35
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
PART IV Some Consequences of Nationalism

Barbarous Nationalism and the Liberal International Order: Reflections on the ‘Is,’ the ‘Ought,’ and the ‘Can’

Pages 439-462 | Published online: 01 Jul 2013

References

  • 1992 . Remembering in Vain: The Klaus Barbie Trial and Crimes Against Humanity New York : Columbia University Press .
  • 1993 . Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity Cambridge , Ma : Harvard University Press . Notwithstanding the general persuasiveness of Liah Greenfeld's contrary position, I shall treat ethnic conflict and nationalism as if they were more or less synonymous. They are not, of course, but they do derive from kindred emotions, representing more or less similar challenges to the international order. It is possible to think of barbarous nationalism as a more evolved form of ethnic conflict. See Liah Greenfeld, 1992), 12. But cf. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Pandaemonium: Ethnicity in International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 197.
  • Pandaemonium Daniel Patrick Moynihan
  • Lukacs , John . 1993 . The End of the Twentieth Century and the End of the Modern Age New York : Ticknor & Fields .
  • Jackson , Robert H. 1990 . Quasi-states: Sovereignty, International Relations and the Third World Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Hoffmann , Stanley . 1995 . ‘The Crisis of Liberal Internationalism,’ . Foreign Policy , 98 : 168
  • Minnogue , Kenneth . 1994 . “ ‘Identity, Self, and Nation,’ in ” . In Integration and Fragmentation: The Paradox of the Late Twentieth Century Edited by: Laforest , Guy and Brown , Douglas . 89 Kingston , ON : Queens University Institute of Intergovernmental Relations .
  • Thurow , Lester . 1987 . ‘A Surge in Inequality,’ . Scientific American , 256 : 30 – 7 . See
  • Clark , Ian . 1989 . The Hierarchy of States: Reform and Resistance in the International Order 73 – 8 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Luttwak , Edward . 1996 . ‘A Post-Heroic Military Policy,’ . Foreign Affairs , 75 : 33 – 44 . See
  • 1981 . Duties Beyond Borders: On the Limits and Possibilities of Ethical International Politics 189 – 90 . Syracuse : Syracuse University Press . Stanley Hoffmann also considers this type of analysis to be applied ethics. He writes: “We all know that no ‘ought’ can be simply and directly derived from an ‘is.’ What we have now tells us how difficult it is to go beyond—indeed, how easily things might get worse. It does not tell us where we ought to go.” Stanley Hoffmann
  • 1992 . Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations, , 2d ed. New York : Basic Books . Cited in Michael Walzer, 88.
  • 1993 . Nationalism Oxford : Blackwell . Cited by Elie Kedourie, in 4th, expanded ed. 128.
  • 1993 . The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism New York : Simon & Schuster . It can, however, also be argued that Nazi racism was more a form of internationalism than of nationalism. See William Pfaff, 70.
  • 1995 . Political Science Quarterly , 10 : 69 – 82 . Usage is taken from Donald Rothchild and Alexander J. Groth, ‘Pathological Dimensions of Domestic and International Ethnicity,’
  • Bell-Fialkoff , Andrew . 1993 . ‘A Brief History of Ethnic Cleansing,’ . Foreign Affairs , 72 : 111 – 12 . (Summer
  • 1996 . New York Review of Books , 43 : 58 – 64 . For a grim recent account of the ongoing slaughter in Burundi see Philip Gourevitch, ‘The Poisoned Country,’
  • Ignatieff , Michael . 1993 . Blood & Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism Toronto : Viking . Press, 14
  • Strauss , Julius . 1996 . “ ‘Mladic a Hero to Bosnian Serbs,’ ” . In Globe and Mail 16 July A8
  • Strauss . ‘Mladic a Hero’
  • Strauss . ‘Mladic a Hero’
  • The Wrath of Nations 229 – 30 . Pfaff
