An outbreak of toe ulcers, sole ulcers and white line disease in a group of dairy heifers immediately after calving

References

• Alawneh , J I , Laven , R A and Stevenson , M A . 2011a . The impact of lameness on the fertility of dairy cattle in a seasonally breeding pasture-based system . Journal of Dairy Science , doi:10.3168/jds.2011–4395
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Alawneh , J I , Stevenson , M A and Williamson , N . The effects of liveweight loss and high milk production on the risk of lameness in a seasonally calving, pasture fed dairy herd . Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Lameness in Ruminants . pp. B12 – 1 . Rotorua , New Zealand 2011 b
   Google Scholar
• Chesterton , R N , Laven , R A and Lawrence , K R . 2008 . A descriptive analysis of the foot lesions identified during veterinary treatment for lameness on dairy farms in north Taranaki . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 56 : 130 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Silva , L AF , Franco , L G , Atayde , I B , Da Cunha , P HJ , De Moura , M I and Goulart , D S . 2010 . Effect of biotin supplementation on claw horn growth in young, clinically healthy cattle . Canadian Veterinary Journal , 51 : 607 – 10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Greenough , P R. 2007 . “ The laminitis syndrome ” . In Bovine Laminitis and Lameness , 36 – 54 . Philadelphia , , USA : Elsevier Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• *Greenough , P R and Vermunt , J J . In search of an epidemiologic approach to investigating bovine lameness problems cows . Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Disorders of the Ruminant Digit . pp. 186– – 96 . Banff , Canada 1994
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , N , Craggs , L , Hobson , N and Krogh , C . 2006 . Softening of cattle hoof soles and swelling of heel horn by environmental agents . Food and Chemical Toxicology , 44 : 1223 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higuchi , H , Kurumado , H , Mori , M , Degawa , A , Fujisawa , H , Kuwano , A and Nagahata , H . 2009 . Effects of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide on physical and biochemical properties of the claw horn of Holstein cows . Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research , 73 : 15 – 20 . *Non-peer-reviewed
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly , E F and Leaver , J D . 1990 . Lameness in dairy cattle and the type of concentrate given . Animal Production , 51 : 221 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Laven , R A and Holmes , C W . 2008 . A review of the potential impact of increased use of housing on the health and welfare of dairy cattle in New Zealand . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 56 : 151 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laven , R A and Lawrence , K R . 2006 . An evaluation of the seasonality of veterinary treatments for lameness in UK dairy cattle . Journal of Dairy Science , 89 : 3858 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laven , R A , Lawrence , K E , Weston , J F , Dowson , K R and Stafford , K J . 2008 . Assessment of the duration of the pain response associated with lameness in dairy cows and the influence of treatment . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 56 : 210 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Laven , L J , Laven , R A , Lopez-Villalobos , N , Parkinson , T J and Margerison , J K . Measurement of distance to distal phalanx using a portable ultrasound machine: A longitudinal study . Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Lameness in Ruminants . pp. C11 – 1 . Rotorua , New Zealand 2011
   Google Scholar
• Laven , L J , Margerison , J K and Laven , R A . doi: 10.1080/00480169.2011.644215, 2012 . Validation of a portable ultrasound asamethod of estimating sole thickness in dairy cattle in New Zealand . NewZealand Veterinary Journal ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence , K E , Chesterton , R N and Laven , R A . 2011 . Further investigation of lameness in cows at pasture: An analysis of the lesions found in, and some possible risk factors associated with, lame New Zealand dairy cattle requiring veterinary treatment . Journal of Dairy Science , 94 : 2794 – 805 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livesey , C T and Fleming , F L . 1984 . Nutritional influences on laminitis, sole ulcer and bruised sole in Friesian cows . Veterinary Record , 114 : 510 – 2 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *McDaniel , B T. Management and housing factors affecting feet and leg soundness in dairy cattle . Proceedings of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners . Vol. 14 , pp. 41 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• *McDonald , K and Roche , J . 2004 . Condition scoring made easy , Hamilton , , New Zealand : Dexcel Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Sanders , A H , Shearer , J K and De Vries , A . 2009 . Seasonal incidence of lameness and risk factors associated with thin soles, white line disease, ulcers, and sole punctures in dairy cattle . Journal of Dairy Science , 92 : 3165 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stafford , K J and Gregory , N G . 2008 . Implications of intensification of pastoral animal production on animal welfare . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 56 : 274 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson , D J , Mülling , C H and Fakler , T. M . 2004 . Formation of keratins in the bovine claw: Roles of hormones, minerals, and vitamins in functional claw integrity . Journal of Dairy Science , 87 : 797 – 809 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Toussaint , E. Raven . 1985 . “ Structure and functions ” . In Cattle footcare and claw trimming , 13 – 34 . Ipswich , , UK : Farming Press Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Tranter , W P and Morris , R S . 1992 . Hoof growth and wear in pasture-fed dairy cattle . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 40 : 89 – 96 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Amstel , S R , Palin , F L , Rorhbach , B W and Shearer , J K . 2003 . Ultrasound measurement of sole horn thickness in trimmed claws of dairy cows . Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association , 223 : 492 – 494 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Amstel , S R , Shearer , J K and Palin , F L . 2004 . Moisture content, thickness, and lesions of sole horn associated with thin soles in dairy cattle . Journal of Dairy Science , 87 : 757 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Weaver , A D , St. Jean , G , Jean , G and Steiner , A . 2005 . “ Lameness ” . In Bovine surgery and lameness. , 2nd Edtn , Edited by: Weaver , A D , St. Jean , G and Steiner , A . 198 – 258 . Oxford , , UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Westwood , C T , Bramley , E and Lean , I J . 2003 . Review of the relationship between nutrition and lameness in pasture-fed dairy cattle . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 51 : 208 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar