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Scientific Article

Routes and doses of lignocaine hydrochloride for analgesia of the velvet antler of stags

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Pages 167-174 | Accepted 14 Oct 1999, Published online: 22 Feb 2011

References

  • Adams , JL . 1979 . Innervation and blood supply of the antler pedicle of the red deer . New Zealand veterinary Journal , 27 : 200 – 201 .
  • Anon . 1992 . Code of Recommendations and Minimum Standards for the Welfare of Deer During the Removal of Antlers Wellington : Code of Animal Welfare No. 5. Animal Welfare Advisory Committee, .
  • Denholm , LJ . 1979 . Veterinary aspects of antlergenesis and co:mmercial velvet antler production. Deer Refresher Course. Proc. No 72 . Postgraduate Committee in veterinary Science, Sydney University , : 254 – 279 .
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  • Matthews , LR , Ingram , J , Cook , C , Bremner , K and and Curtin , P . 1992 . “ Induction and assessment of velvet analgesia ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for veterinarians No 9 Edited by: PR , Wilson . 69 – 76 .
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  • Pollard , JC , Littlejohn , RP , Cassidy , AM and Suttie , JM . 1993 . “ The duration of behavioural effects of velvet antler removal ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course forveterinarians No 10 Edited by: P R , Wilson . 9 – 15 .
  • Petrie , N , Mellor , DJ , Stafford , KJ , Bruce , RA and Ward , RM . 1996 . Cortisol responses of calves to two methods of disbudding used with or without local anaesthetic . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 44 : 9 – 14 .
  • Sylvester , SP , Mellor , DJ , Stafford , KJ , Bruce , RA and Ward , RN . 1998 . Acute cortisol responses of calves to scoop de-horning using local anaesthesia and/or cautery of the wound . Australian Veterinary Journal , 76 : 118 – 122 .
  • PR , Wilson , ed. 1981 . “ Hints and guidelines on velveting ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Seminar for veterinarians 214 – 219 . NZVA : IDeer Advisory Panel, .
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