Publication Cover
Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 28, 1998 - Issue 11
56
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

In vitro metabolism of clenbuterol and bromobuterol by pig liver microsomes

Pages 1049-1060 | Published online: 22 Sep 2008

References

  • ANFOSSI,P., ZAGHINI,A. and MONTESISSA, C. 1996, Effect of Aflatoxin B1 administration on salbutamol and clenbuterol metabolism in growing lambs. Proceedings of the IX International IUPAC Symposium on Mycotox ins and Phytotoxins, 1, 224.
  • BLAKE, B. L., ROSE, L. R., MAILMAN, R. B., LEVI, P. E. and HODGSON, E. 1995, Metabolism of thioridazine by microsomal monooxygenases: relative roles of P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenases. Xenobiotica, 25, 377–393.
  • BICKEL, M. H. 1969, The pharmacology and biochemistry of N-oxides. Pharmacological Review, 21, 325–355.
  • DIRECTIVE 96/22/EC, 1996, Prohibition of the use of certain substances having an hormonal and thyreostatic action and )3-agonists in animal husbandry. Official Journal of European Community, L125.
  • DEBRAUWER, L. and BORIES, G. 1993, Determination of clenbuterol residues by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. Analitica Chimica Acta, 275, 231–239.
  • DEBRAUWER, L., ZALKO, D. and TULLIEZ J. 1996, LC-ES I-MS for the characterization of Clenbuterol metabolites in the urine. Proceedings Euroresidues III Conference, 1, 367–369.
  • DOERGE, D. R., Banc, S. and LOWE S. 1993, Analysis of clenbuterol in human plasma using liquid chromatography/atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Communi-cations in Mass Spectrometry, 7, 462–464.
  • ELLIOTT, C. T., KROOKS, S. R. H. and MCCAUGHEY, W. J. 1995, Development of a rapid screening test to detect )3-agonist residues in bovine eye and hair. Veterinary Record, 137, 643–644.
  • KAIBAF M., SEPAI, 0. and LAMB, J. H. 1992, Identification of metabolites of 4,4"-diamino-diphenylmethane (methylene dianiline) using liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques. Journal of Chromatography Biomedical Application, 583, 63–76.
  • LOWRY, 0. H., ROSEBROUGH, N. J., FARR, A. L. and RANDALL, R. J. 1951, Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265–275.
  • MALUCELLI, A., Rizzo, A. and MEYER, H. H. D. 1995, Purification of clenbuterol, salbutamol, and terbutaline by immunoaffinity chromatography. Archiv fur Lebensmittelhygiene, 46, 101-103. MERSMANN, H. J. 1989, Influence of infused )3-adrenergic agonists on porcine blood metabolites and catecholamines. Journal of Animal Science, 67, 2633–2645.
  • OMURA, T. and SATO, R. 1964, The carbon mono-oxide binding pigment of liver microsomes. Evidence for its hemoprotein nature. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 239, 2370–2378.
  • Pou, K., ONG, H., ADAM, A., LAMOTHE, P. and DELAHAUT, P. 1994, Combined immunoextraction approach coupled to a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for the determination of trace levels of salbutamol and clenbuterol in tissue samples. Analyst, 119, 2659–2662.
  • POULSEN, L. L. and ZIEGLER, D. M. 1995, Multisubstrate flavin-containing monooxygenases: appli-cations of mechanism to specificity. Chemical-Biological Interactions, 96, 57–63.
  • SABOURIN, P. J. and HODGSON, E. 1984, Characterization of the purified microsomal FAD-containing monooxygenase from mouse and pig liver. Chemical-Biological Interactions, 51, 125–139.
  • SAUER, M. J., PICKETT, R. J. H., LIMER, S. and DIXON, S. N. 1995, Distribution and elimination of clenbuterol in tissues and fluids of calves following prolonged oral administration at a growth-promoting dose. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 18, 81–86.
  • SAUER, M. J., GRAHAM, P. J., LAKE, B. G., HOWELLS, L. and COLDHAM, N. G. 1996, )3-agonist abuse in food producing animals: studies of in vitro liver metabolism to evaluate potential target residues. Proceedings of the Euroresidues III Conference, 2, 844–847.
  • SMITH D. J. 1998 The pharmacokinetics, metabolism and tissue residues of )3-adrenergic agonists in livestock. Journal of Animal Science, 76, 173–194
  • VISSER, T., VREDENBREGT, M. J., JONG, A. P. J. M. DE, Rossum, H. J. VAN, STEPHANY, R. W. and GINKEL, L. A. VAN 1994, Confirmational analysis of beta-agonists by criotrapping gas chromato-graphy Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Analyst, 119, 2681–2685.
  • WILSON, R. T., GRONECK J. M., HOLLAND, K. P. and HENRY, A. C. 1994, Determination of Clenbuterol in cattle, sheep and swine tissues by electron ionization gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry. Journal of AOAC-international, 77, 917–924.
  • ZALKO, D., BORIFS, G. and TULLIEZ, J. 1996, Comparative metabolism of 'H-clenbuterol in the rat and bovine. Proceedings of the Euroresidues III Conference, 2, 993–997.
  • ZIEGLER, D. M. 1988, Flavin-containing monooxygenases: catalytic mechanism and substrate specificities. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 19,1–32.
  • ZIEGLER, D. M. 1993, Recent studies on the structure and function of multisubstrate flavin-containing monooxygenases. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 33, 179–199.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.