Footnotes
- Sawer , Marian . 1977 . Marxism and the Question of the Asiatic Mode of Production , 5 – 9 . The Hague : Martinus Nijhoff .
- Marx , Karl . 1973 . Surveys from Exile: Political Writings Volume II , Edited by: Fernbach , David . 304 – 306 . New York : Random House .
- Engels , Frederick . 1942 . The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State , New York : International Publishers .
- Marx , Karl . 1964 . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations , Edited by: Hobsbawm , Eric J. 83 – 83 . New York : International Publishers . (excerpted from the Grundrisse)
- Marx , Karl . 1964 . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations , Edited by: Hobsbawm , Eric J. 83 – 83 . New York : International Publishers .
- Marx , Karl . 1964 . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations , Edited by: Hobsbawm , Eric J. 69 – 70 . New York : International Publishers .
- Marx , Karl . 1964 . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations , Edited by: Hobsbawm , Eric J. 70 – 75 . New York : International Publishers .
- Engels . 50 – 50 . 55
- Engels . 90 – 90 .
- Sawer . 44 – 44 .
- Marx , Karl . 1973 . Grundrisse , 462 – 484 . Middlesex, , England : Penguin Books .
- Mandel . 127 – 128 .
- Marx . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations 139 – 139 . (in supplementary texts)
- Engels . 1251 – 1346 .
- Hirst , Paul Q. and Hindess , Barry . 1977 . Mode of Production and Social Formation , 54 – 57 . London : Mac-Millan Press .
- Hirst , Paul Q. and Hindess , Barry . 1975 . Pre-Capitalist Modes of Production , 242 – 255 . London : Routledge and Kegan .
- Wittfogel , Karl A. 1957 . Oriental Despotism , New Haven and London : Yale University Press .
- Wittfogel , Karl A. 1957 . Oriental Despotism , 101 – 108 . New Haven and London : Yale University Press . This is the general theme throughout the book, but is particularly expressed on
- Mandel . 130 – 130 .
- Much of the material in this section is based on my Ph.D. dissertation Land Tenure and Land Reform: A History of Property and Power in Vietnam University of Maryland 1976 Some major original sources were: Rene Gueffier's Essay on the Land System in Indo-China (New Haven: HumanRelations Area Files, 1955), was first published in 1928.
- Gueffier . 16 – 56 .
- Vu Van Hien . 84 – 84 .
- Vu Van Hien . 114 – 114 .
- For cross-cultural evidence of the importance of the plough in the ascendance of the patriarchal family, see Boserup Esther Women in Economic Development Allen & Un-win London 1970
- Gourou . Peasants of the Tonkin Delta 109 – 109 .
- Gourou . 582 – 584 .
- Marx . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations 70 – 71 .
- Marx . Pre-capitalist Economic Formations 69 – 69 .
- Wiegersma . Land Tenure and Land Reform 21 – 45 .