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Original Articles

Feminine rhetoric and the epistolary tradition: The Boniface correspondence

Pages 229-246 | Published online: 12 Jul 2010

Notes

  • Fell , C. 1984 . Women in Anglo‐Saxon England , London : British Museum Publications . provides a comprehensive account of the history of Anglo‐Saxon women
  • Krapp , G. P. and Dobbie , E. V. K. 1931–1942 . Anglo‐Saxon Poetic Records , 6 Volumes , New York : Columbia University Press . Genesis A, 185. All quotations of Old English poetry, except where otherwise noted, are from
  • Biggs , F. 1985 . “Englum Gelice: Elene Line 1320 and Genesis A Line 185,” . Neuphilologische Mitteilungen , 86 : 447 – 52 . For a discussion of this motif, see
  • Renoir , A. 1990 . “Eve's I.Q. Rating, Two Sexist Views of Genesis B ” . In New Readings of Women in Anglo‐Saxon England, , Edited by: Damico , H. and Olsen , A. H. 262 – 272 . Bloomington : Indiana University Press . Genesis A, 590; see also, 708–714b. For discussions of the Old English Eve, see
  • Belanoff , P. 1989 . “The Fall(?) of the Old English Female Poetic Image,” . Proceedings of the Modern Language Association , 104 : 822 – 831 . Even such heroic figures as Elene and Judith only initiate action that their male counterparts complete. For studies on other women in Old English literature, see the essays in the
  • Damico‐Olsen collection and Chance's , J. 1986 . Woman as Hero in Old English Literature , Syracuse : Syracuse University Press .
  • Talbot , C. H. 1954 . Anglo‐Saxon Missionaries in Germany , London and New York : Sheed and Ward . One such woman, Hugeburc, abbess of Heidenheim, wrote a life of her brothers Willibald and Wynnebald, but she tells us little about how she imagined herself. Her describing herself as unworthy to write such a narrative seems simple deployment of the common medieval modesty topos. See
  • Holder‐Egger , O. , ed. Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptores, vol. XV , 80 – 117 . for a translation of this Life, which is edited by, i:4
  • 1990 . Religion and Literature in Western England, 600–800 , 212 – 219 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . P. Sims‐Williams discusses a woman's letter found after Apponius’ commentary on the Song of Songs in the Boulogne‐sur‐Mer, Bibliotheque Municipale, 74 (82)
  • Tangl , M. , ed. 1916 . Die Briefe des heiligen Bonifatius und Lullus, Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Epistolae Selectae Berlin For example, Boniface maintains an alliance with abbess Eadburg as he thanks her for her gifts of clothing and books, and he turns to her scriptorium for fine copying (Tangl 35). for the manuscript tradition of the “Boniface Correspondence,” see
  • Rau , R. 1968 . Briefe des Bonifatius, Willibalds Leben des Bonifatius , Darmstadt : Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft . All quotations of the “Boniface Correspondence” are taken from Tangl's edition with page and line numbers given
  • Wallace‐Hadrill , J. M. 1971 . “A background to St Boniface's mission,” . In England before the Conquest, , Edited by: Clemoes , P. and Hughes , K. 35 – 48 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . For background to the Boniface mission, see
  • Ehwald , R. , ed. 1919 . “ Aldhelmi Opera Omnia, ” . In Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi, Vol. XV , 233.8 – 9 . Berlin
  • Lapidge , M. and Herren , M. 1979 . Aldhelm: the Prose Works , 62.10 Cambridge : D. S. Brewer .
  • 1988 . Friendship and Community, The Monastic Experience 350–1250 , 91 – 92 . Kalamazoo, MI : Cistercian Publications .
  • Klaeber , F. , ed. 1950 . Beowulf, , third edition , 1.472 Lexington, Mass : D. C. Heath and Co. . For example, Hrothgar says that he gave treasures to the Wylfings to end the feud between the nations, and the Wylfings subsequently swore him oaths
  • Ehwald , R. , ed. De Metris et Enigmatibus ac Pedum Regulis 61.1 – 6 .
