Diarrhoeal diseases of the calf: Observations on treatment and prevention

References

• Barnum , D. A. , Glantz , P. J. and Moon , H. W. 1967 . Colibacillosis . CI_R V _eterinary Monograph Series/Two , : 5 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Berman , D. T. 1973 . Comments on the Bovine Immune System and Immunoglobulins . J.A.V.M.A. , 163 : 798 – 800 .
   Google Scholar
• Blood , D. C. and Henderson , J. A. 1974 . Diseases Caused by Bacteria-III. Veterinary Medicine , Fourth Edition , 345 – 392 . Baltimore : The Williams and Wilkins Company .
   Google Scholar
• Brambell , F. W. R. 1958 . The Passive Immunity of the Young Animal . Biol. Rev , 33 : 120 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Bush , L. J. , Aguilera , M. A. , Adams , G. D. and Jones , E. W. 1971 . Absorption of Colostral Immunoglobulins by Newborn Dairy Calves . J. Dairy Sci. , 54 : 1547 – 1549 .
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter , C. C. J. 1976 . Treatment of Cholera-Tradition and Authority vs. Science, Reason and Humanity . The Johns Hopkins Medical Journal , 139 : 153 – 162 .
   Google Scholar
• Corley , L. D. , Staley , T. E. , Bush , L. J. and Jones , E. W. 1977 . Influence of Colostrum on Transepithelial Movement of E. coli 055 . J. Dairy Sci. , in press
   Google Scholar
• DuPont , H. L. , Formal , S. B. , Hornick , R. B. , Snyder , M. J. , Libonati , J. P. , Sheahan , D. G. , LaBrec , E. H. and Kalas , J. P. 1971 . Pathogenesis of Escherichia coli Diarrhoea . N. Engl. J. Med , 285 : 1 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuPont , H. L. and Hornick , R. B. 1973 . Clinical Approach to Infectious Diarrhoeas . Medicine , 52 : 265 – 270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira , S. H. , Moncada , S. and Vane , J. R. 1971 . Indomethacin and Aspirin Abolish Prostaglandin Release from the Spleen . Nature (New Biol.) , 231 : 237 – 239 .
   Google Scholar
• Fey , H. 1964 . Pathogenesis of Colibacillary Septicemia in the Calf . Bull. Off. Int. Epiz. , 62 : 627 – 636 .
   Google Scholar
• Fey , H. and Margadant , A. 1962 . Pathogenesis of Coli Septicaemia in Calves IV. Agammaglobulin as Predisposing Factor . Zbl. Vet: Med. , 9 : 653 – 663 .
   Google Scholar
• Finck , A. D. and Katz , R. L. 1972 . Prevention of Cholera-Induced Intestinal Secretion in the Cat by Aspirin . Nature , 238 : 273 – 274 .
   Google Scholar
• Fisher , E. W. , Martinez , A. A. , Trainin , Z. and Meirom , R. 1976 . Studies of Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea IV. Serum and Faecal Immune Globulins in Neonatal Salmonellosis . Br. Vet. J. , 132 : 39 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Gay , C. C. 1971 . Problems of Immunization in the Control of Escherichia coli Infection . Ann. N. Y. Acad Sci. , 176 : 336 – 349 .
   Google Scholar
• Hamm , O. and Hicks , W. J. 1975 . A New Oral Electrolyte in Calf Scours Therapy . VM/SAC , 70 : 279 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• Hirschorn , N. , McCarthy , B. J. , Ranney , B. , Hirschom , M. A. , Woodward , S. T. , Lacapa , A. , Cash , R. A. and Woodward , E. W. 1973 . Ad Libitum-Oral Glucose Electrolyte Therapy for Acute Diarrhoea in Apache Children . J. Pediatr. , 83 : 562 – 571 .
   Google Scholar
• Hubbert , W. T. 1974 . Factors Affecting Survival of the Bovine Fetus and Neonate . Theriogenology , 1 : 15 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Hynie , S. , Raskova , H. , Sechser , T. , Vanecek , J. , Matejovska , D. , Matejovska , V. , Treu , M. and Polak , L. 1974 . Stimulation of Intestinal and Liver Adenyl Cyclase by Enterotoxin from Strain of Escherichia coli Enteropathogenic for Calves . Toxicon , 12 : 173 – 179 .
