Southern African Stone Age archaeology and palaeontology in a mining context: the example of Gudrun Corvinus in the diamond mines of the Sperrgebiet, Namibia (1976–1980)

References

• Almond, J.E. and Pether, J. 2008. “Palaeontological heritage of the Northern Cape.” Interim SAHRA technical report. Cape Town. https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/default/files/heritagereports/PIA_Sato_Zuurwater_PV_Energy_2234_Almond_JE_Sep11_0.pdf Site accessed 14 June 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Avery, G. 1985. “Late Holocene use of penguin skins: evidence from a coastal shell midden at Steenbras Bay, Luderitz Peninsula, South West Africa-Namibia.” Annals of the South African Museum 96: 55–65.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, P. 1983. “South West Africa/Namibia issues related to political independence.” PhD diss., University of Cape Town.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, D.R., Levin, N.E., Roberts, D., Stynder, D., Forrest, F., Herries, A.I.R., Matthews, T., Bishop, L., Archer, W. and Pickering, R. 2013. “Initial investigations of Acheulean hominin behaviour at Elandsfontein.” In The Archaeology of the West Coast of South Africa, edited by A. Jerardino, A. Malan and D. Braun, 10–23. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, D.R., Levin, N.E., Stynder, D., Herries, A.I.R., Archer, W., Forrest, F., Roberts, D.L., Bishop, L.C., Matthews, T., Lehmann, S.B., Pickering, R. and Fitzsimmons, K.E. 2013. “Mid-Pleistocene Hominin occupation at Elandsfontein, Western Cape, South Africa.” Quaternary Science Reviews 82: 145–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breunig, P., Behringer, J., Fels, M. and Maidhof, J. 2018. “West of the best: rock art and archaeological discoveries in the Doro!nawas region of northwest Namibia.” Acta Archaeologica 89: 174–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bristow, C.S., Duller, G.A.T. and Lancaster, N. 2007. “Age and dynamics of linear dunes in the Namib Desert.” Geology 35: 555–558.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, A. and Loots, S. 2020. “Plant endemics of the TsauǁKhaeb (Sperrgebiet) National Park.” Namibian Journal of Environment 4: A-70.
   Google Scholar
• Burke, A. and Mannheimer, C. 2004. “Plant species of the Sperrgebiet (Diamond Area 1).” Dinteria 29: 79–109.
   Google Scholar
• Chauhan, P.R. and Patnaik, R. 2008. “Gudrun Corvinus (1932–2006) — Pioneering paleoanthropologist.” Quaternary International 192: 1–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chetty, S. 2019. Digging Beneath the Surface — An Exploration of the Net Benefits of Mining in Southern Africa. Washington: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, B.M., Meyer, W.F. Ewart-Smith, C., Pulfrich, A. and Hughes, J. 1999. “Synthesis and assessment of information on the Bclme Thematic Report 3 — Integrated overview of diamond mining in the Benguela Current region.” (AEC Report #1016). Anchor Environmental Consultants for the United Nations Development Programme. http://archive.iwlearn.net/bclme.org/factfig/diamond_mining.html#conditions%20of%20use Site accessed 10 June 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1974. “Letter to W” (dated 5 July 1974). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1975. “Palaeolithic remains at the Hadar in the Afar region.” Nature 256: 468–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1976a. “Prehistoric exploration at Hadar, Ethiopia.” Nature 261: 571–572.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1976b. “Letter to S” (dated 2 February 1976). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1976c. “Letter to H” (dated 24 August 1976). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1976d. “Letter to An. D” (dated 11 November 1976). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1976e. “Letter to An” (dated 8 December 1976). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1977a. “Fieldnote book 1976–1977” Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1977b. “Archaeological and paleontological investigations of the Lower Orange Valley in Sperrgebiet 1 (Obib-Arrisdrift)”. Report to the Consolidated Diamond Mines of South West Africa Pty Ltd. Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978a. “Diary 1977/78.” Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978b. “Fossils from Arrisdrift: unlocking secrets of the Miocene.” Optima 27(4): 108–114.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978c. “Miozäne Reptil und Säugetierfunde in Südwestafrika.” Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau 31: 74–75.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978d. “Paleontological and archaeological investigations of the Lower Orange River Valley from Arrisdrift to Obib.” Palaeoecology of Africa 10: 75–91.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978e. “Letter to D” (dated 25 April 1978). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1978f. “Letter to An” (dated 14 August 1978). