Publication Cover
Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 35, 2005 - Issue 3
86
Views
28
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of an inhalation dose of [14C] 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate in the male rat

, , , &
Pages 273-292 | Received 28 Jun 2004, Published online: 22 Sep 2008

References

  • Aromatic amines (aniline, a-toluidine, m-toluidine, p-toluidine, 4-chloro-o-toluidine, 2,4-toluyenediamine and 2,6-toluylenediamine, 4-aminodiphenyl, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane). Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Analyses of Hazardous Substances in Biological Materials 1993 August: 67–103.
  • Baillie TA, Kassahun K. 1994. Reversibility in glutathione-conjugate formation. Advances in Pharmacology 27:163–181.
  • Dalene M, Skarping G, Brunmark P. 1995. Assessment of occupational exposure to 4,4'-methylenedianiline by the analysis of blood and urine samples. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 67:67–72.
  • Dalene M, Skarping G, Lind P. 1997. Workers exposed to thermal degradation products of TDI and MDI based polyurethane: biomonitoring of 2,4-TDA; 2,6-TDA and 4,4'-MDA in hydrolysed urine and plasma. American Industrial Hygience Association Journal 58:587–591.
  • Feron VJ, Kittel B, Kuper CF, Ernst H, Rittinghausen S, Muhle H, Koch W, Gamer A, Mallett AK, Hoffmann HD. 2001. Chronic pulmonary effects of respirable methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) aerosol in rats: combination of findings from two bioassays. Archives of Toxicology 75(3):159–175.
  • HSE. 1999. Occupational Medicine and Hygiene Laboratory. MDHS25/3. Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances. MDHS25/3: Organic Isocyanates in Air. Laboratory Method using 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine solution and high performance liquid chromatography. Health and Safety Executive.
  • Kennedy AL and Brown WE. 1999. Biochemical and historadioautographic characterisation of the distribution of radioactivity following exposure to "C-MDI aerosol. III Report Number 11321:159–175. International Isocyanate Institute.
  • Kilgour JD, Rattray NJ, Foster J, Soames A, Hext PM. 2002. Pulmonary responses and recovery following single and repeated inhalational exposure of rats to polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate aerosols. Journal of Applied Toxicology 22:371–385.
  • Lange RW, Day B, Lemus R, Tyurin VA, Kagan VE, Karol MH. 1999. Intracellular S-glutathionyl adducts in murine lung and human bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to diisocyanatotoluene. Chemical Research in Toxicology 12:931–936.
  • Pauluhn J, Emura M, Mohr U, Popp A, Rosenbruch M. 1999. Two week inhalation toxicity of polymeric diphenylmethane-4'-diisocyanate (PMDI) in rats: analysis of biochemical and morphological markers of early pulmonary response. Inhalation Toxicology 11:1143–1163.
  • Reisser M, Schmidt BF, Brown WE. 2002. Synthesis, characterization, and solvolysis of mono- and bis-S-(glutathionyl) adducts of methylene-bis-(phenylisocyanate) (MDI). Chemical Research in Toxicology 15:1235–1241.
  • Reuzel PG, Kuper CF, Feron VJ, Appleman LM, Loser E. 1994. Acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation toxicity studies of respirable polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (polymeric MDI) aerosol in rats. Fundamentals in Applied Toxicology 22:186–194.
  • Rosenberg C, Nikkila K, Henriks-Eckerman ML, Peltonen K, Engstrorm K. 2002. Biological monitoring of aromatic diisocyanates in workers exposed to thermal degradation products of polyurethanes. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 4:711–716.
  • Sabbioni G, Hartley R, Henschler D, Hollrigl-Rosta A, Koeber R, Schneider S. 2000. Isocyanate-specific hemoglobin adduct in rats exposed to 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. Chemical Research in Toxicology 13:82–89.
  • Saclay R. 1977. Pharmokinetics of MDI after inhalation exposure of rats to labelled MDI. Report to the Inter-national Isocyanate Institute, September, Laboratoire d'Etude du Metabolisme des Medicants, Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique.
  • Schutze D, Sepai O, Lewalter J, Miksche L, Henschler D, Sabbioni G. 1995. Biomonitoring of workers exposed to 4,4'-methylenedianiline or 4,4'-methylenediphenyldiisocyanate. Carcinogenesis 16:573–582.
  • Sepai O, Schutze D, Heinrich U, Hoymann HG, Henschler D, Sabbioni G. 1995. Hemoglobin adducts and urine metabolites of 4,4'-methylenedianiline after 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate exposure of rats. Chemico-Biological Interactions 97:185–198.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.