What's So Special About Nations?

References

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• 1991 . Secession: The Morality of Political Divorce from Fort Sumter to Lithuania and Quebec Boulder , CO : Westview Press . For a developed account of the right to secede as a remedial right, see Allen Buchanan,.
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• Of course, if one assumed that every nation as such has the right to its own state, then any nation that did not have its own state would be treated unjustly, and then the right to secede could be understood as a remedial right. However, since what is in question is whether every nation as such has a right to its own state, it makes sense to distinguish between the view that nations have a right to independent statehood only as a remedial right in the sense of a right to recover the independent statehood of which it was unjustly deprived or as a remedy against other, independently characterizable injustices (such as genocide) and the view that every nation as such has a right to its own state.
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• Margalit , Avishai and Raz , Joseph . 1990 . ‘National Self-Determination,’ . The Journal of Philosophy , 87 : 439 – 61 .
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• 1989 . Liberalism, Community, and Culture Oxford : Oxford University Press . Kymlicka's view seems to shift between his and the more recent Multicultural Citizenship. In the former he unambiguously asserts that belonging to a culture is necessary for having a meaningful context for choice; in the latter he sometimes says that belonging to a ‘societal’ (institutionally complete) culture is necessary for having a meaningful context for choice. If his considered view is the latter, that only ‘societal’ (institutionally complete) cultures supply the needed context for meaningful choice, then there are two difficulties. First, he must somehow counter the many apparent counterexamples to this sweeping generalization—the many cases, as Waldron notes, in which individuals seem to exist, and to thrive, while partaking of two or more cultures without being full-fledged members of any one ‘societal’ culture. And he must do so without making the notion of a ‘societal culture’ so expansive and accessible that everyone, including the member of a minority nation in the midst of a dominant culture that is not their national culture, is a member of some ‘societal’ culture or other. Second, Kymlicka must show that the ethnic cultures of immigrant groups, which he believes are not ‘societal’ cultures and hence are not capable of providing a meaningful context for choice, still matter so much for individuals that justice requires the various minority rights which he endorses for these groups.
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• Multicultural Citizenship. Most recently Harry Brighouse (‘Against Nationalism,’ this volume) has raised this objection, but in one form or other it has been advanced by a number of authors. See, for example, Kymlicka's discussion of the ‘benign neglect’ view in
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• Kymlicka . Multicultural Citizenship 50 – 1 .
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