666
Views
45
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Trace element metabolism, dietary requirements, diagnosis and prevention of deficiencies in deer

&
Pages 252-259 | Accepted 20 Oct 2002, Published online: 22 Feb 2011

References

  • Audigé , LJM , Wilson , PR , Morris , RS and Davidson , GW . 1995 . Osteochondrosis, skeletal abnormalities and enzootic ataxia associated with copper deficiency in a farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) herd . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 43 : 70 – 76 .
  • Barry , TN , Molan , AL , Wilson , PR , Lopez-Villalobos , N , Schreurs , N and Duncan , AJ . 2001 . “ Chicory as an alternative forage for deer health ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 18, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 122 – 127 .
  • Barry , TN , Hoskin , SO and Wilson , PR . 2002 . Novel forages for growth and health in farmed deer . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 50 : 244 – 251 .
  • Beatson , NS , Campbell , AC , Judson , HG , Pfeiffer , DU and Wilson , PR . 1999 . “ Deer Master report to the NZ deer industry, February 1999 ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 16, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 91 – 108 .
  • Booth , DH , Wilson , PR and Alexander , R . 1989 . The effect of oral oxidised copper wire on liver copper in farmed red deer . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 37 : 98 – 101 .
  • Boyne , R and Arthur , JR . 1981 . Effect of selenium and copper deficiency on neutrophil function in cattle . Journal of Comparative Pathology , 97 : 271 – 276 .
  • Clark , RG , Burbage , J , Marshall , P McD , Valler , T and Wallace , D . 1986 . Absence of a Vitamin B12 weight gain response in two trials with growing red deer (Cervus elaphus) . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 34 : 199 – 201 .
  • Ellison , RS . 1995 . “ Trace elements in deer ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 12, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 57 – 68 .
  • Fell , BF , Mills , CF and Boyne , R . 1965 . Cytochrome oxidase deficiency in the motor neurones of copper-deficient lambs: a histochemical study . Research in Veterinary Science , 41 : 417 – 419 .
  • Finch , JM and Turner , RJ . 1986 . Selenium supplementation in lambs: effects on antibody responses to a salmonella vaccine . Veterinary Record , 119 : 430 – 431 .
  • Frieden , E . 1971 . Caeruloplasmin, a link between copper an iron metabolism . Advances in Chemistry , 100 : 292 – 321 .
  • Grace , ND . 1994 . Managing Trace Element Deficiencies
  • Grace , ND . 1999 . “ Soils, pastures and trace elements in deer ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 16, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 69 – 79 .
  • Grace , ND and Sinclair , GR . 1999 . Growth response in lambs injected with a long acting microencapsulated vitamin B12 . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 47 : 213 – 214 .
  • Grace , ND , Rounce , JR and Lee , J . 1996 . Effect of soil ingestion on the storage of Se, vitamin B12, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mn and Zn in the liver of sheep fed lucerne pellets . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 39 : 325 – 331 .
  • Grace , ND , Wilson , PR , Thomas , WJ and Marchant , RM . 2000 . The effect of long-acting injectable selenium formulations on blood and liver selenium concentrations and liveweights of red deer (Cervus elaphus) . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 48 : 53 – 56 .
  • Grace , ND , Knowles , SO and Sinclair , GR . 2001a . Effect of premating iodine supplementation of ewes fed pasture or a brassica crop prelambing on the incidence of goitre in new born lambs . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production , 61 : 164 – 167 .
  • Grace , ND , Wilson , PR and Thomas , WJ . 2001b . “ Effect of topdressing with copper on the copper status of young red deer (Cervus elaphus) ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 18, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 117 – 121 .
  • Grodsky , GM . 1979 . “ Chemistry and functions of hormones. 1. Thyroid, pancreas, adrenal and gastrointestinal tract ” . In Review of Physiological Chemistry , Edited by: Harper , HA , Rodwell , VW and Mayes , PA . 511 – 555 . California : Lange Medical Publications .
  • Harrison , TJ , Sykes , AR and Familton , AS . 1989 . Efficacy of Coprin in deer and sheep: an evaluation and comparative study . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society for Animal Production , 49 : 11 – 14 .
  • Harrison , TL and Familton , AS . 1992 . “ Evaluation of “Copacaps” in deer ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 9, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 163 – 169 .
  • Kennedy , DG , Blanchflower , JW , Scott , JM , Weir , DG , Molloy , AM , Kennedy , S and Young , PB . 1992 . Cobalt-vitamin B12 deficiency decreases methionine synthase activity and phospholipid methylation to sheep . Journal of Nutrition , 122 : 1384 – 1390 .
  • Knowles , SO , Grace , ND , Lee , J and West , DM . 2000 . “ Impact of Cu x Mo interaction on the Cu status of grazing cattle and sheep ” . In Trace Element Update , 66 – 81 . Palmerston North : Foundation for Continuing Education of New Zealand Veterinary Association .
  • Mackintosh , CG , Orr , MB and Turner , K . 1986a . “ Enzootic ataxia in Wapiti ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 3, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 165 – 169 .
