195
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Comparing drowning (unintentional and intentional) and immersion deaths, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia: a 6-year retrospective study

, &
Pages 271-283 | Received 06 Sep 2022, Accepted 18 Nov 2022, Published online: 20 Dec 2022

References

  • Global report on drowning: preventing a leading killer. In: Global report on drowning: preventing a leading killer. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2014. p. 3.
  • Franklin RC, Peden AE, Hamilton EB, Bisignano C, Castle CD, Dingels ZV, Hay SI, Liu Z, Mokdad AH, Roberts NLS, et al. The burden of unintentional drowning: global, regional and national estimates of mortality from the global burden of disease 2017 study. Inj Prev. 2020;26(Suppl 2):i83–i95. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043484
  • James SL, Castle CD, Dingels ZV, Fox JT, Hamilton EB, Liu Z, Roberts S, Sylte NL, Henry DO, NJ LKE, et al. Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the global burden of disease study 2017. Inj Prev. 2020;26(Suppl 2):i96–i114. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043494
  • Hsieh W-H, Wang C-H, Lu T-H. Drowning mortality by intent: a population-based cross-sectional study of 32 OECD countries, 2012–2014. BMJ Open. 2018;8(7):e021501. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021501
  • Franklin RC, Scarr JP, Pearn JH. Reducing drowning deaths: the continued challenge of immersion fatalities in Australia. Med J Austr. 2010;192(3):123–126. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03448.x
  • Ahlm K, Saveman B-I, Björnstig U. Drowning deaths in Sweden with emphasis on the presence of alcohol and drugs – a retrospective study, 1992–2009. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):216. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-216
  • Lunetta P, Smith GS, Penttilä A, Sajantila A. Unintentional drowning in Finland 1970–2000: a population-based study. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33(5):1053–1063. doi:10.1093/ije/dyh194
  • Pajunen T., Vuori E., Vincenzi F.F. et al. Unintentional drowning: Role of medicinal drugs and alcohol. BMC Public Health. 2017;17:388. doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4306-8
  • Peden AE, Taylor DH, Franklin RC. Pre-existing medical conditions: a systematic literature review of a silent contributor to adult drowning. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(14):8863. doi:10.3390/ijerph19148863
  • Pearn J, Peden A, Franklin R. The influence of alcohol and drugs on drowning among victims of senior years. Safety. 2019; 5:8. doi:10.3390/safety5010008
  • Cenderadewi M, Franklin RC, Peden AE, Devine S. Pattern of intentional drowning mortality: a total population retrospective cohort study in Australia, 2006–2014. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1). doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6476-z
  • Demographics of our region [Internet]. Queensland: Gold Coast Primary Health Network; [ cited 2022 Nov 16]. Available from: https://gcphn.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2.1-Demographics-for-our-region-v-1.2.pdf
  • Department of Tourism, Innovation and Sport: Gold Coast [Internet]. Queensland: Government Queensland; 2021 Feb 25 [cited 2022 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.dtis.qld.gov.au/your-region/gold-coast
  • City of Gold Coast [Internet]. Queensland: Council of the City of Gold Coast; [cited: 2022 Nov 16]. Available from: https://www.goldcoast.qld.gov.au/Services/Venues-facilities/Aquatic-centres
  • Queensland Courts: Maps [Internet]. Queensland: Queensland Courts; c2016-2021 [cited: 2022 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/94448/osc-map-south-east-qld.pdf
  • Australian Water Safety Strategy 2030 [Internet]. NSW: Royal Life Saving Society; [cited: 2022 Nov 16]. Available from: https://www.royallifesaving.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/43275/AWS_Strategy2030_Final-for-web.pdf
  • Cenderadewi M, Franklin RC, Peden AE, Devine S. Fatal intentional drowning in Australia: a systematic literature review of rates and risk factors. PLOS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0231861. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0231861
  • Plueckhahn VD. Alcohol, drugs and drowning. Aust Alcohol - Drug Rev. 1984;3(2):93–97. doi:10.1080/09595238480000351
  • Stephenson L, Byard RW, van den Heuvel C, Peden AE. Fatal drowning among tourists and recently arrived individuals from overseas at south Australian metropolitan beaches. Aust J Forensic Sci. 2021;53(5):535–542. doi:10.1080/00450618.2020.1759686