   Google Scholar
• Ingram , D. G. and Smith , A. N. 1965 . Immunological Responses of Young Animals I. Review of the Literature . Can Vet. J. , 6 : 194 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Jacoby , H. I. and Marshall , C. H. 1972 . Antagonism of Cholera Enterotoxin by Anti-Inflammatory Agents in the Rat . Nature , 235 : 163 – 165 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jones , G. W. and Rutter , J. M. 1972 . Role of the K88 Antigen in the Pathogenesis of Neonatal Diarrhoea Caused by Escherichia coli in Piglets . Infec. Immun. , 6 : 918 – 927 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kashiwazaki , M. and Namioka , S. 1969 . lsO’ Antibody Levels to Escherichia coli in Pigs . Cornell Vet. , 59 : 611 – 621 .
   Google Scholar
• Keefe , T. J. 1977 . Clinical Efficacy of Amoxicillin in Calves with Colibacillosis . VM/SAC , 72 : 783 – 786 . (Proceedings of the International Veterinary Symposium on Amoxicillin, January 18–19, 1977)
   Google Scholar
• Kenworthy , R. and Crabb , W. E. 1963 . The Intestinal Flora of Young Pigs, with Reference to Early Weaning, Escherichia coli and Scours . J. Comp. Path. , 73 : 215 – 228 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimberg , D. V. , Field , M. , Johnson , J. , Hendrickson , A. and Gershon , E. 1971 . Stimulation of Intestinal Mucosal Adenyl Cyclase by Cholera Enterotoxin and Prostaglandins . J. Clin. Invest. , 50 : 1218 – 1230 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klaus , G. G. B. , Bennet , A. and Jones , E. W. 1969 . A Quantitative Study of the Transfer of Colostral Immunoglobulins to the Newborn Calf . Immunology , 16 : 293 – 299 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohier , E. M. Oral Vaccination of Sows with Enteropathogenic E coli Results in 1975 . Proceedings, American Association of Swine Practitioners .
   Google Scholar
• Logan , E. F. and Penhale , W. J. 1972 . Studies on the Immunity of the Calf to Colibacillosis. V. The Experimental Reproduction of Enteric Colibacillosis . Vet. Rec. , 91 : 419 – 423 .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. 1968 . Prenatal and Postnatal Mortality in Cattle . National Academy of Science. Pub. No. 1685, , : 1 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Mebus , C. A. , Stair , E. L. , Underdahl , N. R. and Twiehaus , M. J. 1971 . Pathology of Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Induced by a Reo-Like Virus . Vet. Path , 8 : 490 – 505 .
   Google Scholar
• Moon , H. W. 1974 . Pathogenesis of Enteric Diseases Caused by Escherichia coli . Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med , 18 : 179 – 211 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Myers , L. L. 1976 . Vaccination of Cows with an Escherichia coli Bacterin for the Prevention of Naturally Occurring Diarrhoeal Disease in their Calves . Am. J. Vet. Res. , 37 : 831 – 834 .
   Google Scholar
• Osburn , B. I. 1973 . Immune Responsiveness of the Fetusand Neonate . J.A.V.M.A. , 163 : 801 – 803 .
   Google Scholar
• Palmer , N. C and Hulland , T. J. 1965 . Factors Predisposing to the Development of Coliform Gastroenteritis in Weaned Pigs . Can. Vet. J. , 6 : 310 – 316 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pankhurst , J. W. 1976 . Trials with a New Gram-Negative Antibiotic for Enteric Disease in Calves . Vet. Rec , 99 : 107 – 107 .
   Google Scholar
• Payne , L. C. and Marsh , C. L. 1962 . Gamma Globulin Absorption in the Baby Pig. The Nonselective Absorption of Heterologous Globulins and Factors Influencing Absorption Time . J. Nut. , 76 : 151 – 158 .
   Google Scholar
• Penhale , W. J. , Christie , G. , McEwan , A. D. , Fisher , E. W. and Selman , I. E. 1970 . Quantitative Studies on Bovine Immunoglobulins. II. Plasma Immunoglobulin Levels in Market Calves and Their Relationship to Neonatal Infection . Br. Vet. J. , 126 : 30 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Phillips , S. F. 1972 . Diarrhoea: A Current View of the Pathophysiology . Gastroenterology , 63 : 495 – 518 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce , A. E. and Smith , M. W. 1967 . The Intestinal Absorption of Pig and Bovine Immune Lactoglobulin and Human Serum Albumin by the Newborn Pig . J. Physiol. , 190 : 1 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , P. 1973 . Functional Heterogeneity of the Bovine Immune System . J.A.V.M.A. , 163 : 789 – 794 .