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979a. “Archäologische und paläontologische Forschungsergebnisse in Hadar im Afar-Gebiet in Äthiopien.” Beiträge zur Allgemeinen und Vergleichenden Archäologie (AVA) 1(1979): 167–178.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979b. “Diary 1978/79.” Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979c. “Early and Middle Stone Age sites from the raised beaches in the concession area of CDM in the southern Namib Desert.” Unpublished paper delivered at the conference of the South African Archaeological Association, Stellenbosch, June. Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979d. “Occupation patterns during Early to Later Stone Age in the southern Namib Desert.” Unpublished paper. Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979e. “Letter to An. D” (dated 9 June 1979). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979f. “Archaeological investigations in the Lower Orange River Valley.” Report to Consolidated Diamond Mines Pty Ltd Geological Department; Personal Collection U. Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979g. “Excavation of the Miocene vertebrate site of Pit 2/AD8 at Arrisdrift.” Report to Consolidated Diamond Mines Pty Ltd Geological Department. Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979h. “Letter to V” (dated 5 December 1979). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979i. “Letter to V” (dated 20 December 1979). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1979j. “Letter to W.W” (dated 25 December 1979). Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1980a. “Diary 1978/79/80.” Personal collection, Ulla Mussgnug.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1980b. “The raised beaches of the west coast of South West Africa/Namibia: an interpretation of their archaeological and palaeontological data — Draft and CDM Reviewing.”
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1983. The Raised Beaches of the West Coast of South West Africa/Namibia: An Interpretation of their Archaeological and Palaeontological Data. Volume 5. Munich: C.H. Beck.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1985. “An Acheulian industry within raised beach complex of the CDM concession area, S.W. Africa (Namibia).” Quartär 35: 183–189.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1988. “The Mio-Plio-Pleistocene litho-and biostratigraphy of the Surai Khola Siwaliks in west Nepal: first results.” Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences. Série 2, Mécanique, Physique, Chimie, Sciences de l’Univers, Sciences de La Terre 306: 1471–1477.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1989. “Litho-and biostratigraphy of the Siwalik succession in Surai Khola area, Nepal.” Palaeobotanist 38: 293–297.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1991. “A handaxe assemblage from western Nepal.” Quartär 41: 155–173.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1995. “The Satpati handaxe site and the Chabeni uniface site in southern Nepal.” Quartär 45: 15–35.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 1996. “The prehistory of Nepal after 10 years of research.” Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 14: 43–55.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 2007a. Prehistoric Cultures in Nepal: From the Early Palaeolithic to the Neolithic and the Quaternary Geology of the Dang-Deokhuri Dun Valleys Volume 1. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. 2007b. Prehistoric Cultures in Nepal: From the Early Palaeolithic to the Neolithic and the Quaternary Geology of the Dang-Deokhuri Dun Valleys Volume 2. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. and Hendey, Q.B. 1978. “A new Miocene vertebrate locality at Arrisdrift in Namibia (South West Africa).” Neues Jahrbuch Für Geologie Und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 4: 193–205.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G., and Nanda, A.C. 1994. “Stratigraphy and palaeontology of the Siwalik group of Surai Khola and Rato Khola in Nepal.” Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie Abhandlungen 191: 25–68.
   Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. and Rimal, L.N. 2001. “Biostratigraphy and geology of the Neogene Siwalik Group of the Surai Khola and Rato Khola areas in Nepal.” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 165: 251–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corvinus, G. and Roche, H. 1980. “Prehistoric exploration at Hadar in the Afar (Ethiopia) in 1973, 1974 and 1976.” Proceedings of the Eighth Pan African Congress of Prehistory and Quaternary Studies, Nairobi, September 1977, edited by R.E. Leakey and B.E. Ogot, 186–188. Nairobi: Louis Leakey Memorial Institute for African Prehistory.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, O. 1973. “Pleistocene shorelines in the Western Cape and South-West Africa.” Annals of the Natal Museum 21: 719–765.
   Google Scholar
• Dewar, G.I. 2007. “The archaeology of the coastal desert of Namaqualand, South Africa: a regional synthesis.” PhD diss., University of Cape Town.
