Publication Cover
Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 36, 2006 - Issue 6
133
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Metabolism of two analgesic agents, tramadol-n-oxide and tramadol, in specific pathogen-free and axenic mice

, , &
Pages 551-565 | Received 18 Nov 2005, Published online: 22 Sep 2008

References

  • Abel SR. Tramadol: An alternative analgesic to traditional opioids and NASADs. Journal Pharmaceutical Care in Pain and Symptom Control 1995; 3: 5–29
  • Dayer P, Desmeules J, Collart L. Pharmacologie du tramadol. Drugs 1997; 53(Suppl. 2)18–24
  • Flick K, Frankus E, Fridericks E. Studies on chemical structure and analgesic activity of phenyl substituted aminomethylcyclohexanols. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Research 1978; 28: 107–113
  • Fridericks E, Felgenhauer F, Jonschaap P, Osterloh G. Pharmakologische untersuchungen zur analgesie, abhangigkeits und toleranzentwicklung von tramadol, einemstark wirkenden analgetikum. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Research 1978; 28: 122–134
  • Juzwin SJ, Wang DC, Anderson NJ, Wong FA. The determination of RWJ-38705 (tramadol-N-oxide) and its metabolites in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies using lc-ms/ms. Journal of Pharmacology and Biomedical Analysis 2000; 22: 469–480
  • Kelentey B, Stenszry E, Czollner F, Szlavir L, Meszaros Z. Darstellung und pharmakologische untersuchungen der N-oxyde der opium-alkaloide. Arzneim Forsch 1957; 7: 594–597
  • Lee RC, McTavish D, Sorkin EM. Tramadol, a preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in acute and chronic pain states. Drugs 1993; 46: 313–340
  • Lintz W, Erlacin S, Frankus E, Uragg H. Metabolismus von tramadol bei mensch und tier. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Research 1981; 31: 1932–1943
  • Paar WD, Frankus P, Dengler HJ. The metabolism of tramadol by human liver microsomes. Clinical Investigation 1992; 70: 708–710
  • Paar WD, Poche S, Gerloff J, Dengler HJ. In vivo investigation of the metabolism of tramadol – further evidence for O-demethylation polymorphism. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1993; 347(Suppl. R39)154
  • Raffa RB, Friderichs E, Reimann W, Shank RP, Codd EE, Vaught JL, Jacoby HI, Selve N. Complementary and synergistic antinociceptive interaction between the enantiomers of tramadol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1993; 267: 331–340
  • Raffa RB, Friderichs E, Reimann W, Shank RP, Codd EE, Vaught JL. Opioid and nonopioid components independently contribute to the mechanism of action of tramadol, an ‘atypical’ opioid analgesic. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1992; 260: 275–285
  • Raffa RB, Haslego ML, Maryanoff CA, Villani FI, Codd EE, Connelly CD, Martinez RP, Schupsky JJ, Buben JA, Wu WN, Takacs AR, McKown LA. Unexpected antinociceptive effect of the N-oxide (RWJ-38705) of tramadol hydrochloride. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1996; 278: 1098–1104
  • Raffa RB, Nayak RK, Liao S. The mechanism(s) of action and pharmacokinetics of tramadol. Review in Contemporary Pharmacotherapeutics 1995; 6: 485–497
  • Subrahmanyam V, Renwick AB, Walters DG, Young PJ, Price RJ, Tonelli AP, Lake BG. Identification of cytochrome p-450 isoforms responsible for cis-tramadol metabolism in human liver microsomes. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 2001; 29: 1146–1155
  • Takagi K, Fukuda H. Studies on antitussives. II. Opium alkaloids and their N-oxides. Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 1960; 80: 1501–1506
  • Wu WN, McKown LA. In vivo metabolism of tramadol-N-oxide, an analgesic agent in mice (specific pathogen-free vs axenic). The 12th North American ISSX Meeting (abstract no. 90). Drug Metabolism Reviews 2003a; 35(Suppl. 2)45
  • Wu WN, McKown LA. Metabolism of ULTRAM® (tramadol) in mice (specific pathogen-free vs. axenic). The 8th European ISSX Meeting (abstract no. 235). Drug Metabolism Reviews 2003b; 35(Suppl. 1)118
  • Wu WN, McKown LA, Liao S. Metabolism of the analgesic drug, ULTRAM® (tramadol hydrochloride) in humans: api-ms and ms/ms characterization of metabolites. Xenobiotica 2002a; 32: 411–425
  • Wu WN, McKown LA, Codd EE, Raffa RB. In vitro metabolism of the analgesic agent, tramadol-N-oxide, in mouse, rat, and human. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 2002b; 27: 193–197
  • Wu WN, McKown LA, Gauthier AD, Jones WJ, Raffa RB. Metabolism of the analgesic drug, tramadol hydrochloride, in rat and dog. Xenobiotica 2001; 31: 423–441

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.