   Google Scholar
• Raskova , H. , Sechser , T. , Vanecek , J. , Polak , L. , Treu , M. , Muzik , J. , Sklemar , V. , Rabas , P. , Raska , K. , Matejovska , D. and Matejovska , V. 1976 . Neonatal Escherichia coli Infections in Calves. I. Appraisal of Rehydration . Zbl. Vet. Med. (B) , 23 : 131 – 142 .
   Google Scholar
• Robinson , N. E. , Newman , L. E. and Morrow , D. A. 1974 . Fluid Therapy in Diarrhoea of Calves . J. Okla. Stale Med. Assoc. , 26 : 50 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Rutter , J. M. and Anderson , J. C. 1972 . Experimental Neonatal Diarrhoea Caused by an Enteropathogenic Strain of Escherichia coli: A Study of the Disease and the Effect of Vaccinating the Dam . J. Vet. Microbiol. , 5 : 197 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Schultz , R. D. 1973 . Comments on the Immune Response of the Fetus and Neonate . J.A.V.M.A. , 163 : 804 – 806 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , H. W. 1965 . Observations on the Flora of the Alimentary Tract of Animals and Factors Affecting its Composition . J. Pathol , 89 : 95 – 122 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , H. W. 1971 . The Bacteriology of the Alimentary Tract of Domestic Animals Suffering from E. coli Infection . Ann. N. Y. Acad Set , 176 : 110 – 125 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , H. W. 1972 . The Production of Diarrhoea in Baby Rabbits by the Oral Administration of Cell-Free Preparation of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholera: The Effect of Antisera . J. Med. Microbiol , 5 : 299 – 303 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , H. W. and Halls , S. 1968 . The Production of Oedema Disease and Diarrhoea in Weaned Pigs by the Oral Administration of Escherichia coli: Factors that Influence the Course of the Experimental Disease . J. Med. Microbiol , 1 : 45 – 49 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , J. B. and Willis , A. L. 1971 . Aspirin Selectively Inhibits Prostaglandin Production in Human Platelets . Nature (New Biol) , 231 : 235 – 237 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Soergel , K. H. 1973 . New Concepts of Intestinal Function . Hepatogaslroenterol , 20 : 351 – 358 .
   Google Scholar
• Staley , T. E. , Corley , L. D. , Bush , L. J. and Jones , E. W. 1972 . The Ultra-structure of Neonatal Calf Intestine and Absorption of Heterologous Proteins . A rial. Rec , 172 : 559 – 579 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Storz , J. , Kollier , J. R. , Eugster , A. K. and Alter , K. P. 1971 . Intestinal Bacterial Changes in Chlamydia-Induced Primary Enteritis in Newborn Calves . Ann. N. Y. Acad Sci. , 176 : 162 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Tennant , B. , Harrold , D. and Reina-Guerra , M. 1972 . Physiologic and Metabolic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Neonatal Enteric Infections in Calves . J.A.V.M.A. , 161 : 993 – 1007 .
   Google Scholar
• Vane , J. R. 1971 . Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action for Aspirin-like Drugs . Nature (New Biol) , 231 : 232 – 235 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vollmar , R. E. 1974 . Diarrhoea Control in a Dairy Operation . Mod Vet. Pract. , 55 : 509 – 512 .
   Google Scholar
• White , R. G. Scours-The Calf Killer . Presented at the California Livestock Symposium . An. Nut. Health , pp. 14 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Whitten , E. H. and Phillips , R. W. 1971 . In vitro Intestinal Exchanges of Na+, K + , C1−, 3H2O in Experimental Bovine Neonatal Enteritis . Am. J. Dig. Dis. , 16 : 891 – 902 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , R. A. and Jutila , J. W. 1976 . Experimental Neonatal Colibacillosis in Cows: Serological Studies . Infec. Immun. , 13 : 92 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Yeoman , Guy H. 1977 . Amoxicillin: Experimentally Induced Infection Studies in Calves and Pigs . VM/SAC , 72 : 760 – 766 . (Proceedings of the International Veterinary Symposium on Amoxicillin, January 18–19, 1977.)
   Google Scholar
• Ziv , G. 1976 . Clinical Pharmacology of Oxolinic Acid in Young Dairy Calves . Am. J. Vet. Res. , 37 ( 5 ) : 513 – 516 .
   Google Scholar