  • Mackintosh , CG , Wilson , PR , Beatson , NS , Turner , K and Johnstone , P . 1986b . “ Preliminary report of the liver: serum copper relationship in red deer ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 3, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 156 – 164 .
  • Mackintosh , CG , Gill , J and Turner , K . 1989 . Selenium supplementation in young red deer (Cervus elaphus) . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 48 : 53 – 56 .
  • McMurray , CH and Rice , DA . 1982 . Vitamin E and selenium deficiency diseases . Irish Veterinary Journal , 36 : 57 – 67 .
  • Newton , GL , Barrick , ER , Harvey , RW and Wise , MB . 1974 . Iodine toxicity, physiological effects of elevated dietary iodine on calves . Journal of Animal Science , 38 : 449 – 455 .
  • Phillippo , M . 1983 . “ The role of dose-response trials in predicting trace element deficiency disorder ” . In Trace Elements in Animal Production and Veterinary Practice , Edited by: Suttle , NF , Gunn , RG , Allen , WM , Linklater , KA and Weiner , G . 51 – 59 . Edinburgh : Occasional Publication 7, British Society of Animal Production .
  • Reid , TC , McAllum , H and Johnstone , PD . 1980 . Liver copper concentrations in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wapiti (Cervus canadensis) in New Zealand . Research in Veterinary Science , 28 : 261 – 262 .
  • Rice , DA , McLoughin , M , Blanchflower , WJ , McMurray , CH and Goodall , EA . 1989 . Sequential changes in plasma methylmalonic acid and vitamin B12 in sheep eating cobalt-deficient grass . Biological Trace Element Research , 22 : 153 – 164 .
  • Rucker , PB , Parker , HE and Rolger , JC . 1969 . Effect of copper deficiency on chick bone collagen and selected bone enzymes . Journal of Nutrition , 98 : 57 – 63 .
  • Somers , M and Gawthorne , JM . 1969 . The effect of dietary cobalt intake on plasma vitamin B12 concentration of sheep . Australian Journal of Agricultural Research , 38 : 1071 – 1082 .
  • Suttle , NF . 1983 . Effects of molybdenum concentration in fresh herbage, hay and semi-purified diets on the copper metabolism of sheep . Journal of Agricultural Science , 100 : 651 – 656 .
  • Suttle , NF and Jones , DG . 1986 . Copper and disease resistance in sheep: a rare natural confirmation of interaction between a specific nutrient and infection . Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , 45 : 317 – 325 .
  • Suttle , NF , Alloway , BJ and Thornton , I . 1975 . An effect of soil ingestion on the utilization of dietary copper by sheep . Journal of Agricultural Science , 84 : 249 – 254 .
  • Thompson , KG , Audigé , L , Arthur , DG , Julian , AF , Orr , MJ , McSporran , KD and Wilson , PR . 1994 . Osteochondrosis associated with copper deficiency in young farmed red deer and wapiti x red hybrids . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 42 : 137 – 143 .
  • Towers , NR , Gravett , I , Smith , JF , Smeaton , DC and Knight , TW . 1983 . “ Guidelines for production response trials ” . In The Mineral Requirements of Grazing Ruminants , Edited by: Grace , ND . 142 – 150 . Palmerston North : Occasional Publication No. 9, New Zealand Society of Animal Production .
  • Tremain-Boon , S , Hart , GC , Wilson , PR and Lopez-Villalobos , N . 2001 . “ Liver trace elements in farmed and feral deer ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 18, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 136 – 142 .
  • Tremain-Boon , S , Hart , GC , Wilson , PR and Lopez-Villalobos , N . 2002 . Liver copper, selenium and vitamin B12 concentrations in farmed and feral red deer (Cervus elaphus) . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 50 : 111 – 114 .
  • Walker , IH , Fraser , R , Mason , A and Wilson , PR . 1997 . “ Trace element observations from commercial deer farms: Richmond-Wrightson Deer Performance Project data ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 14, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 219 – 227 .
  • Watkins , BE , Ullrey , DE , Nachreiner , RF and Schmidt , SM . 1983 . Effects of supplemented iodine and season on thyroid activity of white-tailed deer . Journal of Wildlife Management , 47 : 45 – 58 .
  • Wilson , PR . 1989 . Body weight and serum copper concentrations of farmed red deer stags following oral copper-oxide wire administration . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 37 : 94 – 97 .
  • Wilson , PR and Audigé , LJM . 1998 . “ Serum copper levels and supplementation: season and farm variation ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 15, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 189 – 205 .
  • Wilson , PR and Grace , ND . 2001 . A review of tissue reference values used to assess the trace element status of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 49 : 126 – 132 .
  • Wilson , PR and Grace , ND . 2002 . Practical considerations for diagnosis and management of copper status of deer . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society for Animal Production , 62 : 315 – 318 .
  • Wilson , PR , Orr , MB and Key , EL . 1979 . Enzootic ataxia in red deer . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 27 : 252 – 254 .
  • Wilson , PR , Bell , M and Walker , IH . 2002 . “ Iodine calf survival ” . In Proceedings of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, No. 19, Deer Branch of the New Zealand Veterinary Association 105 – 112 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.