  • The Wrath of Nations Pfaff quotes Isaiah Berlin on the mid-eighteenth century German reaction to the French: “All forms of going to the bitter end were thought more worthy of men than peaceful negotiations stopping half-way; extremism, conflict, war were glorified as such” 34).
  • Rothchild and Groth, ‘Pathological Dimensions,’ 82
  • 1996 . The Globe and Mail For a current account of how Serb leaders continue to defy the NATO leadership in the former Yugoslavia, see Chris Hedges, ‘Latest Tussle in Bosnia Has Familiar Ring,’ in 3 July A10. Hedges describes Radovan Karadzic's transparent manoeuvres to appear to satisfy NATO's conditions, while obviously thumbing his nose at them.
  • Hedges . ‘Latest Tussle in Bosnia’
  • Schwarz , Benjamin . 1995 . ‘The Diversity Myth: America's Leading Export,’ . The Atlantic Monthly , 275 : 57 – 67 .
  • Krauthammer , Charles . 1994 . “ ‘Bob Dole's Bosnia Folly,’ ” . In Time 12 December 80
  • Boyd , Charles G. 1995 . ‘Making Peace with the Guilty,’ . Foreign Affairs , 74 : 23
  • Ganji , Manouchehr . 1962 . International Protection of Human Rights Geneva : Libraire E. Droz . See.
  • Barry , Brian . 1982 . “ ‘Humanity and Justice in Global Perspective,’ ” . In Ethics, Economics and the Law Edited by: Roland Pennock , J. and Chapman , John W. New York : New York University Press . Nomos XXIV 224
  • Reed , Laura W. and Kaysen , Carl , eds. 1993 . Emerging Norms of Justified Intervention Cambridge : American Academy of Arts and Sciences . Lori Fisler Damrosch, ‘Changing Conceptions of Intervention in International Law,’ A Collection of Essays from a Project of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 96. Damrosch is stating her agreement with the views of Tom Farer.
  • Stowell , Ellery C. 1983 . Intervention in International Law 150 Litttleton , CO : Fred B. Rothman & Co. .
  • 1994 . Government and Opposition 248 – 61 . Cf. the rather similar arguments of John Dunn, ‘The Dilemma of Humanitarian Intervention,’
  • Clarke , Walter and Herbst , Jeffrey . 1996 . ‘Somalia and the Future of Humanitarian Intervention,’ . Foreign Affairs , 75 : 71
  • The Wrath of Nations Pfaff, 14
  • Shklar , Judith N. 1989 . “ ‘The Liberalism of Fear,’ in ” . In Liberalism and the Moral Life Edited by: Rosenblum , Nancy L. 27 Cambridge , Ma : Harvard University Press .
  • Deconstructionists and other critical thinkers have a great deal to say about how deconstructing the structures and actors further undercuts the meaning of consent.
  • Brilmayer , Lea . 1994 . American Hegemony: Political Morality in a One-Superpower World 146 New Haven : Yale University Press .
  • Brilmayer . American Hegemony , 164 166
  • 1995 . Foreign Policy , 98 See in particular Stanley Hoffmann, ‘The Crisis of Liberal Internationalism,’ 159–77, ‘In Defense of Mother Teresa: Morality in Foreign Policy,’ Foreign Affairs 75 (1996) 172–5, and ‘The Politics and Ethics of Military Intervention,’ Survival 37 (1995–96), 51.
  • Barber , Benjamin R. 1995 . Jihad vs. McWorld 288 – 92 . New York : Time Books .
  • Held , David . 1993 . “ ‘From City-states to a Cosmopolitan Order?’ ” . In Prospects for Democracy: North, South, East, West Edited by: Held , David . 13 – 52 . Stanford : Stanford University Press .
  • The Wrath of Nations: Civilization and the Furies of Nationalism. Taken from the title of Pfaff's previously cited book, This section relies substantially on Pfaff's account.
  • The Wrath of Nations Pfaff, 39
  • The Wrath of Nations Pfaff, 24
  • Brilmayer , Lea . American Hegemony 194
  • Fisher , Roger . 1969 . International Conflict for Beginners 128 – 50 . New York : Harper & Row .
  • Lea Brilmayer makes what seems to be a parallel argument in her discussion of hegemonic rule, suggesting that the accountability of the hegemony helps bridge the gap between the is and the ought.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.