952
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Midden cultivation in prehistoric Britain: arable crops in gardens

Pages 224-239 | Published online: 18 Feb 2007

References

References

  • Armit , I and Finlayson , B . 1992 . Hunter-gatherers transformed: the transition to agriculture in northern and western Europe . Antiquity , 66 : 664 – 76 .
  • Bakels , CC . 1997 . The beginnings of manuring in Western Europe . Antiquity , 71 : 442 – 5 .
  • Barber J 2003 Bronze Age Farms and Iron Age Farm Mounds of the Outer Hebrides www.sair.org.uk (SAIR 3)
  • Barclay GJ 1997 The Neolithic In Scotland: Environment and Archaeology, 8000 bc–ad 1000 (eds. K. J. Edwards and I. B. M. Ralston), Chichester: Wiley pp. 127–49
  • Barker G 1999 Cattle-keeping in ancient Europe: to live together or apart? In Settlement and Landscape (eds C. Fabech and J. Ringtved), Åarhus: Jutland Archaeological Society pp. 273–80
  • Bloch M Parry J (eds) 1982 Death and the Regeneration of Life Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Bogaard A 2004 Neolithic Farming in Central Europe: An Archaeobotanical Study of Crop Husbandry Practices London: Routledge
  • Bogaard , A . 2005 . Garden agriculture’ and the nature of early farming in Europe and the Near East . World Archaeology , 37 ( 2 ) : 177 – 96 .
  • Bradley R 2003 Neolithic expectations In Neolithic Settlement in Ireland and Western Britain (eds I. Armit, E. Murphy, E. Nelis and D. Simpson), Oxford: Oxbow Books
  • Brady NC Weil RR 1999 The Nature and Properties of Soils London: Prentice-Hall International
  • Bull , ID , Simpson , IA , van Bergen , PF and Evershed , RP . 1999 . Muck'n'molecules: organic geochemical methods for detecting ancient manuring . Antiquity , 73 : 86 – 96 .
  • Buteux S 1997 Settlements at Skaill, Deerness, Orkney: Excavations by Peter Gelling of the Prehistoric, Pictish, Viking and Later Periods, 1963–1981 Oxford: British Archaeological Reports (British Series) 260
  • Canti , MG . 1997 . An investigation of microscopic calcareous spherulites from herbivore dungs . Journal of Archaeological Science , 24 : 219 – 31 .
  • Canti , MG . 2003 . Aspects of the chemical and microscopic characteristics of plant ashes found in archaeological soils . Catena , 54 : 339 – 61 .
  • Card N Downes J Sharman P 2000 Excavations at Minehowe, Tankerness Orkney, unpublished report, Orkney Archaeological Trust
  • Clarke DV Sharples N 1985 Settlements and subsistence in the third millennium BC In The Prehistory of Orkney (ed. C. Renfrew), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press pp 54–82
  • Clarke , DV , Hope , R and Wickham-Jones , C . 1978 . The Links of Noltland . Current Archaeology , 6 ( 2 ) : 44 – 6 .
  • Cooney G 2000 Landscapes of Neolithic Ireland London: Routledge
  • Davidson , DA and Carter , SP . 1998 . Micromorphological evidence of past agricultural practices in cultivated soils: the impact of a traditional agricultural system on soils at Papa Stour, Shetland . Journal of Archaeological Science , 25 : 827 – 38 .
  • Dockrill SJ 1998 Northern exposures: Phase 1 of the Old Scatness excavations 1995–8 In Old Scatness Broch, Shetland: Retrospect and Prospect (eds R. A. Nicholson and S. J. Dockrill). Bradford, University of Bradford/Shetland Amenity Trust/North Atlantic Biocultural Organisation pp. 59–80
  • Dockrill SJ Bond JM Milles A Simpson I Ambers J 1994 Tofts Ness, Sanday, Orkney; an integrated study of a buried Orcadian landscape In Whither Environmental Archaeology? (eds R. Luff and P. Rowley-Conwy), Oxford: Oxbow Books pp. 115–32
  • Dockrill , SJ , Bond , JM , Crummett , J and Heron , CP . 1995 . Scatness, Shetland: an integrated survey of a multiperiod settlement mound . Archaeological Prospection , 2 : 141 – 54 .
