietnamese (Annamese) Grammar, University of California Publications in Linguistics 8, 1951, pp. 144 ff.
- More exactly, the Hanoi dialect of Vietnamese, since the other one, often called Saigonese, does not differentiate between the 4th and the 5th tones. The tone names used here were first employed by Emeneau. Vietnamese names for the six tones are, respectively, dâu bàng, dâu sác, dâu nặng, dâu ngā, dâu hὀi, and dâu huyến.
- These rules, while strictly obligatory when the two symmetrical lines are used in a poem, may not be followed to the letter in lesse formal utterances. Two textbooks in Vietnamese literature are worth referring to: Duong Quang Hàm, Việt-Nam Văn-Học Sü-Yêu (Hanoi, 1951) and Bùi Kỷ, Quôc-Vān Cụ-Thè (Hanoi: Tân-Việt, 1932). Georges Cordier's Morceaux Choisis d'Auteurs Annamites (Hanoi, 1932) touches on various literary traditions in Vietnam too.
- Bác as a kinship term refers to ‘ego's father's elder sibling or cousin,’ but as a status pronoun it has meaning ‘you’ when used by the nephew (or niece), and ‘I’ when used by the uncle himself. Here it is used as ‘you’ between friends, who assume the fictitious relation of siblings or cousins.
- This constitutes indeed one of different varieties of slang and cant which A. Chéon analyzed in his article « L'Argot Annamite », Revue Indochinoise, August 1906, pp. 1269–1297.
- See for instance Nguyên Văn Hanh, Hô Xuân Huong: Tác-Phâm, Thân-Thê và Vān-Tài (Saigon, 1936).
- As its name indicates, this elegant pigeon-house-like temple, complete with veranda, inner chamber and altar, is borne by a huge column made of a single tree trunk planted in a tiny lotus pond. It dates back from the eleventh century.
- Name given in 1010 by King Ly Thai To to the ancient capital city after he reportedly saw, upon moving in from Hoa-Lu, a gol len dragon rising from the citadel. Cf. Trân Tnọng Kim, Viêt-Nam Sü-Luoc (Hanoi: Tân-Việt, 1949, 3rd ed.), p. 97.
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