Protection of cattle against natural challenge with Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo using a hardjo-pomona vaccine

References

• Christmas , B. W. , Tennent , R. B. , Philip , N. A. and Lindsay , P. G. 1974 . Dairy farm fever in New Zealand: A local outbreak of human leptospirosis . N.Z.med.J. , 79 : 901 – 904 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole , J. R. , Sulzer , C. R. and Pursell , A. R. 1973 . Improved microtechnique for the leptospiral microscopic agglutination test . Appl. Microbiol. , 25 : 276 – 280 .
   Google Scholar
• Crawford , R. P. 1972 . Molecular characteristcs of antibody detected by the microscopic agglutination test in serum of guinea pigs with leptospirosis . Am. J. vel. Res. , 33 : 1507 – 1512 .
   Google Scholar
• 1977 . European Pharmacopiae , III ( Supplement ) : 51 – 51 . 159, 162
   Google Scholar
• Heath , K. R. and Box , P. G. 1965 . Immunity to leptospirosis antibodies in vaccinated and infected dogs . J.comp.Palh. , 75 : 127 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Hellstrom , J. S. 1978 . Studies on some aspects of the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis , Palmerston North, , New Zealand : Massey University . Ph.D. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Hoag , W.G. and Bell , W. B. 1955 . An immunogenic agent for the protection of cattle against Leptospira pomona . Am J. vel. Res. , 16 : 381 – 385 .
   Google Scholar
• Huhn , R. G. , Claus , K. D. and Machaek , M. E. 1970 . Vaccination of cattle with Leptospira pomona bacterins. II. Potency assays using the hamster passive protection test . Proceedings of the 74th Annual Meeting of the USAH Assoc , : 178 – 196 .
   Google Scholar
• Huhn , R. G. , Hanson , L. E. , Killinger , A. H. and Cardella , M. A. 1975 . Immunity to leptospirosis: Leptospira interrogans serotype pomona bacterins in cattle . Am. J. vel. Res. , 36 : 59 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , R. C and Harris , V. G. 1967 . Differentiation of pathogenic and parasitic leptospires. I. Growth at low temperatures . J. Bact. , 94 : 27 – 31 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Killinger , A. H. , Hanson , L. E. , Mansfield , M. E. and Reynolds , H. A. 1970 . Vaccination of cattle with leptospiral bacterins. I. Serologic and cultural results of leptospiral challenge . Proceedings of the 74th Annual Meeting of the USA H Assoc , : 165 – 177 .
   Google Scholar
• Morris , J. A. and Hussaini , S. N. 1974 . Characterization of the antibodies detected by the microscopic agglutination test for bovine leptospirosis . J. Hyg. (Camb.) , 73 : 425 – 432 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Negi , S. K. , Myers , W. L. and Segre , D. 1971 . Antibody response of cattle to Leptospira pomona. Responses as measured by haemagglutination. microscopic agglutination and hamster protection tests . Am. J. vel. Res. , 32 : 1915 – 1920 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philips , C. E. 1958 . Leptospira vaccine evaluation . Vet.Med. , 53 : 301 – 307 .
   Google Scholar
• Shenberg , E. 1967 . Growth of pathogenic leptospira in chemically defined media . J. Bad. , 93 : 1958 – 1606 .
   Google Scholar
• Tripathy , D. N. , Smith , A. R. and Hanson , L. E. 1975 . Immunoglobulins in cattle vaccinated with leptospiral bacterins . Am.J.vel.Res. , 36 : 1735 – 1736 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathy , D.N. , Hanson , L. E. and Mansfield , M. E. 1976 . Evaluation of the immune response of cattle to leptospiral bacterins . Am.J.vel.Res. , 37 : 51 – 55 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uhr , J. W. and Finkelstein , M. S. 1963 . Antibody Formation. IV. Formation of rapidly and slowly sedimenting antibodies and immunological memory to bac-teriophage Ø × 174 . J.exp.Med. , 117 : 457 – 477 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Stales Department of Agriculture . 1970 . Standard Requirement B-20; Standard Requirement for Leptospira pomona Bacterin , Washington D.C. : Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. U.S.D.A. .
   Google Scholar
• United States Department of Agriculture . 1975 . Internal Reference Guide for Potency Assay of Leptospira hardjo Containing Bacterins, (1RG-0.02) USDA , Ames. Iowa : Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services .
   Google Scholar
• York , C. J. 1957 . Immunology and prophylaxis of leptospirosis . Vet.Med. , 53 : 563 – 570 .
   Google Scholar