   Google Scholar
• Dewar, G.I. and Orton, J.D. 2013. “Subsistence, settlement and material culture on the central Namaqualand coastline.” The Archaeology of the West Coast of South Africa, edited by A. Jerardino, A. Malan and D. Braun, 109–123. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Dewar, G.I. and Stewart, B. A. 2016. “Paleoenvironments, sea levels, and land use in Namaqualand, South Africa, during MIS 6-2.” In Africa from MIS 6-2, edited by S.C. Jones and B.A. Stewart, 195–212. Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Dewar, G.I. and Stewart, B.A. 2017. “Early maritime desert dwellers in Namaqualand, South Africa: a Holocene perspective on Pleistocene peopling.” Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 12: 44–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ervedosa, C. 1980. Arqueologia Angolana. Luanda: Edições 70.
   Google Scholar
• Figueiredo, J. 2020. “Diamond desire — Probing the epistemological entanglements of geology and ethnography at Diamang (Angola)”. South African Historical Journal 72: 431–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, E.C., Albert, R.-M., Botha, G., Cawthra, H.C., Esteban, I., Harris, J., Jacobs, Z., Jerardino, A.M.S., Marean, C.W., Neumann, F.H., Pargeter, J., Poupart, M., and Venter, J. 2013. “Archaeological reconnaissance for Middle Stone Age sites along the Pondoland coast, South Africa.” PaleoAnthropology 2013: 104–137.
   Google Scholar
• Gewald, J.-B. 2000. “Colonization, genocide and resurgence: the Herero of Namibia 1890–1933.” In History, Cultural Traditions and Innovations in Southern Africa: People, Cattle and Land. Transformations of a Pastoral Society in Southwestern Africa, edited by M. Bollig and J.B. Gewald, 187–225. Köln: Köppe.
   Google Scholar
• Gewald, J.-B. 2003. “Herero genocide in the twentieth century: politics and memory.” In Rethinking Resistance: Revolt and Violence in African History, edited by J. Abbink, K. van Walraven and M. de Bruijn, 279–304. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Gewald, J.-B. 2004. “Imperial Germany and the Herero of southern Africa: genocide and the quest for recompense. In Genocide, War Crimes and the West: History and Complicity, edited by A. Jones, 59–77. New-York: Zedbook.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbons, M.J., Goosen, A.J.J. and Wickens, P.A. 2000. “The impacts of offshore diamond mining on the benthic environment off the Orange River: evidence from the research submersible Jago.” In Tenth Southern African Marine Science Symposium(SAMSS 2000): Land, Sea and People in the New Millennium — Abstracts, edited by SANCOR, no pagination. Wilderness: SANCOR.
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez, M. 2008. Recherches Archéologiques en Angola: Préhistoire, Art Rupestre, Archéologie Funéraire. Paris: L’Harmattan.
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez, M., Guérin, C., Benjamim M.H. and Piedade da Jesus, M. 2001. “Exploitation d’un grand cétacé au Paléolithique ancien: Le site de Dungo V à Baia Farta (Benguela, Angola).” Comptes Rendus de l’Académie Des Sciences Series IIA Earth and Planetary Science 332: 357–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutierrez, M., Guérin, C., Karlin, C., Piedade da Jesus, M., Benjamim, M.H., Lebatard, A.-É., Bourlès, D.L., Braucher, R. and Leanni, L. 2010. “Recherches archéologiques à Dungo.” Afrique: Archéologie and Arts 6: Article 25–47.
   Google Scholar
• Hallinan, E. and Parkington, J.E. 2017. “Stone Age landscape use in the Olifants River Valley, Clanwilliam, Western Cape, South Africa.” Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 52: 324–372.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, L., Jones, J. and Schnitzer, K. 2012. “Monuments in the desert: a maritime landscape in Namibia.” Journal of Maritime Archaeology 7: 111–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hazleton, R. 2002. “Diamonds: forever or for good?” In The Economic Impact of Diamonds in Southern Africa, edited by I. Smillie, no page numbers. Ottawa: Partnership Africa Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Huizing, T.E. and Kampf, A.R. 2008. “A Namibian diamond adventure.” Rocks and Minerals 83: 486–501.
   Google Scholar
• Janse, A.J. 1995. “A history of diamond sources in Africa: part I.” Gems & Gemology 31: 228–255.
   Google Scholar
• Johanson, D.C., Taieb, M. and Coppens, Y. 1982. “Pliocene hominids from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia (1973–1977): stratigraphic, chronologic, and paleoenvironmental contexts, with notes on hominid morphology and systematics.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 57: 373–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, C.J., Marriott, M. and von Saldern, M. 1989. “World diamond industry: 1970–2000.” Natural Resources Forum 13: 90–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanandjembo Amupanda, J.S. 2020. “The Consolidated Diamond Mines and the natives in colonial Namibia — A critical analysis of the role of illegal diamonds in the development of Owamboland (1908–1990).” PhD diss., University of Namibia.
