An assessment of the agreement between the New Zealand Veterinary Association Hip Dysplasia Scoring System and the PennHIP distraction index in German Shepherd dogs

References

• Adams , WM , Dueland , RT , Meinen , J , O'Brien , RT , Giuliano , E and Nordheim . 1998 . Early detection of canine hip dysplasia: Comparison of two palpation and five radiographic methods . Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association , 34 : 339 – 347 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bliss , S , Todhunter , RJ , Quaas , R , Casella , G , Wu , R , Lust , G , Williams , AJ , Hamilton , S , Dykes , NL , Yeager , A , Gilbert , RO , Burton-Wurster , NI and Acland , GM . 2002 . Quantitative genetics of traits associated with hip dysplasia in a canine pedigree constructed by mating dysplastic Labrador Retrievers with unaffected Greyhounds . American Journal of Veterinary Research , 63 : 1029 – 1035 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burbidge , HM . 2003 . Changes proposed for inherited disorder control schemes . VetScript , XVI ( 7 ) : 28 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , JL , Tomlinson , JL and Constantinescu , GM . 1996 . Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of canine hip dysplasia . Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian , 18 : 853 – 866 .
   Google Scholar
• Corley , EA and Hogan , PM . 1985 . Trends in hip dysplasia control: Analysis of radiographs submitted to the Orthopaedic Foundation for Animals, 1974–1984 . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 187 : 805 – 809 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corley , EA , Keller , GG , Lattimer , JC and Ellersieck , MR . 1997 . Reliability of early radiographic evaluation for canine hip dysplasia obtained from the standard ventrodorsal radiographic projection . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 211 : 1142 – 1146 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Culp , WTN , Kapatkin , AS , Gregor , TP , Powers , MY , McKelvie , PJ and Smith , GK . 2006 . Evaluation of the Norberg Angle and Distraction Index as measures of coxofemoral degenerative joint disease susceptibility in seven breeds of dogs . Veterinary Surgery , 35 : 453 – 459 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fluckiger , MA , Friedrich , GA and Binder , H . 1999 . A radiographic stress technique for evaluation of coxofemoral joint laxity in dogs . Veterinary Surgery , 28 : 1 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginja , MMD , Ginzalo-Orden , JM , Melo-Pinto , P , Bulas-Cruz , J , Orden , MA , San Roman , F , Llorens-Pena , MP and Ferreira , AJA . 2008 a . Early hip laxity examination in predicting moderate and severe hip dysplasia in Estrela mountain dogs . Journal of Small Animal Practice , 49 : 641 – 646 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ginja , MMD , Silvestre , AM , Ferreira , AJA , Ginzalo-Orden , JM , Orden , MA , Melo-Pinto , P , Llorens-Pena , MP and Colaco , J . 2008 b . Passive hip laxity in Estrela mountain dog — Distraction index, heritability and breeding values . Acta Veterinaria Hungarica , 56 : 303 – 312 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedhammer , A , Olsson , SE , Andersson , SA , Persson , L , Pettersson , L , Olausson , A and Sundgren , PE . 1979 . Canine hip dysplasia: a study of heritability in 401 litters of German Shepherd Dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 174 : 1012 – 1016 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henricson , B , Norberg , I and Olsson , SE . 1966 . On the aetiology and pathogenesis of hip dysplasia: A comparative review . Journal of Small Animal Practice , 7 : 673 – 687 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kapatkin , AS , Gregor , TP , Heaton , K , Richardson , RW , McKelvie , PJ , Fordyce , HH and Smith , GK . 2004 . Comparison of two radiographic techniques for evaluation of hip joint laxity in 10 breeds of dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 224 : 542 – 546 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kealy , RD , Lawler , DF , Ballam , JM , Lut , G , Smith , GK , Biery , DN and Olsson , SE . 1997 . Five-year longitudinal study of limited food consumption and development of osteoarthritis in coxofemoral joints of dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 210 : 222 – 225 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawson , DD . 1963 . The radiographic diagnosis of hip dysplasia in the dog . Veterinary Record , 75 : 445 – 456 .
   Google Scholar
• Leighton , EA , Linn , JM , William , RL and Castleberry , MW . 1977 . A genetic study of canine hip dysplasia . American Journal of Veterinary Research , 38 : 241 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lust , G , Todhunter , RJ , Erb , HN , Dykes , NL , Williams , AJ , Burton-Wurster , NI and Farese , JP . 2001 . Comparison of three radiographic methods for diagnosis of hip dysplasia in eight-month-old dogs . Journal of the Veterinary Medical Association , 219 : 1242 – 1246 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohlerth , S , Busato , A , Rauch , M , Weber , U and Lang , J . 2003 . Comparison of three distraction methods and conventional radiography for early diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia . Journal of Small Animal Practice , 44 : 524 – 529 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paster , ER , LaFond , E , Biery , DN , Iriye , A , Gregor , TP , Shofer , FS and Smith , GK . 2005 . Estimates of prevalence of hip dysplasia in Golden Retrievers and Rottweilers and the influence of bias on published prevalence figures . Journal of the Veterinary Medical Association , 226 : 387 – 392 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popovitch , CA , Smith , GK , Gregor , TP and Shofer , FS . 1995 . Comparison of susceptibility for hip dysplasia between Rottweilers and German Shepherd Dogs . Journal of the Veterinary Medical Association , 206 : 648 – 650 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith , GK . 1997 . Advances in diagnosing canine hip dysplasia . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 210 : 1451 – 1457 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , GK , Biery , DN and Gregor , TP . 1990 . New concepts of coxofemoral joint stability and the development of a clinical stress-radiographic method for quantitating hip joint laxity in the dog . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 196 : 59 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , GK , Gregor , TP , Rhodes , WH and Biery , DN . 1993 . Coxofemoral joint laxity from distraction radiography and its contemporaneous and prospective correlation with laxity, subjective score and evidence of degenerative joint disease from conventional hip-extended radiography . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 54 : 1021 – 1042 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , GK , Popovitch , CA and Gregor , TP . 1995 . Evaluation of factors contributing to the risk of developing degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 206 : 642 – 647 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , GK , Mayhew , PD , Kapatkin , AS , McKelvie , PJ and Shofer , FS . 2001 . Evaluation of risk factors for degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, and Rottweilers . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 219 : 1719 – 1724 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , GK , Paster , ER , Powers , MY , Lawler , DF , Biery , DN , Shofer , FS , McKelvie , PJ and Kealy , RD . 2006 . Lifelong diet restriction and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 229 : 690 – 693 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Todhunter , RJ and Lust , G . 2003 . “ Hip dysplasia: Pathogenesis ” . In Textbook of Small Animal Surgery , 3rd Edtn , Edited by: Slatter , D . 2009 – 2019 . PA, , USA : Saunders . In
   Google Scholar