- Bailey, P. 1995. Orkney, Newton Abbot: David and Charles
- Burgher, L. 1991. Orkney: an Illustrated Architectural Guide, Edinburgh: Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland
- Clouston, J. S. 1932. A History of Orkney, Kirkwall: W. R. Mackintosh
- Gifford, J. 1992. The Buildings of Scotland: Highlands and Islands, London: Penguin
- Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS), 1946. Twelfth Report with an Inventory of the Ancient Monuments of Orkney and Shetland, Vol. 2, Orkney, Edinburgh: RCAHMS
- Ritchie, A. and Ritchie, G. 1999. The Ancient Monuments of Orkney, Edinburgh: Historic Scotland
- Thomson, W. P. L. 2001. The New History of Orkney, Edinburgh: Mercat Press
- Wickham-Jones, C. R. 2006. Between the Wind and the Water: World Heritage Orkney, Oxford: Oxbow Books/Windgather Press
- Wickham-Jones, C. R. 1998. Orkney: A Historical Guide, Edinburgh: Birlinn
- Ashmore, P. J. 1996. Neolithic and Bronze Age Scotland, London: Batsford/Historic Scotland
- Davidson, J. L. and Henshall, A. S. 1989. The Chambered Cairns of Orkney, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
- Fraser, D. 1983. Land and Society in Neolithic Orkney, Oxford: Brit. Archaeol. Rep. Brit. Ser., 117
- Renfrew, C. (ed.) 1988. The Prehistory of Orkney, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
- Ritchie, A. 1995. Prehistoric Orkney, London: Batsford
- Ritchie, A. (ed.) 2000. Neolithic Orkney in its European Context, Cambridge, McDonald Institute Monogr.
- Ritchie, A. 1985. Orkney in the Pictish Kingdom, in C. Renfrew (ed.) The Prehistory of Orkney, 183–204, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
- Ritchie, A. 1989. Picts, Edinburgh:HMSO
- Clouston, J. S. 1914. Records of the Earldom of Orkney 1299–1614, Edinburgh: T. and A. Constable
- Crawford, B. E. 1987. Scandinavian Scotland, Leicester: Leicester University Press
- Owen, O. 1999. The Sea Road. A Viking Voyage Through Scotland, Edinburgh: Canongate Books with Historic Scotland
- Morris, C. D. 1985. Viking Orkney: a survey, in C. Renfrew (ed.) The Prehistory of Orkney, 210–42, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
- Palsson, H. and Edwards, P. (trans.) 1981. Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney, London: Penguin Classics
- Ritchie, A. 1993. Viking Scotland, London: Batsford/Historic Scotland
- Watt, D. E. R. and Murray, A. L. (eds) 2003. Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae Medii Aevi Ad Annum 1638, Edinburgh: Scottish Record Society
- www.paparproject.org.uk—a web site which looks at places in Orkney and Shetland, and Caithness which have the Old Norse names Papay, meaning ‘the island of the priests’ and Papil meaning ‘the settlement of the priests’ with a view to establishing their connection with pre-Viking Christian sites.
- The Statistical Account of Scotland 1834–45 on-line at http://stat-acc-scot.edina.ac.uk
- Thomson, W. P. L. 1981. The Little General and the Rousay Crofters: Crisis and Conflict on an Orkney Crofting Estate, Edinburgh: John Donald
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