   Google Scholar
• Kandel, A.W. and Conard, N J. 2003. “Scavenging and processing of whale meat and blubber by Later Stone Age people of the Geelbek Dunes, Western Cape Province, South Africa.” South African Archaeological Bulletin 58: 91–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandel, A.W., Walker, S.J. and Conard, N.J. 2006. “Near-coastal settlement dynamics at the Anyskop Blowout, an archaeological locality at Langebaanweg, South Africa.” African Natural History 2: 186.
   Google Scholar
• Karve-Corvinus, G. 1966. “Biostratigraphie des Oxfordium und untersten Kimmeridgium am Mont Crussol, Ardeche.” Neues Jahrbuch Für Geologie Und Palaeontologie 126: 101–142.
   Google Scholar
• Kempton, D.R, and Du Preez, R.L. 1997. “Namibian-De Beers state-firm relations: cooperation and conflict.” Journal of Southern African Studies 23: 585–613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinahan, J. 2011. “From the beginning: the archaeological evidence.” In History of Namibia: From the Beginning to 1990, edited by M. Wallace and J. Kinahan, 1–15. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kinahan, J. 2020. Namib, The Archaeology of an African Desert. Windhoek: University of Namibia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kinahan, J. and Kinahan, J.H.A. 2017. “Post-Pleistocene archaeology and geomorphological processes on the Namib Desert coast of south western Africa.” Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 12: 65–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinahan, J.H.A. 2000. Cattle for Beads: The Archaeology of Historical Contact and Trade on the Namib Coast. Uppsala: Uppsala Press.
   Google Scholar
• Klein, R.G. and Cruz-Uribe, K. 1991. “The bovids from Elandsfontein, South Africa, and their implications for the age, palaeoenvironment, and origins of the site.” African Archaeological Review 9: 21–79.
   Google Scholar
• Knight, J. and Stratford, D. 2020. “Investigating lithic scatters in arid environments: the Early and Middle Stone Age in Namibia.” Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 131: 778–783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littlewood, D. 2014. “‘Cursed’ communities? Corporate social responsibility (CSR), company towns and the mining industry in Namibia.” Journal of Business Ethics 120: 39–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littlewood, D. 2015. “Corporate social responsibility, mining and sustainable development in Namibia: critical reflections through a relational lens.” Development Southern Africa 32: 240–257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marean, C.W. 2014. “The origins and significance of coastal resource use in Africa and western Eurasia.” Journal of Human Evolution 77: 17–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks, T.P. and McCall, G.S. 2014. New Approaches to the Study of Surface Paleolithic Artefacts: A Pilot Project at Zebra River. Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• McCall, G.S., Marks, T.P., Thomas, J.T., Eller, M., Horn, S.W., Horowitz, R.A., Kettler, K. and Taylor-Perryman, R. 2011. “Erb Tanks: A Middle and Later Stone Age rockshelter in the Central Namib Desert, western Namibia.” PaleoAnthropology 2011: 398–421.
   Google Scholar
• McKechnie, W.F. 2019. “Diamond exploration and mining in southern Africa: Some thoughts on past, current and possible future trends.” Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 119: 123–131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNabb, J., Binyon, F. and Hazelwood, L. 2004. “The large cutting tools from the South African Acheulean and the question of social traditions.” Current Anthropology 45: 653–677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merensky, H. 1909. “The diamond deposits of Luderitzland, German South-West Africa.” South African Journal of Geology 12: 13–23.
   Google Scholar
• Mesfin, I. 2021. “Les premiers peuplements du cordon littoral d’Afrique australe (1,2-0,5Ma): analyse productionnelle et morpho-structurelle des industries lithiques.” Thèse de doctorat, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Mesfin, I., Pleurdeau, D. and Forestier, H. 2021. “L’assemblage lithique du site Acheuléen de Namib IV (Namib centrale, Namibie).” L’Anthropologie 125: 102848.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales, J. and Pickford, M. 2018. “A new barbourofelid mandible (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the early Miocene of Grillental-6, Sperrgebiet, Namibia.” Communications of the Geological Society of Namibia 18: 113–123.
