References
- BALDWIN, S. J., BLOOMER, J. C., SMITH, G. J., AYRTON, A. D., CLARKE, S. E. and CHENERY, R. J., 1995, Ketoconazole and sulphaphenazole as the respective selective inhibitors of P4503A and 2C9. Xenobiotica, 25, 261–270.
- CHANG, T. K. H., GONZALEZ, F. J. and WAXMAN, D. J., 1994, Evaluation of triacetyloleandomycin, a-naphthofiavone and diethyldithiocarbamate as selective chemical probes for inhibition of human cytochromes P450. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 311, 437–442.
- CLARKE, S. E., 1998, In vitro assessment of human cytochrome P450. Xenobiotica, 28, 1167-1202. CLARKE, S. E., AYRTON, A. D. and CHENERY, R. J., 1994, Characterization of the inhibition of P4501A2 by furafylline. Xenobiotica, 24, 517–526.
- GIEMBYCZ, M. A., 2000, Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and the treatment of asthma, where we are now and where do we go from here? Drugs, 59, 193–212.
- GORSKI, J. C., JoNEs, D. R., WRIGHTON, S. A. and HALL, S. D., 1994, Characterization of dextromethorphan N-demethylation by human liver microsomes. Contribution of the cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) subfamily. Biochemical Pharmacology, 48, 173–182.
- HE', H., WHITE, R. B. and STEVENS, J. C., 1996, Catalytic role of P4502B6 in the N-demethylation of S-mephenytoin. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 24, 948–954.
- LAKE, B. G., 1987, Preparation and characterisation of microsomal fractions for studies of xenobiotic metabolism. In K. Snell and B. Mullock (eds), Biochemical Toxicology: A Practical Approach (Oxford: IRL Press), pp. 183–215.
- LECOEUR, S., BONIERBALE, E., CHALLINE, D., GAUTER, J.-C., VALADON, P., DANSETTE, P. M., CATINOT, R., BALLET, F., MANSUY, D. and BEAUNE, P. H., 1994, Specificity of in vitro covalent binding of tienilic acid metabolites to human liver microsomes in relationship to the type of hepatotoxicity: comparison with two directly hepatotoxic drugs. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 7, 434–442.
- LOWRY, O. H., ROSEBROUGH, N. J., FR, A. L. and RANDALL, R. J. 1951, Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265–275.
- NELSON, D. R., KOYMANS, L., KAMATAKI, T., STEGEMAN, J. J., FEYEREISEN, R., WAXMAN, D. J., WATERMAN, M. R., GOTOH, 0., COON, M. J., ESTABROOK, R. W., GUNSALUS, I. C. and NEBERT, D. W., 1996, P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers and nomenclature. Pharmacogenetics, 6, 1–42.
- NEWTON, D. J., WANG, R. W. and Lu, A. Y. H., 1995, Cytochrome P450 inhibitors. Evaluation of specificities in the in vitro metabolism of therapeutic agents by human liver microsomes. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 23, 154–158.
- ONO, S., HATANAKA, T., HOTTA, H., SATOH, T., GONZALEZ, F. J. and TSUTSUI, M., 1996, Specificity of substrate and inhibitor probes for cytochrome P45 Os: evaluation of in vitro metabolism using cDNA-expressed human P450s and human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica, 26, 681–693.
- PARKINSON, A., 1996, Biotransformation of xenobiotics. In C. D. Klaassen (ed.), Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 5th edn (New York: McGraw-Hill), pp. 113–186.
- PELKONEN, O., MÄENPAA, J., TAAVITSAINEN, P., RAUTIO, A. and RAUNIO, H., 1998, Inhibition and induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Xenobiotica, 28, 1203–1253.
- RODRIGUES, A. D., 1999, Integrated cytochrome P450 reaction phenotyping. Attempting to bridge the gap between cDNA-expressed cytochromes P450 and native human liver microsomes. Biochemical Pharmacology, 57, 465–480.
- SHIMADA, T., YAMAZAKI, H., MIMURA, M., INUI, Y. and GUENGERICH, F. P., 1994, Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 270, 414–423.
- TUCKER, G. T., HOUSTON, J. B. and HUANG, S.-M., 2001, Optimizing drug development: strategies to assess drug metabolism/transporter interaction potential-towards a consensus. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 52, 107–117.
- WRIGHTON, S. A., VANDENBRANDEN, M., STEVENS, J. C., SHIPLEY, L. A., RING, B. J., RETTIE, A. E. and CASHMAN, J. R., 1993, In vitro methods for assessing human hepatic drug metabolism: their use in drug development. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 25, 453–484.