  • Dockrill SJ Bond JM O'Connor TP 1998 Beyond the burnt mound: the South Nesting palaeolandscape project In The Shaping of Shetland (ed. V. Turner), Lerwick: The Shetland Times pp. 61–85
  • Evershed , RP , Bethell , PH , Reynolds , PJ and Walsh , NJ . 1997 . 5δ–stigmastanol and related 5δ–stanols as biomarkers of manuring: analysis of modern experimental material and assessment of the archaeological potential . Journal of Archaeological Science , 24 : 485 – 95 .
  • Fairweather , AD and Ralston , IBM . 1993 . The Neolithic timber hall at Balbridie, Grampian Region, Scotland: the building, the date, the plant macrofossils . Antiquity , 67 : 313 – 23 .
  • Fenton A 1978 The Northern Isles: Orkney and Shetland Edinburgh: John Donald
  • Fenton A 1981 Early manuring techniques In Farming Practice in British Prehistory (ed. R. Mercer), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press pp. 210–17
  • Gilbertson , DD , Schwenninger , J-L , Kemp , RA and Rhodes , EJ . 1999 . Sand-drift and soil formation along an exposed North Atlantic coastline: 14,000 years of diverse geomorphological, climatic and human impacts . Journal of Archaeological Science , 26 : 439 – 69 .
  • Gregory RA Murphy EM Simpson DDA Church MJ Guttmann EB In press. Mesolithic occupation at Northton, Harris, Western Isles, Scotland Journal of European Archaeology
  • Guttmann EB 2001a Continuity and change in arable land management in the Northern Isles: evidence from anthropogenic soils doctoral dissertation, Department of Environmental Science, University of Stirling
  • Guttmann EBA 2001b Minehowe: the geoarchaeological analysis unpublished report, Orkney Archaeological Trust
  • Guttmann EBA in press The soils In Excavations at Northton, Isle of Harris (eds D. D. A. Simpson, E. Murphy and R. Gregory)
  • Guttmann , EBA and Last , J . 2000 . A Late Bronze Age landscape at South Hornchurch, Greater London . Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , 66 : 319 – 59 .
  • Guttmann EB Simpson IA Davidson DA in press a Manuring practices in antiquity: a review of the evidence In Fertile Ground: Papers in Honour of Susan Limbrey (eds M. Brickley and D. Smith), Oxford: Oxbow Books
  • Guttmann EBA Dockrill SJ Simpson IA in press b Arable agriculture in prehistory: new evidence from soils in the Northern Isles Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 134
  • Hunter J Bond J Dockrill SJ Smith B (eds) forthcoming Excavations on Sanday, Orkney
  • Iversen , J . 1941 . Land occupation in Denmark's Stone Age . Danmarks Geologiske Undersogelse , 11 ( 66 ) : 1 – 68 .
  • Jones G 2000 Evaluating the importance of cultivation and collecting in Neolithic Britain In Plants in Neolithic Britain and Beyond (ed. A. S. Fairbairn), Oxford: Oxbow Books pp. 79–84
  • Jones , G . 2005 . Garden cultivation of staple crops and its implications for settlement location and continuity . World Archaeology , 37 ( 2 ) : 164 – 176 .
  • Jones G forthcoming Evidence for the importance of cereals in the Neolithic: charred plant remains from the Neolithic settlement at Lismore Fields, Buxton In The Excavation of a Mesolithic and Neolithic Settlement Area at Lismore Fields, Buxton, Derbyshire (ed. D. Garton)
  • Limbrey S 1975 Soil Science and Archaeology London: Academic Press
  • Limbrey S 1997 Soils and cultivation practices In Settlements at Skaill, Deerness, Orkney: Excavations by Peter Gelling of the Prehistoric, Pictish, Viking and later periods, 1963–1981 (ed. S. Buteux), Oxford: British Archaeological Reports 260 pp. 17–23
  • Linderholm J 1997 Prehistoric land management and cultivation: a soil chemical study The Archaeological Soil Micromorphology Working Group, Bulletin 1 London: Institute of Archaeology pp. 9–13