  • Reijnen G, van de Westeringh M, Buster MC, Vos PJE, Reijnders ULJ. Epidemiological aspects of drowning and non-fatal drowning in the waters of Amsterdam. J Forensic Leg Med. 2018; 58:78–81. doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2018.04.014
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Alcohol and Water Safety [Internet]. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia; 2003 [ cited 2022 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/a079d8ea-c861-4a21-8f62-f50c53ce58b1/alcwater.pdf.aspx?inline=true
  • Donaldson S, Bi P, Hiller B. Secular change in mortality from suicide in Australia during the 20th century. Aust J Prim Health. 2007;13(1):45. doi:10.1071/PY07006
  • Matsuyama T, Kitamura T, Kiyohara K, Hayashida S, Kawamura T, Iwami T, Ohta B. Characteristics and outcomes of emergency patients with self-inflicted injuries: a report from ambulance records in Osaka city, Japan. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2016;24(1). doi:10.1186/s13049-016-0261-0
  • Puzo Q, Qin P, Mehlum L. Long-term trends of suicide by choice of method in Norway: a joinpoint regression analysis of data from 1969 to 2012. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1). doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2919-y
  • Shah A, Buckley L. The current status of methods used by the elderly for suicides in England and Wales. J Inj Violence Res. 2011;3(2):68–73. doi:10.5249/jivr.v3i2.78
  • Stemberga V, Bralic M, Coklo M, Cuculic D, Bosnar A. Suicidal drowning in southwestern Croatia: a 25-year review. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010;31(1):52–54. doi:10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c215c8
  • Byard RW, Houldsworth G, James RA, Gilbert JD. Characteristic features of suicidal drownings: a 20-year study. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2001;22(2):134–138. doi:10.1097/00000433-200106000-00005
  • Royal Life Saving Australia: Royal Life Saving National Drowning Report 2022 [Internet]. NSW: Royal Life Saving Australia; 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.royallifesaving.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/67687/RLS_NationalDrowningReport2022_SPG_LR.pdf
  • Peden AE, Barnsley PD, Queiroga AC. The association between school holidays and unintentional fatal drowning among children and adolescents aged 5–17 years. J Paediatr Child Health. 2019;55(5):533–538. doi:10.1111/jpc.14235
  • Barnsley PD, Peden AE. A retrospective, cross-sectional cohort study examining the risk of unintentional fatal drowning during public holidays in Australia. Safety. 2018;4(4):42. doi:10.3390/safety4040042
  • Morgan D, Ozanne-Smith J, Triggs T. Descriptive epidemiology of drowning deaths in a surf beach swimmer and surfer population. Inj Prev. 2008; 14:62–65. doi:10.1136/ip.2006.013508
  • Peden AE, Franklin RC, Leggat PA. The hidden tragedy of rivers: a decade of unintentional fatal drowning in Australia. Plos One. 2016;11(8):e0160709. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160709
  • Local government area profiles 2019 Australian Government. Australian Trade and Investment Commission; 2022 Jan 19.
  • Steensberg J. Epidemiology of accidental drowning in Denmark 1989-1993. Accid Anal Prev. 1998;30(6):755–762. doi:10.1016/S0001-4575(98)00028-1
  • Van Skike CE, Goodlett C, Matthews DB. 2019. Acute alcohol and cognition: remembering what it causes us to forget. Alcohol. 79:105–125. doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.03.006
  • Silva JBS, Cristino ED, Almeida N, Medeiros P, Santos N. Effects of acute alcohol ingestion on eye movements and cognition: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Plos One. 2017;12(10):e0186061. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186061
  • Willcox-Pidgeon S, Peden AE, Franklin RC, Scarr J. 2019. Boating-related drowning in Australia: epidemiology, risk factors and the regulatory environment. J Safety Res. 70:117–125. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2019.06.005
  • Wintemute GJ, Kraus JF, Teret SP, Wright MA. The epidemiology of drowning in adulthood: implications for prevention. Am J Prev Med. 1988;4(6):343–348. doi:10.1016/S0749-3797(18)31144-9
  • Gorniak JM, Jenkins AJ, Felo JA, Balraj E. Drug prevalence in drowning deaths in Cuyahoga County, Ohio: a ten-year retrospective study. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2005;26(3):240–243. doi:10.1097/01.paf.0000176280.74666.ab

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.