  • Kelly , J. N. D. 1975 . Jerome, His Life, Writings, and Controversies , 11 London : Duckworth .
  • Constable , G. 1976 . Letters and Letter Collections, Typologie des sources du moyen âge occidental, , Turnhout : Brepols . For a discussion of medieval epistolography, see, fasc. 17
  • Zeumer , K. , ed. 1886 . Formulae Merowingici et Karolini Aevi, , Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Legum Sectio 5, Formulae Hanover
  • Bischoff , B. 1973 . Salzburger Formelbücher und Briefe aus Tissilonischer und Karolingischer Zeit, , SB Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, phil.‐hist. Kl. 1973 Munich Heft 4
  • 1992 . “Freshman Composition in the Early Middle Ages: Epistolography and Rhetoric before theirs dictaminis,” . Viator , 23 : 115 – 134 .
  • Curtis , E. 1953 . European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, , Bollingen Series XXXVI Edited by: Trask , Willard R. 407 – 413 . Princeton : Princeton University Press . Tangl 14.22–9. For discussion of “devotional formula,” see
  • Lanham . 1975 . "Salutatio” Formulas in Latin Letters to 1200: Syntax, Style, and Theory, , Münchener Beiträge sur Mediävistik und Renaissance‐Forschung 22 89 – 91 . Munich : Arbeo‐Gesellschaft . C. D. Lanham points out that two epistolary rules persisted from the fourth century forward: she cites the fourth century Arsrhetorica of C. Julius Victor and the section on de epistolis from the late eighth century manuscript Paris BN lat. 7530. Both of these passages instruct that the status of the addressee should be considered. See
  • Janson , T. Latin Prose Prefaces 146 – 7 . For Latin examples, see, and Curtius 138–41. The most famous examples in Old English Poetry are found in the Seafarer Andreas
  • Koskenniemi , H. 1956 . Studien zur Idee und Phraseologie des griechischen Briefes bis 400 n. Ch , 35 – 42 . Helsinki : Soumalainen Tiedeaka‐temia . For a discussion of friendship motifs in letters, see
  • Thraede , K. 1970 . Grundzüge griechischrömischer Brieftopik , Munich : C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung .
  • Anon . 1863 . Excerpta rhetorica, , Rhetores latiniminores Edited by: Halm , K. 589.4 – 8 . Leipzig : B. G. Teubneri .
  • Dronke , P. 1984 . Women Writers of the Middle Ages , 30 – 35 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Fell , C. “Some Implications of the Boniface Correspondence,” . Edited by: Damico and Olsen . 37 – 41 .
  • Bateson , M. 1899 . “Origin and Early History of Double Monasteries,” . Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, , : 137 – 198 . for history of double houses. Dronke (91) uses Charlemagne's prohibition of 789 as evidence that winileodas were written; we have no surviving examples of such poetry
  • Wemple , S. 1981 . Women in Prankish Society: Marriage and the Cloister, 850 ‐1100 , 127 – 88 . Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press . For a history of monastic women during this period, see
  • Schulenburg , J. T. 1989 . “Women's Monastic Communities, 500–1100, Patterns of Expansion and Decline,” . In Sisters and Workers in the Middle Ages , Edited by: Bennett , J. M. 208 – 239 . Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Lapidge , M. and Gneuss , H. , eds. 1985 . “Anglo‐Saxons on the Mind,” . In Learning and Literature in Anglo‐Saxon England, , 286 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Lapdige , M. and Rosier , J. L. , eds. 1985 . Aldheim: the Poetic Works, , Cambridge : D. S. Brewer . Tangl 285.7–16; for Carmen Rhythmicum, see Ehwald, 524–537; translated in
  • Radice , B. , ed. 1974 . The Letters of Abelard and Heloise , 113 New York : Penguin . This topos of “lover as healer,” of course, also occurs frequently in romance literature
  • Hecht , H. , ed. 1900 . Bischofs Waerferth von Worcester Übersetzung der Dialoge Gregors des Grossen, , 167.17 – 18 . Leipzig : George H. Wigand's Verlag .

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