  • Macphail RI 1983 The micromorphology of dark earth from Gloucester, London and Norfolk: an analysis of urban anthropogenic deposits from the late Roman to early Medieval periods In Soil Micromorphology (eds P. Bullock and C. P. Murphy), Berkhamsted: A. B. Academic pp. 367–88
  • Macphail RI 1990 The soils In Hazleton North, Gloucestershire, 1979–82: The Excavation of a Neolithic Long Cairn of the Cotswold-Severn Group (ed. A. Saville), London: HBMCE Archaeological Report 13 pp. 223–6
  • Macphail , RI , Courty , MA and Gebhardt , A . 1990 . Soil micromorphological evidence of early agriculture in north-west Europe . World Archaeology , 22 ( 1 ) : 53 – 69 .
  • Needham SP Sørensen MLS 1988 Runnymede refuse tip: a consideration of midden deposits and their formation In The Archaeology of Context in the Neolithic and Bronze Age: Recent Trends (eds J. C. Barrett and I. A. Kinnes), Sheffield: Sheffield University Department of Archaeology and Prehistory pp. 113–26
  • Nielsen , BO , Mahler , V and Rasmussen , P . 2000 . An arthropod assemblage and the ecological conditions in a byre at the Neolithic settlement at Weier, Switzerland . Journal of Archaeological Science , 27 : 209 – 18 .
  • Ottaway , JH . 1984 . Persistence of organic phosphates in buried soils . Nature , 307 : 257 – 9 .
  • Pollard , A . 1990 . Down through the ages: a review of the Oban cave deposits . Scottish Archaeological Review , 7 : 58 – 74 .
  • Ritchie , A . 1983 . Excavation of a Neolithic farmstead at Knap of Howar, Papa Westray, Orkney . Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland , 113 : 40 – 121 .
  • Robinson MA 2000 Further considerations of Neolithic charred cereals, fruit and nuts In Plants in Neolithic Britain and Beyond (ed. A. S. Fairbairn), Oxford: Oxbow Books pp. 85–90
  • Romans JCC 1986 Some notes on the soils at Scord of Brouster, Shetland In Scord of Brouster: An Early Agricultural Settlement on Shetland (A. Whittle, M. Keith-Lucas, A. Milles, B. Noddle, S. Rees and J. C. C. Romans), Oxford: Oxford University Committee for Archaeology Monograph 9 pp. 125–31
  • Romans JCC Robertson L 1983 An account of the soils at North Mains In Barclay, G. J. Sites of the third millennium BC to the first millennium AD at North Mains, Strathallan, Perthshire. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 113 122–81, see pp. 260–9
  • Schulting , RJ and Richards , MP . 2002 . The wet, the wild and the domesticated: the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition on the west coast of Scotland . European Journal of Archaeology , 5 ( 2 ) : 147 – 89 .
  • Simpson DDA 1976 The later Neolithic and Beaker settlement site at Northton, Isle of Harris In Settlement and Economy in the Third and Second Millennia B.C (eds C. Burgess and R. Miket), Oxford: British Archaeological Report 33 pp. 221–32
  • Simpson IA Guttmann EB Shepherd A in prep. Characterising midden in Neolithic settlement construction: an assessment from Skara Brae, Orkney Geoarchaeology
  • Therkorn , LL , Brandt , RW , Pals , JP and Taylor , M . 1984 . An early Iron Age farmstead: Site Q of the Assendelver Polders project . Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , 50 : 351 – 73 .
  • Thomas J 1991 Rethinking the Neolithic Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Thomas J 1999 Understanding the Neolithic London: Routledge
  • Whittle , A . 1996 . When did Neolithic farmers settle down? . British Archaeology , 16 : 7
  • Wild A 1993 Soils and the Environment: An Introduction Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Woodward D 1994 Gooding the earth In The History of Soils and Field Systems (eds S. Foster and T. C. Smout), Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press pp. 101–10

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.