   Google Scholar
• Morales, J., Pickford, M. and Salesa, M.J. 2008. “Creodonta and Carnivora from the early Miocene of the Northern Sperrgebiet, Namibia.” Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia 20: 291–310.
   Google Scholar
• Morant, P.D. and O’Callaghan, M. 1990. “Some observations on the impact of the March 1988 flood on the biota of the Orange River mouth.” Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 47: 295–305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicoll, K. 2010. “Geomorphic development and Middle Stone Age archaeology of the Lower Cunene River, Namibia–Angola border.” Quaternary Science Reviews 29: 1419–1431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkington, J.E. 1972. “Seasonal mobility in the Late Stone Age.” African Studies 31: 223–244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkington, J.E. 1976. “Coastal settlement between the mouths of the Berg and Olifants Rivers, Cape Province.” South African Archaeological Bulletin 31: 127–140.
   Google Scholar
• Parkington, J.E. 1977. “Soaqua: hunter-fisher-gatherers of the Olifants River Valley Western Cape.” South African Archaeological Bulletin 32: 150–157.
   Google Scholar
• Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Regard, V., Cobbold, P.R., Ostanciaux, E., Johnson, M.E., Kershaw, S., Saillard, M., Martinod, J., Furgerot, L., Weill, P. and Delcaillau, B. 2011. “Relative sea-level fall since the last interglacial stage: are coasts uplifting worldwide?” Earth-Science Reviews 108: 1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickford, B. and Senut, M. 1998. “Orange River Man, an archaic Homo sapiens from Namibia.” South African Journal of Science 94: 312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickford, M. 1994. “A new species of Prohyrax (Mammalia, Hyracoidea) from the middle Miocene of Arrisdrift, Namibia.” Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 9: 43–62.
   Google Scholar
• Pickford, M. 2000. “Neogene and Quaternary vertebrate biochronology of the Sperrgebiet and Otavi Mountainland, Namibia.” Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 12: 359–365.
   Google Scholar
• Pickford, M., Mein, P. and Senut, B. 1992. “Primate bearing Plio-Pleistocene cave deposits of Humpata, southern Angola.” Human Evolution 7: 17–33.
   Google Scholar
• Pickford, M., Senut, B., Mein, P., Gommery, D. and Morales, J. 1996. “Preliminary results of new excavations at Arrisdrift, middle Miocene of southern Namibia.” Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences. Série 2. Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 322: 991–996.
   Google Scholar
• Pickford, M., Senut, B., Morales, J., Mein, P. and Sanchez, I.M. 2008. “Mammalia from the Lutetian of Namibia.” Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Namibia 20: 465–514.
   Google Scholar
• Pinto, L.J.M. 1988. “Le Musée National d’Archéologie de Benguela (Angola): bilan des premiers travaux: 1979-1987.” Nsi 3: 5–14.
   Google Scholar
• Pinto, L.J.M. 1992. “Arqueologia da faixa sedimentar de Benguela. A Idade da pedra e do ferro. Contributo para o seu estudo.” Leba. Estudos de Pré-História e Arqueología 7: 203–220.
   Google Scholar
• Pleurdeau, D., Imalwa, E., Détroit, F., Lesur, J., Veldman, A., Bahain, J.-J. and Marais, E. 2012. “‘Of sheep and men’: earliest direct evidence of caprine domestication in southern Africa at Leopard Cave (Erongo, Namibia).” PLoS ONE 7(7): e40340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Press, S. 2017. “Sovereignty and diamonds in southern Africa, 1908–1920.” Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law 28: 473–480.
   Google Scholar
• Pulfrich, A., Parkins, C.A., Branch, G.M., Bustamante, R.H. and Velásquez, C.R. 2003. “The effects of sediment deposits from Namibian diamond mines on intertidal and subtidal reefs and rock lobster populations.” Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13: 257–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulfrich, A. and Penney, A.J. 2000. “An assessment of the impact of nearshore diver-operated diamond mining on marine benthic communities near Luderitz, Namibia.” Tenth Southern African Marine Science Symposium (SAMSS 2000): Land, Sea and People in the New Millennium — Abstracts, edited by SANCOR, no pagination. Wilderness: SANCOR.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, T., Jarvis, A., Mendelson, J. and Swart, R. 2012. Namibia’s Coast: Ocean Riches and Desert Treasures. Windhoek: Directorate of Environmental Affairs, Ministry of Environment and Tourism.
   Google Scholar
• Rogers, J. and Li, X.C. 2002. “Environmental impact of diamond mining on continental shelf sediments off southern Namibia.” Quaternary International 92: 101–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saillard, M. 2008. “Dynamique du soulèvement côtier Pléistocène des Andes centrales: étude de l’évolution géomorphologique et datations (10Be) de séquences de terrasses marines (Sud Pérou — Nord Chili).” PhD diss., Université Paul Sabatier — Toulouse III.
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowsky, B.H. 1975. “An ancient butchery site in the dunes of the Namib.” South West African Annual 1975: 117–120.
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowsky, B.H. 1977. “Mirabib — an archaeological study in the Namib.” Madoqua 10: 221–253.
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowsky, B.H. 2011. “The status of archaeology and anthropology in southern Africa today: Namibia as example.” In Comparative Archaeologies: A Sociological View of the Science of the Past, edited by L.R. Lozny, 769–784. New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider, G. 2009. Treasures of the Diamond Coast: A Century of Diamond Mining in Namibia. Windhoek: Macmillan Education Namibia Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider, G.I. 2020. “Marine diamond mining in the Benguela Current large marine ecosystem: the case of Namibia.” Environmental Development 36: 100579.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senut, B. 1997. “Postcranial morphology and springing adaptations in Pedetidae from Arrisdrift, middle Miocene (Namibia).” Paleontologie Africaine 34: 101–109.
   Google Scholar
• Shackley, M. 1980. “An Acheulean industry with Elephas recki fauna from Namib IV, South West Africa (Namibia).” Nature 284: 340–341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shackley, M. 1982. “Namib IV and the Acheulean technocomplex in the central Namib Desert (South West Africa).” Palaeocology of Africa 14: 1–58.
   Google Scholar
• Shackley, M. 1984. “Off-site distribution and artifact visibility in the central Namib Desert, South West Africa/Namibia.” Cimbebasia Series B 4(5): 55–88.
   Google Scholar
• Shackley, M. 1986. “A macrolithic factory site at Masari, Kavango (South West Africa/Namibia): affinities and interpretation.” South African Archaeological Bulletin 41: 69–80.
   Google Scholar
• Schwirck, H. 2002. “Law’s violence and the boundary between corporal discipline and physical abuse in German South West Africa.” Akron Law Review 36: 81–132.
   Google Scholar
• Spalding, M.D., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., Davidson, N., Ferdaña, Z.A., Finlayson, M.A. X., Halpern, B.S., Jorge, M.A., Lombana, A.L. and Lourie, S.A. 2007. “Marine ecoregions of the world: A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas.” BioScience 57: 573–583.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stromer, E. von. 1926. “Reste Land-und Susswasser-Bewohnender Wirbeltiere aus den Diamantfeldern Deutsch-Sudwestafrikas.” Die Diamantenwuste Sudwest-Afrikas 2: 107–153.
   Google Scholar
• Venter, J., Pargeter, J. Cawthra, H.C. and Fisher, E. 2015. “The P5 project archaeological reconnaissance along the Pondoland Coast, South Africa.” Unpublished poster presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, San Francisco, April.
   Google Scholar
• Vogelsang, R. and Eichhorn, B. 2011. Under the Mopane Tree: Holocene Settlement in Northern Namibia. Köln: Heinrich Barth Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Vogelsang, R., Richter, J., Jacobs, Z., Eichhorn, B., Linseele, V. and Roberts, R.G. 2010. “New excavations of Middle Stone Age deposits at Apollo 11 Rockshelter, Namibia: stratigraphy, archaeology, chronology and past environments.” Journal of African Archaeology 8: 185–218.
   Google Scholar
• Werz, B.E.J.S. 2007. “A suggested blueprint for the development of maritime archaeological research in Namibia.” Journal of Namibian Studies: History Politics Culture 2: 103–121.
   Google Scholar
• Werz, B.E.J.S. and Flemming, N.C. 2001. “Discovery in Table Bay of the oldest handaxes yet found underwater demonstrates preservation of hominid artefacts on the continental shelf.” South African Journal of Science 97: 183–185.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, M.L. 1990. “Strandlopers and shell middens: An investigation into the identity, nomenclature and life-style of the indigenous inhabitants of the southern African coastal region in the prehistoric and early historical period, with a recent example.” PhD diss., University of Cape Town.
   Google Scholar